Education, Languages
The case in German is easy. See for yourself!
How often did you promise yourself to start doing something from next Monday, next month ... next year? But then they either did not even try to get down to business, or soon everyone was showered. So with the study of a foreign language: first we are full of enthusiasm, and then the first difficulties begin to arise - and we begin to seek an excuse to do nothing.
And if many people have half-heartedly learned English in English, then the cases in German are scared off by almost everyone who wants it at the very beginning of the study. However, if you think about it, it's not so scary at all. After all, our native language is Russian. And there are as many as six cases and three kinds of singular. Also, forget about the plural. And in German everything is the same, but there are only cases, how can you not cope? So let's start to understand right now.
Unlike the Russian, cases in German are expressed using the article, and not the ending of the noun. With regard to adjectives and pronouns, their ending is consistent in cases, but the priority in their expression is still given to the articles. The endings rather reflect the definable noun. So, there are the following cases of the German language:
- Nominativ - expresses a subject or object,
Producing action in this sentence. Also used for an application that explains the subject, the predicate (the nominal predicate) and in the appeals. Those. German "Nominativ" is completely equivalent to the Russian "colleague". - Genitive - if other cases in German are used in a number of cases, this one unequivocally denotes belonging and answers the question "whose?".
- Dative (Dativ) - he most often and Russian instrumental, and sometimes even prepositional case. While other cases in German are basically similar to Russian, "Dativ" requires close attention. In general, it is used for the addition to which the action is directed in the sentence, and for the circumstance that answers the question "where?".
- Accusative (Akkusativ) - is mainly used to express the addition to which the action of the object is directed in the German sentence. It can also express circumstance if it answers the question "where?".
As already mentioned above, the case in German is expressed through articles, so for simplicity of understanding I suggest you a table with the change of the article by case.
Case | Issues | Male gender | Feminine | Neuter gender | Plural |
Nominative | Who? what? | Der | Die | Das | Die |
Genitive | whose? | Des * | Der | Des * | Der |
Dative | To whom? What? Where? | Dem | Der | Dem | Den ** |
Accusative | Whom? Of what? Where from? | Den | Die | Das | Die |
* - the ending -s is also added to the noun;
** - the ending -n is appended to the noun.
Case | Question | Male gender | Feminine | Neuter gender | Plural |
Nominative | Who? what? | Ein | Eine | Ein | - |
Genitive | whose? | Eines * | Einer | Eines * | - |
Dative | To whom? What? Where? | Einem | Einer | Einem | - |
Accusative | Whom? Of what? Where from? | Einen | Eine | Ein | - |
Now that we have dealt with the main questions about how the cases are used in the German language, it's time to start the most interesting - the prepositions. After all, often they influence the use of this or that case. And it's not hard to learn them!
Genetiv | Wegen, während, unweit, trotz, längs, (an-) statt, längs |
Dativ | Zu, von, seit, nach, mit, gegenüber, entgegen, bei, ausser, aus |
Akkusativ | Um, ohne, für, gegen, entlang, durch |
As you can see, cases in the German language still lend themselves to study, and their use is even more logical than in Russian. So dare - and remember that everything here depends on you.
Similar articles
Trending Now