SDA: maneuvering, the beginning of the movement. Rules of the road for beginners

Learning to drive is not so difficult. On theoretical studies in any driving school provides comprehensive information. And to learn how to ride properly, practice with an instructor. Maneuvering, starting movement, stopping, signals - all this should be learned before you yourself sit behind the wheel.

General Provisions

Before starting to study the rules of the road, a novice driver must deal with the basic provisions. First of all it is necessary to learn such concepts as "highway", "road for cars", "road", "driver", "pedestrian", "bicyclist", "moped", "motorcycle". The information presented in the first section will help you understand the traffic rules more clearly. "Start of movement", "stop", "maneuvering", "speed" - these concepts are less complicated. But the correct definition will also have to be learned. In exam tickets there are questions concerning the main provisions of the rules.

The duties of the driver are the following, which will have to be paid attention. Before you get behind the wheel, everyone should check the completeness of their vehicle (fire extinguisher, medical kit, emergency stop sign), as well as the technical condition of the car. Also the driver should be convinced of availability of the following documents: a certificate for the right to drive a certain category of vehicle, insurance policy, registration document for the car. Drivers with disabilities should take with them on the trip a document proving their state of health. Those who transport cargo, passengers, it is worth checking the availability of a travel sheet and the appropriate license.

Signals supplied by the traffic controller and traffic lights

At the intersections, maneuvering must be carried out in the first place. SDA allocate regulated and unregulated intersections. The first type includes road sections, the sequence of traffic on which is determined by the traffic light and the traffic controller. These signals should be learned by every novice driver. The traffic light is installed most often in those places where traffic is intense. The green signal allows movement along the roadway, yellow or red prohibits.

In case of a traffic light at an intersection, the controller may work. According to his signals, maneuvering can be carried out on the road. The movement is prohibited if the inspector's hand is lifted up. If the hands of the traffic police officer are stretched, you can move from the side of the direction to the right and to the right. The right arm is extended forward - from the left side side it is possible to move on the turn, right, left, right.

Faster to deal with traffic light signals and the traffic controller will help the car driving simulator. The program is available in every driving school.

Alarm

If you had to maneuver and eventually stop in those places where it is forbidden, it is necessary to turn on the emergency light signaling. The same actions should be taken if in case of insufficient illumination outside the city landing is carried out - landing of passengers, as well as in dazzling. The alarm can serve as a warning signal, inform other drivers of the danger on the roadway.

If the machine is faulty (the left turn signal does not work, the brakes or the steering have failed), it must be towed. In this case, the hazard warning light is also activated. If the "emergency" does not work, you can use the emergency stop sign, which is attached to the rear of the vehicle.

Maneuvering, starting movement

Before the start of movement, stopping, turning and turning, the driver should inform other motorists of his intentions. For this, turn indicators are used. The signal is switched on in accordance with the direction of travel. Signals must be submitted in advance, so that other participants could react to the actions of the motorist. It is forbidden to turn on the turns in the event that the actions may not be understood by other drivers.

What should I do if the direction indicators do not work? In this case, the warning signals are given by hand. Turning to the right - the left arm is bent at the elbow and lifted up, turning to the left - the left hand is stretched out exactly in the corresponding direction.

Before the start of the movement, each driver should check the serviceability of the steering, braking system, and clarify the completeness of the vehicle.

Location of transport on the road

Everyone, when driving a car, must move as close as possible to the right side of the road. When can you maneuver? SDA describes cases in which it is allowed to leave the right lane. This can be done by avoiding obstacles, overtaking, turning left or turning. The appropriate lane should be taken while crossing the intersections. Turn left - left lane, right - right lane. Directly you can move from any band, if the restrictions are not set by road signs.

Special requirements are advanced for drivers of trucks with a mass of more than 3.5 tons. If there are three lanes for driving in one direction, such machines can move no further than the second lane. You can take the third band only if it is necessary to turn left or turn.

Any vehicles that can not travel faster than 40 km / h should move only along the extreme lane (right). Restrictions do not apply to cases where it is necessary to go around an obstacle or turn left.

Traveling speed

Statistics indicate that a lot of accidents happen when the driver significantly exceeds the established speed limit. Therefore, the rules provide for certain restrictions. Speedy maneuvering can be performed only by an experienced driver. But even in this case, he must take into account factors such as visibility on the road, safe distance, adhesion to the coating, and so on.

