Spring top dressing of fruit trees. How to make fertilizing for fruit trees

Spring is a hot season for gardeners. One of the important cases is the spring top dressing of fruit trees. The soils of garden plots are very different in their mineral composition and structure. And different types of fruit trees put forward their demands for normal growth and fruiting, not every soil can provide them with everything necessary. That is why it is very important to properly and properly carry out fertilizing in the garden area. Especially need them fruit trees in the spring, when they are preparing for flowering and fruit bearing.

Why can not I skip this event?

To begin with, the spring top dressing of fruit trees is not the most time consuming part of caring for a home garden, but experienced gardeners know that this is the most important agrotechnical device. Without this event it is impossible to achieve decorative properties of trees and berry bushes, not to wait for a good harvest of berries and fruits. Extra nutrition can be compared if necessary with spraying the garden from pests. In time, the fertilizing of fruit trees will add necessary elements to the soil, which in the future will result in an excellent flowering and fruit bearing.

Fruit trees live for many years, so the soil needs additional nutrition. The tree consumes many elements from the soil, especially during the ripening period of the fruit. It is often asked whether the autumn feeding will override the entire nutrient requirement. Leading agronomists believe that no. Before the vegetation period, the concentration of nutrients decreases, which leads to a decrease in yields and a deterioration in fruit quality. Next, you will consider the shortage of which elements must be filled in the first place.

Nutrients required for fruit trees

Spring fertilizing of fruit trees implies the introduction of the entire set of nutrients needed for these plants. During the vegetation period, the demand changes drastically, nitrogen comes to the fore, which is washed out during the autumn-spring months by abundant rainfall and water coming from the thawing of the snows. On the second place in importance are potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. This order should be known and considered. First of all, the need for nitrogen is exacerbated in trees, and later, when forming the ovary, in phosphorus. Feeding of trees in the spring is a pledge of a good harvest in autumn. A very important point is the presence of humus in the soil. It is usually abundant in heavy fertile soils, and in sandy loams and sandy almost no. Also, the potassium content strongly depends on the soil structure.

How to properly apply fertilizing

We are talking about the period when trees are awakened from hibernation. Fertilizing trees in spring is made directly under the root of the tree. And it is brought into the snow when it melts. That is, slowly penetrating into the soil along with thawed water, mineral mixtures come to the awakening roots.

The mixture is introduced into the tree trunks, which from autumn should have been well loosened. The perimeter should be marked by drawing the width of the crown on the ground. It is here that the largest number of young suction roots are located. A young tree will have 40 grams of complex fertilizer, for adults it will require a portion more.

The location of landings also matters. If the garden grows on the slope, then it is necessary to delay the application of fertilizers so that the mineral mixture is not washed away with the melt water.

Under the snow, a fertilizer containing nitrogen is introduced. But do not buy universal compounds called "spring", often they contain too much of this element, which can lead to the appearance of fungus. A little later, when the snow melts, it is possible to introduce superphosphate, ash and potassium sulfate into the soil.

May - the time of active ovary and growth of fruits

Fertilizing trees in the spring is not limited to this. Blooming is in full swing and the first ovary is already appearing, now trees need not so much minerals as organic matter. For the May feeding is perfectly suitable for properly prepared manure and compost. The amount of fertilizer applied depends on the soil. Fertile black earth requires a minimum of additives, forest soils are larger, and podzolic soils are required regularly and abundantly moisturized. Manure is usually applied in the form of an aqueous solution, this method is familiar to every summer resident. Compost should be cooked from autumn, filling the grass in the compost pit. Processing and feeding of fruit trees in the spring will be easy and simple, if you take care of such proven means in advance.

Types of fruit trees

In our garden plots there are a lot of them, and each reacts in its own way to any type of fertilizer. That is why the top-dressing of trees in the spring should be carried out on an individual basis. Fertilizing fruit trees is a pledge of a rich harvest, so you can not forget about it. Excellent response to such apple tree activities. They need a colossal amount of nutrients to grow fragrant fruits. It is equally useful to add organic fertilizers to the soil, where the pear and plum grow.

And yet, what fertilizers should be used for fruit trees? Many summer residents will answer that it is enough to take manure - and they will be absolutely right. The only exception is decorative, coniferous tree species. It is better for them to choose a balanced top dressing with the appropriate marking.

