Project activity in primary school. Inclusion of projects in the training program

Project activity in primary school has long been not an innovation in the world education system, however, in our country, the use of this method was laid not so long ago. To date, the relevance of this method of education is explained and related to the fact that the existing modern education system in Russia, giving skills and knowledge to students, does not involve their synthesis and application in practice.

The project activity of junior schoolchildren can be effectively applied, not replacing the existing education system, but organically expanding it and supplementing it. The project activity in the school assumes the construction of a series of interrelated projects on the basis of the curriculum, which are connected with the implementation of the solution of various practical life tasks.

Thus, to fulfill each project, the student will need to solve a number of interrelated tasks that are directly related to real being. At the same time, the student needs the ability to coordinate his efforts and the efforts of others. To perform specific tasks and do the work, the child will need to acquire the necessary knowledge himself, which will only contribute to their assimilation.

The project activity in the primary school effectively contributes to the child's versatile development, his upbringing and education, as well as the development of creative abilities and the ability to adapt to the socio-economic conditions of existence. Schoolchildren form cognitive motives for learning, as children see the final results of their activities, which elevate them in their own image of themselves and cause the desire to improve their skills, knowledge and personal qualities.

Project activities in primary school form the following skills for children:

- to determine the ultimate goal of the activity, to carry out its planning, to correlate the final and intermediate goals with the results of the activity and to control them;

- perform the developmental mental operations, laid down by the composition of the project activity;

- to conduct experiments and observations. To build simple objects and models of the surrounding world for consideration.

In order to realize all the tasks of the development of the child put into the program of activities, it is necessary to think carefully about the themes of the projects. The provided subject material must have a sound logical dependence and consistency. The organization of educational cognitive activity of children should be arranged in such a way so that it reflects the logic of scientific activity. Such work prepares children for a deeper study of the sciences. Consequently, the school children's arming with the method of scientific knowledge is of particular importance. However, do not forget that the activities of students should be independent.

Let's give a small example for clarity of understanding of the structure of the project activity. The teacher informs the class of the project theme - "The variety of mushrooms", on which it is proposed to make a book for children. Further schoolchildren discuss what they would like to do the book, how to design it, what to include in the content. Then each student takes the task - to find and bring information about a certain type of fungus and come up with the design of the material. The next day, the students share the information they receive and break up into groups that will take care of the book, writing an introductory article, compiling the rules of the mushroom picker and thinking through the presentation of the project. After performing group tasks, the results of the work are discussed by the whole class, the teacher evaluates the work of each of the students. On the final day, a presentation of the project is held among the students of the junior school, in order to draw the listeners' attention to the project.

Such work has a positive impact on the development of children, therefore, project activities in primary school should become an obligatory part of the educational process.