Meshchansky District. A modern view of history

District Meschanskiy - relatively A small administrative education in the northern part of the center of Moscow. But if you want to bypass it on foot, although everyone now prefers cars, it will be quite difficult.

How to get there

Eight subway stations lead to the right place (Kuznetsky Most, Rizhskaya, Dostoevskaya, Sukharevskaya, Lubyanka, Prospekt Mira, Trubnaya), six trolleybuses (No. 48, No. 48k, №9, №14, №42, №37), whose lines pass through the ground part, the bus and two tram routes (№19, №7). Transportation without interruptions serves the district Meshchansky. There are only twenty-one main streets. Historical names are preserved except for some. The first Meshchanskaya street was renamed into Prospekt Mira. However, at the very beginning of the avenue, it does not at all resemble, since it is too narrow and built up by low buildings. Well, what to do is a historical center, which in every major city consists of narrow streets. Another thing - the Olympic Avenue - is wide and spacious, which originates from the Garden Ring. On one of its sides there is, as a toy, the theater of Durov, and on the other side on a high hill is the mosque, which was the only mosque in Moscow under the Soviet regime. But we must start in order.

When and how this area arose

The first mention of Moscow is connected with the place that much later will be called the district Meshchansky, or rather, when Yuri Dolgoruky on the lands of Stepan Kuchka in the area somewhere between the Lubyanka Square and the Sretensky Gates gave a vow in 1147, he also ordered to build a small fortress In the mouth of the Neglinka River. It was also called Samoteka. Mills were built on its banks and fish were caught. Through it, bridges were built - Kuznetsk, Petrovsky, Voskresensky and Troitsky. In the era of Catherine II, the river was taken into the pipes underground, only the street with this name remained - Neglinnaya. Moscow was built and grew by those about whom now they say "come in large numbers here." In the 1670s along the tracts leading to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery, the Belarusians, Poles, Lithuanians began to settle, who called their places, cities, "people", those who live in them - "meschanes", which the Russian language transformed into "Philistines". So there was a district Meshchansky, and, more precisely, a settlement Meshchanskaya. Residents mainly engaged in crafts and traded. Compared with other residents of Moscow, they had a more Western and advanced method of managing their settlement. They had a governance based on elections. Peter I also put his hand to the changes in this place. By his decree, the Aptekarsky Garden was created - Moscow's first botanical garden and a place for festivities. He still surprises visitors, for example, with flowering orchids, which amaze with the aromas of cherry, marzipan, chocolate or almond oil and a variety of colors, sizes of flowers. In addition, residents could walk along Sretensky, Tsvetnoy and Rozhdestvensky Boulevards, as well as the Catherine Garden. Much later the Festival Park appeared .

Sretensky Monastery

Sretensky Monastery (14th century) - one of the oldest buildings that controlled the Yaroslavl road and was part of a chain of defensive monasteries. He was often visited by Ivan Vasilyevich Grozny, he was also revered by Mikhail Romanov. With the money given to them, new cells and the corps were built. From the original buildings to this day preserved Sretensky Cathedral and monastery cells (built 17-18 centuries). Now it is a newly functioning monastery, where restoration work is under way and new cells are being built. The publishing house at the monastery produces not only Orthodox but artistic and historical literature.

Christmas monastery

The Nativity Monastery is a convent built in the 14th century. By the beginning of the 20th century, a parochial school for girls and an orphanage were opened here. But in the years of Soviet power it was closed, silver garments from the icons were taken out, communal apartments were built in the cells, the walls of the monastery were demolished. At the end of the 20th century the life of the monastery revived. It is assumed that Perov wrote his famous "Three" either in China Town, or at the walls of the Nativity Monastery. And this is the Meshchansky district of the city of Moscow.

Briefly about the rest of the sights

The chambers of the Khovansky princes are an ancient construction, which can be photographed only from outer space. And, although modern architects were preparing a restoration project, they are not given a building, it is occupied by FSB services.

The town manor of Count Rostopchin, who was the governor of Moscow in 1812. A beautiful building that collapses, despite the fact that it is in the very center - Bolshaya Lubyanka Street, Meshchansky District, Moscow.

Sandunovskie baths are perfectly preserved and function to this day.

Architectural Institute and the Theater School. Shchepkina is also located in the Meshchansky district.

Famous for the whole country, first aid to them. Sklifosovsky and the MONIKI hospital are also the Meshchansky district of the Central Administrative District.

Conclusion

The huge reconstructed "Children's World", the Fashion Houses, the buildings built according to the projects of Kazakova, Bazhenov, Quarenghi, the huge sports complex "Olympic" and many other interesting objects can be met while walking along the Meshchansky district. This place is worthy to visit.