The basics of judo: techniques, training and fighting techniques. Martial arts

Judo is a sport in which you need to defeat an opponent with a technical, tactical and physical advantage. Most of the techniques are based on a clear coordination of movements and dexterity. The struggle begins with the moment of capture of the enemy's suit, which is called a kimono. As a rule, the fight takes place on an even and dense surface. The technique of this single combat is presented in three parts:

1. Fighting standing.
2. Struggle lying down.
3. Throw.

Judo is a great way to protect yourself, because this sport is based on a fight at a small distance. What are the rules of judo? The techniques allowed in this martial art, we will consider in the article.

Requirements for Judo

Judo is associated with a large range of technical and tactical elements, which requires the development of motor abilities. This feature causes the following.

1. The development of endurance will achieve better results.
2. Increasing the dynamic strength of all muscle groups, especially the back and hands, is necessary to achieve high results in judo.
3. Reaction to touch is of great importance in judo, and it should be developed.
4. Dexterity and flexibility will make it possible to master many techniques.

Physiological aspect

The physiological aspect is expressed by the loading of the circulatory system and respiratory tract. During the battle, the load indicator is constantly changing. In addition, do not forget about the stifling techniques that are used in this fight.

Psychological factor

The psychological factor affects the ability to predict the actions of an opponent. The success of tactics is connected with the ability to assess the situation in the shortest possible time and quickly make a decision. Moral and volitional training is an integral part of training.

Judo: techniques

The technique of judo is based on various techniques that allow you to defeat the enemy. At the same time receptions are divided into those that are performed in standing fight, and those that can be used in the fight lying down. In addition, great importance is given to throws, which help to go into the struggle lying down.

In the struggle under consideration, all the characteristics of the battle are given importance, since judo helps to win at the slightest missteps of the enemy. That is why we can distinguish the following fundamentals of technology.

1. Rack (sisei). When standing, you should put your feet on the width of the shoulders, the center of gravity of the body is transferred to the front of the feet. Knees, shoulders, abdominal muscles relaxed. Such a rack allows, if necessary, to jump sharply into an attack or perform defensive techniques. Protective type of the rack slightly differs from the usual: the legs are widely spaced, the center of gravity is below, the body is slightly tilted forward, the legs in the knees are bent.
2. Capture (kumikata). To perform the reception, you must first capture. At the same time, the more competently it is executed, the greater the chances of successful completion of the battle. An experienced opponent will interfere with making a comfortable grip, and thus performing a reception will be difficult. Therefore, it is recommended to train at once for performing several types of capture.
3. Movement (syntha). Static method of struggle, when capture or reception is done without prior movement on the site. Extremely rare phenomenon in the struggle of professionals. Performed movements must be consistent: first move the foot, and then the body. The distance between the stops should be unchanged. Body weight should never fall on one foot.
4. Turns (taisisbacks). Such movements are used in attack and defense.
5. The fall (ukemi). Like many other moments of the struggle, it is possible to perform the fall correctly only after careful and long trainings. Despite the fact that beginners do not take into account the importance of skills to fall correctly, it is these skills that allow you to be confident in attack during a fight. With the correct fall, you can correct the previously committed error and prevent the enemy from completing the attack. In addition, you can exclude the possibility of injury.

The above-mentioned elements of technology are the bases of judo, from which this combat should be studied.

Judo: receptions, throws

There are more than 70 techniques of throwing an opponent. Each of them has its own characteristics and for proper performance of each one you need to conduct training. What is characteristic of judo? Throws are divided into several groups, and in their technique, we can note four important points that are inherent in almost every species.

1. Kudzushi is an unbalance. In order to properly conduct the withdrawal from the balance of the enemy, you need to feel its center of gravity. This throwing element is the most important of all four, since it allows you to hold all throws. For example, a sign of losing balance can be that the opponent is on the toes of the toes. It is at this point that the most effective is to throw forward.
2. Tsukuri - the entrance to the throw. Each entry should be as powerful as possible, since this will determine the difficulty of the cast. When conducting training, it is important to pay attention to three things: depth, position and speed. Posture during the approach to the throw must be straight, the supporting leg bent, and the speed of call as much as possible, which will not give the opportunity to respond in time to the enemy.
3. Kake - the throw. Many believe that the throw is the most simple part of the reception, since correctly performed previous stages give an advantage over the opponent. However, good control of the throw and its high speed will make it possible to get a great benefit from the reception. Therefore, it should be practiced more often. It is desirable if the opponent resists (in many sports schools, training is conducted on a static opponent, that is, he does not move and does not resist).
4. Transition. In some cases, you need to perform a transition after the throw. If the reception took place, then as a rule, many remain standing, which is considered a demonstration of your own balance and your opponent. Some coaches encourage those who immediately switch to ne-waza techniques, since this allows for increased protection (in addition, such a move gives a tactical advantage in case the judge did not give an estimate of the ippon).