Technical details

How to make fertilizing for fruit trees? There are two options. The first is dry mixtures, which are gradually dissolved by water and penetrate into the soil. The second is suitable for fruit trees much better and is an aqueous solution. Liquid fertilization of the plant is faster. In this case, if you have a seedling, then you need to apply fertilizer on a cloudy day, preferably at night. Note that the soil under the tree should be well watered so that the fertilizer solution added to it does not cause root burn.

Dry mineral mixtures are introduced before watering, so that the tree as quickly as possible begins to receive nutrients. Fruit tree is very responsive to the introduction of calcium, sodium, iron and potassium. No less important are selenium, magnesium, copper and many other trace elements, which are usually lacking in soil. It is very important not to introduce an excessive dose. A large amount of nitrogen is detrimental to young plants. By the middle of summer the bark will not have time to take shape, and the plant will freeze in winter. Another point: excess nitrogen stimulates shoot formation and slows fruiting. It is very important, at what time of year the fruit trees were planted. Top dressing is most effective in the summer months, while plantations for the winter will be prepared for wintering, and therefore do not need fertilizers.

Mulching

There is another way to make the most of your garden. Fertilizing fruit trees can be due to organic mulch. It is peat, manure, organic remains, overgrown leaves and straw. All this organic is located on a well-podrahlennom layer of fertile soil under a fruit tree. The thickness of the mulch should not be too small, the optimal layer is about 15 cm along the whole perimeter of the crown. If such a procedure is performed in the spring, it will be very good to add mulch and mineral fertilizers. Mulching is a very useful technique, it helps to retain moisture in the soil, restrains the growth of weeds and maintains the optimal temperature regime of the soils of the near-barren circle.

Foliar top dressing

As is known, the plant is able to absorb useful substances not only through the roots, but also through its green crown. Agrotechnics have long adopted this knowledge and began to actively use them. Today the achievements of science allow each gardener to have a huge selection of drugs for working in the garden. Among them are foliar top dressings. You get the opportunity to spray fruit crops with a solution of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators. Such drugs can significantly improve fruiting. The basis of their often favored 0.2% urea solution.

During the flowering of fruit plants it is important to attract as many insects as possible, which will produce pollination. Summer residents go to the trick, making a sweet solution of honey, sugar and water. Such a bait in the spring period operates without fail. Since the flowering of the main medonos has not yet begun, not a single bee will miss such a feast.

Saplings, care and top dressing

The first task of these plants is to take root and as soon as possible to move into growth. Fruiting is not a priority yet. Usually in the first few years a young apple or pear gives only a few fruits, and therefore does not spend too much of its resources. Later, for certain the question will arise - which fertilizers for fruit trees need to be introduced? Optimal option for fertilizing at the time of planting and subsequent fertilization of the seedlings is the complex fertilizer "AgroProst". It gives all the vital elements: phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, and trace elements: calcium, zinc, boron and magnesium. Especially it is necessary on clay or sandy areas, where the soil is poor.

The first top dressing is done by applying a dry agent directly to the prepared well. Follow-up is performed annually, superficially in the near-barrel circle. Usually they are repeated in spring and autumn. Adult tree can be completely transferred to organic fertilizers of domestic production.

Adult fruit trees

Starting from the fifth year of life, plants enter a period of active fruiting, and consequently, the requirements for top dressing change. Now the trees are fed with a full mineral fertilizer. One square meter of the area consumes 15 g of nitrogen, 8 g of phosphorus and 12 g of potassium. These substances are brought under the snow. A little later comes the turn of organic fertilizers, once in 2 years is introduced about 6 kg of manure per square meter of the near-barrel circle. After the end of flowering, when the phase of growing the ovary comes, dry powdered bird droppings are excellent. About 0.3 kg of such a powder is scattered on 1 m ^{2 of the} dribble circle. Sleeping with manure can be completely replaced by adding slurry. To do this, take one liter of solution per square meter of soil surface. Mineral substances are required annually.

Let's sum up the results

In spring, as you know, a day feeds, so a gardener can not lose time. Spring fertilizing of fruit trees, both adults and young seedlings, is guaranteed to ensure their good growth, flowering and fruiting. Despite the abundance of work in the garden, it is necessary to give time to this. Then autumn will meet you with ruddy apples, juicy pears and delicious plums.