Public speech: the main types

Public speech and its content will depend on the purpose and main objectives of the speech. In addition, the venue, the features of the audience and the preparedness of the speaker are also important characteristics. Let's consider this problem in more detail.

The following types of public speech are distinguished:

• Information;

• Persuading;

• Special.

Information public speech contains new data that will ensure their understanding and facilitate memorization. It is the most common form of communication available in modern society.

In order for an oral public speech to be successful, the speaker should take into account the characteristics of awareness, as well as the intellectual preparedness of the audience. Based on this, the speaker will be able to choose one of the main types of information speech for the speech:

• An explanation when information about the phenomenon is given;

• An instruction containing information about the method and procedure for action;

• Reporting of facts and events;

• The statement of one's own point of view;

• A report containing a detailed communication on a specific topic;

• The report, which provides information on the work done, which is supplemented by actual and digital material.

Persuasive public speech has as its goal the impact on the feelings and consciousness of the audience, as well as a change in the behavior of listeners. The speaker must take into account the receptivity, as well as the emotional atmosphere of the audience. Convince the listeners will not be easy. Therefore, it is recommended to use logical arguments, refuting "unprofitable" judgments. Genre varieties are debates, statements, speeches at a rally and so on.

A special public speech is intended for a special event. It is characterized by a number of features:

• The presence of a special occasion;

• Individualization;

• Brevity;

• Simplicity of language;

• High emotional mood.

In a special speech there should be no information that listeners can regard as controversial and controversial. There are several of its types: mourning, protocol; Informal and solemn. Let us consider them in more detail.

Protocol speech is recommended to "frame" the event (response word, greeting, parting words, response speech and so on).

Funeral should contain words of farewell, and also be distinguished by an obligatory component - support words, which indicate condolences to relatives, merits of the deceased and the role of his activities.

Solemn speech is made about an event (a holiday, an anniversary, the delivery of insignia, an official meeting, an opening ceremony, etc.).

The informal is used in a free and public setting. The most common form is toast speech. It has a number of features. First, in the initial part, mention is made of some fact, details or event. Secondly, the highlighted situation should be brought to a climax. Thirdly, in the denouement, the subject of the message is indicated.

As reality shows, a successful toast is always unexpected. Audiences are not advised to guess in advance about its subject matter. But the ultimate goal of toast is most often the traditional value orientations (love, health, success, prosperity); Cooperation and satisfaction from the joint work done; Recognition of the most striking and characteristic personal qualities of the person to whom these words are intended, and so on.

The manager needs to be always ready to say any toast. Therefore, it is recommended that the manager prepare thematic variants of constantly changing toasts.

In order to be successful, you must be able to speak public speech, constantly working on this skill.