Sewage audit: types, purpose and order of installation

When designing a sewage system, it is necessary to take into account all factors of its operation and maintenance. First of all, a professional choice of materials and a technological scheme for installing pipelines. The most important part of the future system is a sewer inspection, which is designed to effectively remove blockages.

Purpose

During the operation of the sewage system, clogging may occur. The reasons for their appearance are diverse: starting from the wrong slope of the pipe and ending with the incorrectly chosen diameter of the trunk. To eliminate it, you must first identify the place of formation and the largest concentration of debris. This can be done without special equipment if a sewage inspection is installed on the sections of the system.

It is an element of the main line, on the outer surface of which there is an observation hole. An important parameter is the tightness of the lid - it should not cause an unpleasant smell or discharge of sewage in the room when the pipeline is fully loaded. In addition, it is necessary to comply with the rules for connecting inspection elements with other parts of the sewage system.

Installation

The correct operation of the entire system directly depends on the correct location of the installation. To do this, a detailed project is drawn up, which indicates the material for the manufacture of pipes, their diameter, the order of connecting horizontal and vertical lines. Along with these parameters indicate those areas where revision is necessary. Sewer cleaning is a complex process that requires the provision of conditions for its conduct. Therefore, the installation site is selected on the basis of the following conditions:

1. In places with the highest likelihood of blockage.
2. With free access to the hatch. The cleaning procedure must not be obstructed by foreign objects or limited space.

Depending on the installation site, there are 2 types of sewerage inspection - for internal and external pipelines.

Internal sewerage system

Most of the blockages occur in the pipes installed in the room. This is due to the specifics of their laying: multiple angular rotations and a change in the diameter of the main line in one section lead to the accumulation of debris and an artificial reduction in the cross-section of the pipes. The installed sewerage audit will help to solve these problems.

There are certain installation rules, adhering to which, it is possible to ensure the normal functioning and maintenance of internal sewage networks:

• On all vertical risers should be installed sewer revision 110 mm. If there are several floors in the building, then they are supposed to be mounted on each. The height is not regulated, but for convenience of operation it should not be less than 150 cm from the floor level.
• In horizontal lines, the installation of inspection parts is necessary if the distance from the points of water intake is more than 0.5 m.
• It is mandatory to install on the corner (swivel) parts of the pipeline.

Guided by these rules, you can ensure the safety of the sewage system.

Outdoor sewerage

For external pipelines, it is necessary to use a comprehensive method of arranging the revision elements. According to the installation rules, the line should be located below the freezing level of the soil. To provide access to the audit, mount special inspection decks.

Their design protects the pipeline from the effects of weather and clogging. The number of such elements of the system is determined by its length. For sections with smooth relief, the distance between the wells is from 8 to 10 m. If the terrain has elevations, then their number increases. It is important to choose the appropriate model of sewerage revision - it should be designed for external soil loads, not to be destroyed due to low temperatures.

Features of operation

Unlike other elements of the pipeline, the sewer inspection can experience various mechanical loads. For pressure sewage systems, this is the internal pressure of the sewage stream. If the system has a gravity structure, this factor practically does not affect the internal surface.

However, it is necessary to take into account other types of mechanical impact. At occurrence of blockages the hatch in revision is necessary for penetration of a sewer cable. The principle of its impact on the plug is in the translational motion, as a result of which the blockage is destroyed. However, the cable body inevitably presses on the end portion of the inspection hole. This is the most fragile part of the structure, with strong pressure, a chip or crack may appear. In the future, when filling the pipe through these defects, an unpleasant odor or leakage of liquid will flow.

Therefore, this part of the structure must be thick-walled. In particular, this applies to internal sewerage systems, the material of which is often PVC. Despite the fact that it can withstand the design pressure values, it is a relatively fragile material. When exposed to fracture, it loses integrity, resulting in chipped. The optimum thickness of the branch pipe of the inspection hole must be at least 2.2 mm.

Tips for choosing

The system must be completed in accordance with the previously compiled project. But due to the fact that the revision for sewer pipes has a specific purpose, it is subject to increased demands.

When choosing a particular model, consider the following factors:

• Material of manufacture. It should be the same as in other elements of the highway. This is important for installation - it will be problematic to ensure a tight connection of cast iron and plastic pipes.
• Diameter. The throughput of this section of the pipeline should not be less than or greater than the others. Therefore, the internal section of the element has the same dimensions as the remaining sewer pipe. Revision can not affect the rate of waste passage.
• Cover design. This element can be removable or stationary. The threaded method of installing the protective cover is often used. Stationary models are attached to the body by means of loops. This design is much more convenient, since there is no possibility of losing the cover.
• Place of installation - external or internal sewerage.

Guided by these criteria, it is possible to choose the optimal design of the revision device, which will meet all the requirements of the sewage system.