Multi-hollow slabs: description and photo

One of the most necessary, inexpensive and convenient in the installation of building materials are slabs for floors. Currently, two types of similar products are produced: hollow and solid. Each type is designed to solve certain construction tasks, but still most often when erecting various structures used hollow core slabs. In fact, these are universal designs, since they can be used for any type of construction. They are indispensable in the removal of floors, the separation of basements from the main buildings, the construction of garages, roofs and many other structures.

Plate overlap hollow (PC) - a flat concrete block of rectangular shape. Inside the structure there are oval cavities. They are needed to reduce the weight of the panel, to increase its heat-retaining properties. Inside the void, if necessary, you can lay engineering communications.

Production features

The production of panels is carried out according to the design drawings by the method of pouring in accordance with the requirements of GOST: hollow core slabs are made of heavy concrete, the density class of which is not less than B30. To provide the necessary strength to the products, a skeleton is placed in the formwork. To extend the service life and preserve strength, all metal elements are coated to protect against corrosion by a special compound. Thanks to this, the products retain good bending strength for many decades.

In addition, according to GOST, for panels that will be supported on the walls by only two or three sides, a frame is made not of simple reinforcement, but rather a prestressed one.

To further facilitate the work with the finishing materials, the top and bottom planes of the panels are carefully leveled, so that they can be painted, wallpapered, and other types of finishing materials applied without plastering. Stringing holes and hinges on the panels are designed for easy installation and moving.

Preparation method

The entire production process is strictly controlled and regulated according to the requirements of official documents. Manufacture of products occurs according to the following scheme: in a special form of an open type, a frame structure is mounted 3-5 cm from the edge.

Together with the frame, stitching loops are also laid. When the metal reinforcement is ready, the mixture is poured with concrete. Thanks to the use of the vibration method, the products are not only durable, high-strength, but also strictly meet design criteria. In them there are no rushes, cracks, cavities, chips and other defects that can reduce the strength of the product.

The panels are then heat treated and sent to the laboratory, where they undergo a defect screening test, and the indicators and benchmarks are checked.

Materials

In order to have future floor hollow slabs with the necessary characteristics, manufacturers use only high-quality Portland cement for their production, in addition to purified water. Filler is fine sand and gravel crushed stone. They are resistant to temperature changes and give these properties to the panels. To maximize other important indicators, various plasticizers are used.

For continuous reinforcement, depending on the purpose of the products, the following can be used:

1. Seven-wire strands cross-section 6P-7.
2. High-strength wire of periodic profile. Its cross section must be 5Bp-II.
3. Rods for the production of which thermally strengthened steel of the At-V class was used.
4. Rope diameter of 6 mm class K-7.
5. Reinforcing wire of Bp-II class and other similar materials permitted by Gosstandart.

Indicators of standards

Multiple floor slabs series 1 141 1 is the basic standard for the manufacture of PC panels. Therefore, all regulations and rules are strictly observed during production. Moreover, panels never poison on the implementation, if they have not passed the quality control, as evidenced by the issued to them technical certificates and certificates.

On the side faces of each panel, an obligatory marking is displayed, displaying all information about the product. Based on the plotted data, a selection of elements for a particular object is made taking into account the features of panel products and the requirements for their characteristics.

Marking

Since hollow-core slabs are intended for typical construction, they are marked during manufacture. For this, signs are written in the form of letters and numbers:

1. PC - plate hollow-core.
2. The first numerical designation is length. Presented in decimeters (the indicator is rounded to the nearest whole number).
3. The second digit denotes the width in dm (the value is rounded).
4. The third digit denotes the maximum index of the bearing properties of the product. The indicator is shown in MPa.

Characteristics

At present, many types of hollow articles are produced, which differ in the diameter of the voids and in the shape of the plates themselves. One of the indicators by which the slabs of overlapping are multi-hollow are the dimensions.

The panels can be used on structures of any mounting dimensions: the overall dimensions are so unified that they are suitable everywhere. This is one of the important characteristics of the products that this series represents. Multiple hollow core slabs can withstand significant loads, in size they are inferior to similar products, which are intended for use in the construction of a foundation, bearing walls. But in this case, panel structures with voids have a multiple safety margin.

Basic properties

To understand how important and necessary for construction are panel structures, it is sufficient to study the advantages that reinforced concrete hollow core slabs possess. Series 1 141 1 is designed for use in areas with high seismicity, so it is particularly strong. In addition, the use of products has many other positive qualities:

1. Allow the structures to withstand quite impressive loads.
2. Hollow products provide high thermal insulation properties, excellent frost resistance and fire safety.
3. With correct adjustment of the supports, the slabs provide an absolute horizontal surface.
4. To improve frost resistance, panels are produced in which cavities are filled with porous insulation materials.
5. Cloths are durable, do not need additional care, their application significantly facilitates the application of the finish coat.
6. The use of plates improves the waterproofness of the building, preventing the penetration of other parts of the buildings of gas, steam, and noise.

Application Features

PK panels are in demand today for the construction of objects of very different purposes. These are industrial and public buildings, residential buildings, loggias, balconies. Using hollow core slabs, you can create two structural elements at once. These are the ceiling and floor, which, moreover, will be almost perfectly flat.

Due to such characteristics as strength, fire resistance, thermal insulation, panels can be used when building structures in areas with any climate.