Some forms of work organization

In economic literature, when considering such an issue as a form of labor organization, classical classification is proposed: division into individual and collective forms.

Collective forms of organization of labor are the most common, since most often the production plan is brought to any unit, and the results of this plan are used to pay wages to the entire unit, with subsequent distribution among individual employees. Depending on the place occupied in the hierarchy of the organization, collective forms of organization of labor, in turn, are divided into group, individual, sector, shop, etc.

Depending on the method of division, units with a complete division of labor (performing only their duties at their workplace), with partial interchangeability (mastering several specialties and performing the function of overlapping), are fully functional (any employee of the unit can replace any other employee at any time Of this unit).

Also, units can be with full self-management, when after the assignment is established, the subdivision by its own forces independently solves it, mobilizing precisely those resources that are needed to achieve the set goals. Partial self-government involves delegating part of the functions and centralizing the other part. If all functions are centralized, it is a collective form without self-government.

By methods of payment distinguish such forms of organization of labor, as: the form of individual pay, payment by the tariff system, payment by the tariff system with the use of coefficients, unpaid wages, commission payment. If we consider the forms of organization of labor in interaction with the management of the organization, then we can distinguish forms based on direct subordination, acting on the basis of a lease contract, contract or contract.

Using different forms of organization of work in the enterprise, it is necessary to monitor that this increases the efficiency of work and the attractiveness of labor in the enterprise. For example, it is not recommended to combine such labor operations, which differ greatly in the qualification of the employed worker's work (for example, subsidiary work and highly skilled labor).

To ensure that the chosen alignment program has been successful, you need to develop a map of the organization of labor at a particular enterprise. Combining different professions, expanding the service area and replacing the absent employee are progressive forms of labor organization. By combination is meant the performance of their duties, plus additional work in another specialty. Expansion of the service area is an increase in the scope of work for the main specialty of the employee. The replacement of the absent employee is the fulfillment of the additional duties of this employee for the period of leave, illness, business trip, etc.

Such forms are aimed at reducing the number of working personnel, reducing the cost of paying wages, increasing productivity without investing additional investment. These forms of work organization can be applied only with the written consent of the employee and should not lead to a deterioration in the quality of products. The employee must have unused time during the working day, when he has the opportunity to perform additional work.

It is necessary to ensure that the employee is not overly overloaded and was able to perform work on combining qualitatively during his working day. Otherwise, overlapping may lead to a deterioration in performance.