Technology of facade insulation with foam plastic. Heat insulation of walls with polystyrene from the outside with your own hands

Warming of a country house is an important process that allows to provide a favorable microclimate inside the premises. Most often, the external facade is applied, which saves valuable space from the inside. The technology of facade insulation with foam plastic is very popular, because the process itself is simple, and the material is cheap. However, before the beginning of the work, all the same it is necessary to take into account the possible nuances in order to insulate the premises correctly.

We warm the house with modern methods

Experts who constantly improve such technologies, strive to minimize the number of heat losses during the construction of buildings, which will minimize the economic costs. The method of bonded thermal insulation, on which the technology of facade insulation with foam is based, has been used for a long time. At the same time, the processes themselves are constantly updated and improved. With this method, materials with high thermo-technical properties, in particular foam, are used. Its distinctive features will be discussed below.

Styrofoam: Pros and Cons

The positive properties of this material include the following:

• Availability of value;
• Low thermal conductivity;
• No need for vapor barrier;
• Resistance to moisture absorption;
• durability;
• Resistance to microorganisms;
• Simplicity of installation.

However, the insulation of walls with polystyrene from the outside with their own hands has a number of drawbacks, which are caused by the flammability of the material, the release of toxic toxic smoke. In addition, styrofoam like rodents. However, with a competent approach to insulation, you can reduce the deficiencies to a minimum.

Stages of work

First you need to calculate the amount of foam that will be needed for exterior finishing. For this purpose, the external area of the object is measured. To insulate the apartment house, experts advise choosing a foam thickness of up to 45 mm, and for industrial facilities the material should be even thicker. Warming the facade of the house with foam plastic is a technology that is performed in several stages:

1. A wall is being prepared.
2. The adhesive composition is chosen.
3. The socle profile is formed.
4. Foam polystyrene plates are laid.
5. Mounted mesh based on dowels.
6. Apply primer.
7. Decorative finishing is in progress.

Starting from the walls

From the fact whether you are responsible for the execution of works at this stage, it depends on how high-quality and durable will be the thermal insulation. These works are labor-intensive, but they should be paid close attention. The technology of insulation of the facade with foam plastic involves the preparation of a qualitative wall surface. To do this, it removes all the protruding objects in the form of window shades, air conditioning units, ventilation grids, rain gutters, lighting devices. Then, the strength of the exterior finish, which was carried out earlier, is checked. All vertical deviations must be removed and aligned.

If the surface of the wall was covered with oil paint, then it must be cleaned, since the feature of this coating is low adhesion. And this means that it will not be easy to attach a heater. All cracks on the wall must be primed and plastered.

Mounting of socle profile

Thermal insulation of walls with polystyrene from the outside with their own hands is work that will be performed for a long time. When installing the socle, the lower point of the plane is marked, which will be warmed. The hydraulic level marks are transferred to the corners of the structure, after which they are connected by a string or cord. In accordance with the marking, the socle profile is installed - it will become the basis for the first row of foam plates. The starting bar should be chosen the same size as the width of the material. It is attached to the wall by dowels, and the corners are joined by means of a method of oblique cuts or a corner connector. Between parts of socle profiles, plastic elements can be laid, which will compensate for temperature expansion.

Getting Started

The technology of external insulation of walls with foam plastic is based on the use of competently prepared glue composition. It should be used immediately after preparation, as it quickly cools. It is important to remember that you can not dilute the glue with water! After the preparation of the walls and glue, we proceed to the installation. The glue is applied in different ways, depending on what the plane is. If there are irregularities up to 15 mm, glue is applied around the perimeter of the plate with an indent from the edge. Apply glue with a width of up to 20 mm, while on the plate itself you need to place glue beacons. Do not overdo it with the volume of the applied composition. Since when you press the surface of the adhesive will be distributed between the plates of foam and the wall itself. Strips need to be applied intermittently - this will avoid the appearance of closed air congestion.

Bonding of foam: features of the process

Thermal insulation of the facade with foam plastic is the technology of thermal insulation of the walls of the house, at which it is possible to make the process of finishing the residential object cheaper. True, it is important to be able to correctly calculate the number of plates and correctly put them. So, after the mixture is applied to the plate, it needs to be glued for 20 minutes. Control the level of the plates with a thread. Installation of foam should be carried out from the bottom up, with the first sheets resting on the socle profile. That is why it is so important to properly design the base. Experts advise to lay sheets of foam plastic in a checkerboard pattern, which will ensure the reliability of the design.

The technology of external insulation of walls with foam plastic is simple, but you need to pay great attention to the zone of window and door openings. Ideally, the plates should be connected above the apertures or below them, which will avoid the formation of gaps and cracks. For this, it is best to use an adjacent profile or a sealing tape based on polyurethane foam. It is glued to the box, compressed with a heater. The boxes must also be pasted with tape.

We fix plates with dowels

About three days you have to wait until the plates come to grips with the wall surface. Now the polystyrene is attached by dowels through special fasteners on the basis of elastic plastic. The length of the fasteners depends on the thickness of the sheet. The technology of facade insulation with foam plastic involves the use of dowels that do not have a metal rod. This can lead to the formation of a cold bridge.

Reinforcement of thermal insulation

The reliability of the structure should be supplemented with auxiliary grid layers. As a rule, reinforcing patches based on reinforcing mesh are used when decorating the corners of windows and doors. These elements avoid the appearance of cracks that may occur at the inner corners of the openings. The technology of external insulation of walls with foam plastic is the opportunity to reinforce the first floor with a reinforcing layer of approximately 2 meters, which will protect the facade from various mechanical damages.

All exterior corners of the building must also be reinforced. To do this, experts recommend the use of perforated corners of aluminum or plastic. On both sides of the corner is applied glue, which is pressed against the sheet of foam by means of a spatula. Using the level, the same angle is set over the entire surface of the wall.

Base reinforcement layer

To make the insulation of facades with foam plastic correctly, it is important not to forget about mounting the main reinforcing mesh. It is carried out after drying of additional layers and fastening of all elements of reinforcement. The mesh is glued overlapping, and for the finishing of the facade is selected material of fiberglass, which is resistant to stretching and the appearance of cracks. The mesh is cut into strips of equal height. Then, a glue solution up to 2 mm thick is applied to the wall. The prepared mesh is unwound to the full length. Apply to the mortar, level with a spatula. On the reinforced mesh is applied a second layer of glue. However, it will not be noticeable.

After the reinforced web is laid, it must dry out. Then it can be sanded with sandpaper. After three days the walls dry completely, they can be treated with a primer with quartz sand in the composition. This will achieve high adhesion to the surface. In addition, it is easy to apply any finishing material to such a wall.

Technology of insulation of facades with foam plastic: advice

Warming the walls should be at a temperature of +5 to +25 degrees with an air humidity of not more than 80%. The working surface must be protected from natural factors. At work it is necessary to put forests at least 30 cm from the wall in order to provide easy access to them. Remember that once the wall is covered with polystyrene, do not shelve the reinforcement, as the insulation can become yellow under the influence of the environment. Start with a less visible wall, when you perform the insulation of facades with foam. The installation technology will allow to correct them in case of defects, and at the same time not to harm the decorative component of the building.

Performing insulation by the method of bonded insulation, choose high-quality consumables designed for finishing the facades. This is due to the fact that this thermal insulation material meets the requirements of vapor permeability and fire resistance. Solutions should also be selected specialized - for external works.

All these stages involve the technology of insulation of facades with foam plastic. Installation from scratch with your own hands is quite possible. The main thing is to choose the right material and follow the work stages.