Technological scheme: basic concepts

The production process of any kind of product consists of a certain set of actions and operations that allow achieving the final result. It also takes into account the equipment used, the flow lines, mechanized and manual labor, and vehicles. To rationalize the production process and create optimal operating modes at the enterprise, a technological scheme is drawn up, which allows to visually see the entire sequence of product creation.

Principles of compilation

The technological scheme is included in the regulatory documentation of the enterprise (technological regulations), which also includes production methods, technical rules and process conditions, and their order of execution. At the same time, for a certain stage of the whole process, a separate model can be compiled.

This project is a drawing of blocks of all operations connected by arrows, which express the movement of material flows. At the same time, there can be provided forward-return movements, however, in order to rationalize the labor process, technological engineers try to avoid such moments when drawing up the scheme. At the same time, it is important that the technological scheme reflects the specifics of the implementation of the development of a particular product and the conditions for its storage and deployment.

For different processes, circuits can be made in the form of drawings with a digital or alphabetic designation of equipment, and the operations themselves are expressed in the form of geometric figures (triangle, rectangle, circle and others).

Schematic Examples

A simple flow chart can include the following basic operations:

• The organization of receipt of the basic raw materials and auxiliary materials from a warehouse or from suppliers, thus loading and unloading works is considered;
• Initial processing of raw materials;
• Execution of basic operations, with obtaining of basic units, parts or products of intermediate readiness;
• Assembly of parts and assemblies, or final processing of products;
• packaging;
• Shipment to the finished goods warehouse.

Let's consider a concrete case, for example, the technological scheme of bread production can be presented as follows:

1. Preparation and storage of raw materials.
2. Preparation of dough.
3. Processing and preparation of dough products.
4. Baking of blanks.
5. Cooling and preparation for storage (packaging).

Schema software

Various programs are used to draw up production process diagrams. For example, the vector editor CADE, developed for Windows. Here there are various templates, there is also an opportunity to fix the IP address, name and serial number of the manufacturer.

Concept Draw Pro is a simple but very powerful program for drawing diagrams, charts and charts, by dragging and dropping finished symbols with the mouse. Allows you to create any model of processes.

Diagram Designer - this utility, despite its outdated interface, allows you to create a wide variety of circuit models without much difficulty.

At the moment, at any enterprise where production is carried out, a technological scheme is used. This is a mandatory regulatory document that allows you to perform adjustment of technological processes in a rational variant. When compiling technical documentation, the inclusion of this scheme is mandatory.