In settlements, each driver, regardless of length of service, should move at a speed not exceeding 60 km / h. Traffic in residential areas - 20 km / h, traffic on motorways - 110 km / h, traffic on roads for cars - 90 km / h. For some vehicles, restrictions may be specified by technical specifications. In addition, regardless of whether the driver is on the road, if he has obtained the rights less than two years ago, he must move at a speed not exceeding 70 km / h.

Overtaking and advancing

Almost every novice driver thinks that troubles on the road will be avoided due to low speed. But anyway, still have to overtake other cars, to go around obstacles. And such maneuvering is the most dangerous. An accident can be avoided if a number of rules are observed. The intention to overtake or bypass the obstacle must be reported to other road users by turning on the left turn signal. Do this in advance. If there is a car in front or behind which has already turned on the appropriate signal, it is impossible to start the maneuver.

Before the start of overtaking or advancing the driver must be sure that it will be safe, it will be possible without any problems to organize a countertrip. To overcome the fear of dangerous maneuvering will help the car driving simulator.

You can not overtake in the following places: at railway crossings and 100 meters in front of them, at intersections, pedestrian crossings, bridges, overpasses, overpasses. Postpone maneuvering should be if visibility is less than 100 meters in at least one direction.

Stop and parking

Any vehicle can be parked in a specially designated place marked with a corresponding traffic sign. If it is not, the machine can be placed on the roadside or at the edge of the carriageway, on the right side. It must be done in such a way that other motorists can maneuver without hindrance. The beginning of the movement must also be carried out in accordance with the rules. Before leaving the parking lot, the driver is convinced that the departure will be safe.

On some sections of roads you can stop at the left edge of the roadway. This is not prohibited if there is only one lane for traffic in each direction. In this case there is no tram line in the middle or a solid line of marking. On the left you can stop on a one-way road, regardless of the number of lanes. Before you start moving, the motorist must make sure that this does not create an obstacle for other participants. Be sure to turn the turn signal in the desired direction.

The passage of unregulated intersections

By special rules, it is necessary to pass intersections in the event that they do not have a traffic light or an operator. It is worth paying attention to the priority signs. If they are absent, the intersection is considered equivalent. Such areas need to pass through the interference on the right. That is, the one with the vehicle on the right is inferior. If the trajectory of motion intersects at the opposite intersection, how should the movement start? Rules of maneuvering indicate that in this case the one who moves to the left is inferior.

At any crossroads, operational vehicles that move with the siren turned on, as well as a flashing beacon of red or blue, have the advantage. If such identification marks are not available, give way to ambulance, the police, the fire department is not necessary.

Traffic on motorways and roads for cars

The motorway is a road, moving along which the driver of a car can accelerate to 110 km / h. It is necessary to comply with a number of rules. You can stand only in specially designated places. Only forced stop is allowed, which can be connected with car breakdown, passenger or driver health. It is always necessary to designate the car (sign or signaling).

There are also restrictions on the minimum speed when driving on a motorway. Vehicles that develop a speed of less than 40 km / h can not travel to such sections of roads. In this case, any cars should move as close as possible to the right edge. Cargo vehicles weighing more than 3.5 tons can not travel to the third lane.

The road for cars marked with the appropriate sign has the same restrictions. The difference is only in the maximum permissible speed (90 km / h).

Lighting devices and sound signals

Regardless of the road lighting, if there is insufficient visibility, as well as in the dark, each driver is required to include the dipped headlights, high beams, parking lights, license plate lights before moving on the car. The car must be visible on the road. It is forbidden to prevent other road users from doing so. It is necessary to switch the main beam to the nearer for 250 meters before the approaching car. This will help avoid blinding the oncoming driver.

In the village, a sound signal should be given only if it is necessary to prevent an accident. Outside the city, the signal can be used to warn about the intention of overtaking or detour.

Transportation of people and goods

In the presence of passengers or cargo, maneuvering by a vehicle is considerably more complicated. Simplify the management of the car will succeed, if you comply with a number of rules. It is worth remembering that transportation should be carried out in accordance with the technical characteristics of the vehicle. The weight of the equipped vehicle must not exceed the maximum permissible value.

Restrictions

If the cargo protrudes beyond the car length by 1 meter, width - by 0.4 meters, it must be marked with white-red flags, and at night or with insufficient visibility - with reflectors. Transportation of dangerous goods is coordinated with the traffic police.