Pulse 100 - is this normal? Blood pressure and pulse: norm

Pulse is one of the most important indicators of human health. Along with arterial pressure, it reflects possible malaises and disruptions in the functioning of the cardiovascular system and the entire body as a whole. The timely measurements of these indicators will prompt you whether you are all right or should consult a doctor for further diagnostic procedures and selection of treatment. Let's find out what blood pressure and pulse are, how these indicators are measured, and what their norms are. And also discuss why they are elevated and downgraded and what it can threaten.

Blood pressure and pulse. Indicator rate

By arterial pressure is understood the force of the action of blood on the walls of blood vessels. In systole, the heart contracts and throws out a new portion of blood. The pressure is increased. And in diastole, as a result of relaxation of the heart muscle, on the contrary, it decreases. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure reflects the work of the cardiovascular system. Measure it with a special device - a tonometer, on both hands in turn. The optimal values are 120/80 mm. Gt; Art. But other values of blood pressure that vary within normal limits, for example, 110/70 or 115/75 mm, are also acceptable. Gt; Art. and etc. Too low (90/50 mm Hg) or high indices (140/100 mm Hg) is a compelling reason for contacting a doctor.

Definition of the concept of "pulse"

Pulse refers to the jerky vibrations of the walls of blood vessels, arising from changes in their blood filling due to the contractile work of the heart. Doctors distinguish three types of pulse:

• capillary;
• venous;
• arterial.

The first type is the oscillation of the walls of small vessels - capillaries. Diagnose it without using special equipment, on the eyes, in a healthy person is almost impossible. The capillary pulse is examined to identify certain diseases. For example, it can increase in the presence of heart disease - aortic insufficiency.

Venous pulse

The second, venous type of pulse is defined as the oscillation of the walls of the main veins (for example, the jugular ones) located close to the heart. It is caused by a change in the volume and pressure of blood in them. In small and medium veins located at a distance from the ventricles, pulsation is not recorded. To measure the venous pulse, two methods are used: invasive, using phlebotonomer, and non-invasive. If the doctor marks a positive, that is, pronounced, pulsation of the jugular veins at the examination, this may indicate a heart condition. Often it is noted in the pathological expansion of the valve between the right ventricle and the right atrium and can speak of paroxysmal atrioventricular tachycardia.

Pulse is arterial. Concept and types

The arterial pulse is the oscillation of the walls of the arteries. It is divided into a peripheral, palpable on the vessels of the limbs, and central - on the aorta, carotid and subclavian arteries. Increasing or decreasing arterial pulse give important information about blood circulation, heart function (tachycardia, heart failure) and the general condition of the subject. Next, we will talk about methods for measuring the frequency of the arterial pulse. Also, let's talk about its normal performance for different age categories of patients. And, finally, answer the important question: "Pulse - 100. Is this normal?".

Palpation as the main method of investigation

Most often, the procedure for measuring the pulse rate is carried out on the radial artery. The hand of the examinee is clasped by the hand in the place of the wrist joint, with all the fingers, except the large one, placed on the front surface of the radius bone. The thumb is on the back of the forearm. Feeling the vessel, it is pressed against the underlying bone with two (three) fingers, which makes it possible to feel an impetuous increase in the volume of the radial artery. Study of the pulse is carried out on two hands and determine the frequency of pulse strokes. In addition, their rhythm, tension, filling, height and speed are evaluated. The frequency of oscillation of the walls of the arteries is investigated by the method of calculating pulse strokes with a correct rhythm for 30 seconds (then the result is multiplied by 2) and, if incorrect, in 60 seconds. In infants, the temporal arteries are palpable for pulse measurement. In some cases, carotid or femoral arteries are examined to assess the frequency of vascular oscillations. Graphic recording of oscillations in the walls of large peripheral vessels is provided by sphygmography, and pulsed oscillations of small ones are examined by rheography or plethysmography. At home, pulse-rate meters are used to measure the heart rate.

