Residential zones are what? Residential area

Urban development in the modern legislation of the Russian Federation has a large list of regulatory acts that regulate this area. Residential zones are territories that are designed and are responsible for the rational and correct placement of housing stock. Here it is necessary to pay attention to the necessity of designing taking into account building norms, programs, forecasts.

Normative regulation

The distribution of territories is carried out on the basis of master plans, which indicate the areas of settlement, the use of the natural component, and also take into account the territorial capabilities of the productive forces. The entire complex of planning, identification of zones, development, etc. is necessary for urban and rural settlements to be as convenient, correctly planned, meeting the requirements of safe living, and also had the ability to develop infrastructure in the territory. In SNiP 2.07.01-89: 2, the definition of "residential area" is defined, rules and requirements are defined, the sequence of actions for the establishment of urban and rural settlements is regulated, and data for the calculations are indicated.

What is the purpose of the territory

Residential territory is a whole complex of objects that are involved in the vital activity of the population. Firstly, it is a housing stock, various purposes buildings, facilities that are needed to form the infrastructure of the city, communal facilities. This includes scientific, educational, industrial facilities for which the equipment of sanitary protection zones and devices is not obligatory. Also it is necessary to place parks, squares, facilities for leisure activities by the population of the city on a residential area. The residential area should have a road component, which includes the presence of a street sphere formed from boulevards, squares, avenues. The list, according to the purpose, should be full in terms of creating maximum conditions for human life.

Taking into account the volumes, as well as the peculiarities of the natural component of the territory, work is underway to create a planning structure for urban and rural settlements. It should consist of a residential sector, places of congestion of a large number of people for the realization of their needs, networks of road use with appropriate communications, landscaped territories. An important criterion for the integrity of the residential area is its rational use, in which all elements should be interconnected in terms of their location, without violating the residential landscape.

Features of territory planning

In order to make the living residential area comfortable for living, the area was rationally used, as well as for making calculations necessary for the construction of certain objects, the SNiP contains a number of rules that must be taken into account when planning the territory.

Need of population in housing

To determine the size of the territory should be guided by the need to provide a separate family apartment for living or a private home. In this case it is necessary to take into account the data on the average composition of the family living in the given locality (region). Housing construction should provide for the calculation of the need for volumes of premises, types of houses, buildings, structures, the availability and the ability of the population to invest their own funds for construction.

Permitted areas for building

Areas of development of individual housing in the selection of the territory have a number of features. If this is a city feature, then, in addition to free sites, places are used where construction of multi-storey buildings is not possible. Also used for private housing construction of the area of territories intended for the reconstruction of the previously built up residential sector. In a suburban area, individual housing construction is carried out in the reserved areas that lead to the urban area, and newly created settlements outside the urban area should be within transport access at a distance of not more than 30-40 minutes from the central district.

Participation of the long-term plan in the implementation of the proposed development

When planning and providing areas for estate development, it is necessary to ensure that the prospect of a built-up area is not located on the site of construction of multi-storey residential buildings. To create settlements with individual houses, it is necessary to provide for their normal functioning, planting of greenery, the creation of internal infrastructure, the road network, the availability of health care facilities, education, as well as an efficient sphere of rendering services for the population.

Requirements for individual settlement areas

In addition to the main points that are defined in the SNiP, it is necessary to take into account certain features. The residential area is not only a housing stock, but also the availability of historical facilities, the living of people with disabilities associated with health, and the fate of disadvantaged regions, in terms of instability of nature.

So, in the populated areas it is necessary to secure and preserve architectural monuments of historical and cultural value. This requirement applies to buildings and structures that have a particular architectural appearance. When planning the residential area, it is important to take into account the planning structure of the buildings under special protection, as well as to reconstruct historical zones, taking into account the preservation of these facilities.

According to topographical and other data, which carry information about the seismic state of the territories, a policy of dispersal of objects entering the residential areas is determined. This requirement concerns unstable areas, where the dismembered planning structure of cities is applied, providing for the placement of objects with a certain dispersal from each other.

Another element, which includes the creation of a full-fledged residential region, is the provision of accessibility in various spheres of life to persons with disabilities. Planning and placement of facilities should provide facilities for disabled people and persons with limited mobility.

Development of the city

As the city grows larger, its population is people, the territory becomes multifunctional. In addition to locating the objects that form the urban settlement, there are not only residential areas. These are industrial and forest areas. The first are responsible for the organization and filling of the city with industrial facilities. The second ones are designed for mass recreation, sporting events, entertainment, etc. The forest park area is located around the city and is served to maintain order and create conditions for the population. With regard to industrial facilities, it is worth taking into account in the formation and settlement of the city that this area is the main source of pollution of the environment.

Proceeding from what has been said, it can be concluded that the zones from which a city or a populated area consists should be located taking into account its purpose. When calculating and planning, it is necessary to arrange the zones so that they work in interaction, without interfering with each other, without creating further problems, while at the same time developing a system infrastructure for the full life of the city and the population.

Summarizing

Residential zones are the main formers of multifunctional infrastructure facilities. According to the normative acts of the Russian Federation, there are many rules, requirements, restrictions and features that must be taken into account in planning. Essential is the relationship with other zones that will become necessary, important, necessary for the population and life of the whole region. It is literate calculation of the residential area, taking into account the legislative regulation, will create a city or a settlement that will fully fulfill its functions, which in future will exclude the formation of negative factors and irreparable mistakes in the development of the territory. That is why the whole range of departments responsible for the sphere of development and formation of cities is engaged in this direction, which uses a huge mass of scientific, technical resources to create, prosper, build, expand the territory.