How to master the art of judo? Throws, sharpening each of them, will allow you to master all the techniques and will give the chance to throw on the floor of any opponent, regardless of his height, weight and the current situation in the fight.

Reception oogoshi

Oogoshi - throw thigh. He is one of the most popular techniques of throwing. His technique is as follows.

1. The right leg of the attacker is placed in front of the right foot of the defender.
2. Relying on the right leg, a left turn is made, with both hands tilting the defender.
3. The swing of the left leg allows you to finish the turn, the attacker becomes the back to the defender. During the turn, the attacking wrestler with his right hand takes the opponent by the waist and presses tightly against his thigh, bends his knees slightly.
4. After this, the legs straighten, and the attacking wrestler leans forward, performing the throw.

Such a throw through the hip has a simple technique of execution, and it can be mastered perfectly during training.

Team Judo

Judo has become widespread in many countries, including Russia. For more than 40 years, athletes from Russia have managed to win many honorable awards. Even during the existence of the USSR, the Sambo Federation was opened. It was 1972 that is considered the date of birth of this sport in the USSR.

The judo federation after the collapse of the USSR became the center of development of this single combat in the Russian Federation. It is worth noting that after the establishment of the Federation in the first Olympic Games, judoists from Russia could not win a single medal. Four years later, the team had already brought four medals from Sydney, and later, in 2011, Russian wrestlers celebrated the triumph after the World Cup, which was held in Munich. After that the Russian judo team took prizes at almost every world-class competition.

Judo is one of the most popular martial arts in Russia. That is why the Russian national judo team is constantly updating its staff, as every year it opens up new talents.

School

To achieve high results in judo, professional training should be provided. Recently, special attention has been paid to the development of judo in the regions, which led to the creation of judo training centers in many cities.

In our article, special attention should be paid to the fact that a large number of competitions of regional and global scale are held on the territory of Russia. In 2016, it is planned to hold a personal and team championship in judo in Kazan.

As a rule, education begins as a child, since it is at this age that new information and movements are given easier. In addition, do not forget that judo is associated with great moral and physical stress on the body. Preparation in the period of development of the body will make it easier to overcome difficulties.

However, do not forget that the school - judo is not only a place where you need certain results in competitions. Given the psychological and physiological training that is included in the training, classes can begin at almost any age, if there are no serious health problems. Its school of judo is in every major city of Russia.

Suit for judo

Suit, which is worn in the practice of judo, it is customary to call kimono or judogi. It consists of the following elements:

• pants;
• belt;
• jacket.

Training, according to accepted standards, can only take place in a kimono for judo. It is strictly forbidden to remove a suit during the course of a fight or training. In doing so, during training, the coach may allow you to remove the kimono for certain exercises. A shirt for a suit can only be worn if you need to lose weight during training or maintain a certain body temperature. Socks or slippers are prohibited, according to the rules and ethical views of the founders of this sport (they are allowed to use only with certain foot damages). It is worth noting that women under the kimono for judo should wear a gymnastic swimsuit, according to the accepted rules.

Techniques for beginners

Judo has more than a hundred receptions. But beginners can learn only some of the techniques of judo for beginners. This is due to the fact that improper performance of some can do more harm than good. Beginners should know the following:

1. How to put feet feet.
2. In which part of the kimono to take the seizure.
3. How to choose the right time to capture and how to make an approach for it.
4. Correct rack.
5. How to choose a supporting leg.

All receptions in this single combat are based on tactical superiority. In other words, if the enemy has opened during the transition or attempted capture, then almost any method can be used.

Receptions for children

Teaching children is a special moment in every sport. Sports judo refers to wrestling, where it is important not only the ability to perform certain tricks, but moral and physical training. That's why many coaches working with children's age (about 5 years) pay great attention to physical training: the development of flexibility and strength. These moments are very important in the fight.

This approach is connected with the fact that all receptions should be used consciously and at a certain time. The main points that a child should learn while practicing judo are as follows:

1. The basic rules of the struggle.
2. Tactically skills, because the location relative to the enemy can put in a difficult or profitable situation.
3. Correct rack for fast transition to attack or defense.
4. Correct capture.

Trainers use judo techniques for children who are not dangerous in performance, and can also be performed according to the level of physical training (remember that many tricks are invented for adults, and mistakes can lead to injuries). It all depends on which training method is individual or group.

Painful techniques

Kansetsu-waza is an integral part of judo, which uses judo's pain techniques. Despite the fact that this type of martial arts does not require the use of pain techniques to defeat the enemy, they can be decisive in combat. In most cases, painful techniques are directed at the elbow joint.

What is characteristic of judo, techniques that can be used in this form of martial arts - all this was described in the article. Is it worth mastering the technique of judo? The decision is up to you.