The pulse rate in different age categories

So, we looked at what blood pressure and pulse are. The norm of these values, as we now know, can vary among different people. This is due to theindividual features of the functioning of the organism. The pulse at rest, lying down, in healthy people should be from 60 to 80 beats per minute. In the standing position, the frequency of the oscillation of the vessel walls is usually increased by 5-15 beats per minute. With an increase in body temperature by one degree, the heart rate also increases by 8-10 strokes in 60 seconds. In women, the pulse per minute is on average 6-8 strokes more often than in men of similar age. People who are actively involved in sports and are constantly receiving prolonged cardio-operations, the pulse rate is 35-50 beats per minute. This is because the cardiac muscle of professional athletes develops, it becomes strong and can pump more blood. In children under one year, the frequency of vascular wall vibrations is 120-140 beats per minute. Such high rates are explained by intensive metabolism. With the growth of the child, his pulse gradually slows down. In two years, the frequency of fluctuations in the walls of the arteries should normally be 110-115 beats per minute, in three years - 105-110. At the age of four, the pulse of 100 is normal, in the seven-year period it is 85-90. By the age of 14, its value drops to 75 beats per minute. In older people, the frequency of vascular wall vibrations may be less than 60 beats per minute.

The pulse rate when carrying a child

During pregnancy, women undergo major changes necessary to maximize the growth of the fetus with oxygen and nutrients. The heart of the future mother begins to work in an increased rhythm, pumping more blood. His stroke volume is significantly increased to the second trimester. Many women complain that their heart beats very fast, and the pulse - more than 100 beats per minute. This condition is called physiological tachycardia. By the third trimester, the pulse rate can reach maximum values of 110, and even 115 beats per minute. Many women begin to panic, seeing that their heart beats too fast, and ask themselves the question: "Pulse 100 - is it normal?". In fact, you should not worry. Physicians argue that physiological tachycardia is a mechanism that allows the fetus to fully develop and feed in the mother's womb. A significant increase in the pulse during pregnancy does not harm either the mother or the baby. Pulse 100 is normal in the second and third trimester. Referral to a specialist may be required only if the tachycardia is accompanied by other unpleasant symptoms - nausea, vomiting, dizziness, dehydration. This may indicate a violation of cardiac activity. Some pregnant women, on the contrary, feel a significant decrease in the pulse, which can be accompanied by general weakness, fainting, a drop in blood pressure. In this case, you should also consult a doctor.

Abnormal and slower heart rate

In an adult healthy person, a significant decrease in the frequency of vascular wall vibrations (less than 60 beats per minute) may be an indicator of various pathological conditions. Reduction of the pulse occurs in the presence of hypothyroidism, mechanical jaundice and with increased intracranial pressure. The pathological decrease in the pulse rate (less than 40 beats in 60 seconds) may be an indicator of a violation of the cardiac muscle - weakness of the sinus node, sinoauric blockade, extrasystole. Bradycardia can threaten with serious disorders, because the limbs and organs will not get the right amount of oxygen. Typical signs of abnormal pulse loss are lethargy, dizziness, weakness, fainting. In such a situation, a specialist consultation is required!

A significant increase in heart rate - a pathological tachycardia accompanied by malaise - may also indicate the presence of any diseases. A person can have such unpleasant symptoms as a feeling of lack of air, chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness. Pulse 100 - is this normal in this case? No, this may indicate anemia, thyroid disease, disturbances in the conductivity of the pulse between the ventricle and atria, dehydration and vegetovascular dystonia.

Rapid pulse 100. What should I do?

An increase in the frequency of oscillations of the vascular walls in conjunction with other unpleasant symptoms should encourage any person to undergo a medical examination. During the diagnostic procedures, the cause of the rapid pulse (100 or more beats per minute) will be detected, and the doctor will prescribe the necessary therapy to slow the rhythm of the heartbeats. In addition to drug treatment, preventive measures should also be carried out, including a review of their diet. Give up caffeine (coffee, energy drinks, etc.) and alcohol. Stop smoking and start exercising. Aerobic exercise is especially useful - it trains and develops the heart muscle and lungs. If necessary, try to get rid of excess weight. Take care of your health in order to avoid the appearance of pathological tachycardia and bradycardia. So, if you have a rapid pulse (100) - what to do, you now know. And remember, measuring blood pressure and heart rate is the key to your health.