Stages of Scientific Research

Scientific research is the process of studying and understanding reality, the connections between individual phenomena of the environment and their regularities. Cognition is a complex process of people's consciousness. It, in fact, represents a movement towards more accurate and complete knowledge. This way it is possible to pass through scientific research.

In the field of applied sciences or technology, the stages of scientific research are singled out, which must be consistently passed through the study of certain problems.

Most often, seven consecutive steps are distinguished, each of which characterizes the stages of scientific research. In a short version, the structure and stages of scientific research look like this.

1. First of all, it is necessary to determine the problem . This stage is not just a search for a problem, but a clear and precise formulation of the research tasks, because the progress and effectiveness of the entire study largely depends on this.

At this stage it is required to collect and process the initial information, to think over the methods and means of solving problems.

1. At the second stage, it is necessary to put forward and then justify the initial hypothesis . Usually, a hypothesis is developed on the basis of formulated tasks and analysis of the collected initial information. The hypothesis may not have one option, then the most appropriate one should be selected. To clarify the hypothesis of the working order, experiments are carried out, allowing more complete study of the object.
2. The third stage is a theoretical study . It consists in the synthesis and analysis of the basic laws that fundamental sciences give in relation to the object under study. At this stage, further, additional, new, yet unknown regularities are obtained with the help of apparatus of different sciences.

The aim of the study at the level of theory is the generalization of phenomena, their connections,

Obtaining more information to justify a working hypothesis.

1. Experimental research continues the theoretical stage. Experiment as delivered scientific experience is the most difficult and laborious part of the research. His goals can be different, because they depend on the nature of the whole study, as well as the sequence of its conduct.

In the case of the standard course and procedure of the study, the experimental part (experiment) is carried out after the stage of theoretical study of the problem. In this case, the experiment, as a rule, confirms the results of theoretical hypotheses. Sometimes after the experiment, hypotheses are refuted.

In some cases, the order of the study is changing. It happens that the third and fourth stages of scientific research change places. Then the experiment can precede the theoretical part. Such a sequence is characteristic of exploratory studies, when the theoretical basis is insufficient for the promotion of hypotheses. In this case, the theory is designed to generalize the results of experimental studies.

1. Analysis of the results and their comparison. This stage implies the need to compare the theoretical and experimental stages of scientific research for the final confirmation of the hypothesis and the further formulation of the conclusions and the consequences arising from it. Sometimes the result is also negative, then the hypothesis has to be rejected.
2. Final conclusions . The conclusions are summed up, the conclusions are formulated and their correspondence to the initially stated problem.
3. Mastering the results . This stage is typical for technical works. It is a preparation for the industrial implementation of the research results.

These seven steps reduce the main stages of scientific research, which must be passed from the working hypothesis to the implementation of the results of research into life.