Nephrology is ... Nephrology in Pediatrics

Currently, there are a large number of different branches of medicine. One of the most important among them is nephrology. This area of medicine is of tremendous importance, since it allows you to fight against serious diseases. At the same time nephrology is a fairly new and dynamically developing sphere of medical knowledge

Importance of industry

Nephrology is an area of medicine that deals with the causes of origin, developmental principles, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and ways of treating kidney diseases. At present, it is developing very dynamically. The fact is that nephrology is a very important science, because it allows you to fight with serious diseases. In the event that you do not pay attention to these ailments, then very soon the person's life will change for the worse, as kidney failure can develop.

Who is a nephrologist?

Reviews about the specialized departments for treating the kidneys are the best. The fact is that there are nephrologists working there. These specialists are well versed in the pathology of the kidneys. Thanks to them, it is possible to solve even the most difficult situations connected with these bodies.

What diseases the nephrologist treats

This specialist is engaged in the fight against kidney disease. The main among them are the following:

• Pyelonephritis;
• Glomerulonephritis;
• urolithiasis disease;
• Malignant neoplasms of the kidneys;
• Systemic diseases with lesion of kidney tissue.

At the same time, nephrology is a branch of medicine that has a large number of connections with other areas of medicine.

Relationship with urology

The closest contacts with nephrologists are with urologists. The fact is that the doctors of both these specialties are engaged in the fight against diseases of the urinary system. In those cases when stones are present in urolithiasis not in the kidneys themselves, but in the ureter, such a patient will be dealt with by urologists.

The contiguity of specialties is also in the fact that, in many renal infections, pathogenic microorganisms continue to spread to the urinary system. It is also possible to reverse the process, when healthy kidneys are affected by bacteria from the ureter.

Relationship with rheumatology

With many systemic diseases kidneys are involved in the pathological process. This causes sclerotic changes. In the event that a significant amount of parenchyma is involved in this process, renal failure occurs. This condition is quite dangerous, because with urine, a lot of harmful substances are released from the blood. If this process is disrupted, then the phenomenon of intoxication will increase, which is very dangerous.

If the fact of the presence of kidney damage is established as a result of the development of systemic diseases, then the patient is not only engaged in a nephrologist, but also a rheumatologist. This specialist is capable, if not to eliminate the cause of the appearance of these ailments, then at least to reduce the rate of their progression and the severity of clinical manifestations.

Connection with oncology

In those cases, if the development of malignant neoplasm is detected in the kidney tissue, an oncologist is needed. Moreover, in the future, this specialist will be engaged in the management of the patient. In most cases, an operation is performed to remove the affected kidney. Most often, surgical treatment is successful and the patient continues to live the same life. At the same time, he, of course, has to protect the remaining kidney.

Nephrology: children and adults

Currently, there are 2 types of nephrological departments: adults and children. Each of them has its own peculiarities. For example, pediatric nephrology requires the availability of specialized equipment, so that quality care can be provided even to the smallest patients. Nephrology in pediatrics occupies an important place. It is for this reason that there are whole centers that solve the treatment of kidney pathology in children.

The Department of Nephrology for Adults includes equipment for the diagnosis of various renal diseases. The main methods used here are:

• Ultrasound examination of the kidneys;
• Excretory urography;
• general urine analysis;
• Analysis of urine by Nichiporenko;
• Urine analysis in Zimnitskiy ;
• Test of Reberg.

The nephrologist himself establishes a list of necessary studies and on the basis of their results, as well as clinical data, gives a diagnosis.

About pyelonephritis

The most common diseases that the nephrologist has to face are exactly pyelonephritis. This ailment develops if there is a significant increase in the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the kidney tissue.

There are 2 varieties of pyelonephritis - acute and chronic. The first form is characterized by an increase in temperature up to 39-40 ^o C, as well as quite pronounced pain in the lumbar region. As for chronic pyelonephritis, it is rarely accompanied by hyperthermia. The temperature, if it rises, reaches only subfebrile (up to 38 ^о С) figures. Usually exacerbation of this disease is accompanied by pain or a sense of discomfort in the lumbar region.

The fact of the presence of pyelonephritis is better established by the analysis of urine by Nichiporenko. A large number of leukocytes are found in the sample. Treatment of pyelonephritis is based on the use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

About glomerulonephritis

This disease most often has an autoimmune etiology. His treatment requires serious therapy. Usually it is carried out by a specialized nephrology clinic. It is best to undergo treatment in a hospital. The fact is that there is everything necessary to control the patient's recovery.

The basis of therapy glomerulonephritis - a glucocorticosteroid drugs and immunosuppressants. These drugs have a fairly large number of side effects. So the therapy of glomerulonephritis should be conducted under the constant supervision of specialists.

Urolithiasis and nephrologist

Comments on the treatment of ICD in nephrologic departments are the most positive. This disease can deliver a lot of unpleasant feelings to any person. The main symptom is severe back pain. Sometimes it can become simply intolerable. In this case, it is customary to talk about kidney colic. Such a pain is considered one of the most powerful. For its relief, analgesics and antispasmodics are used. This condition should be treated in a hospital.

In the event that the stone is large enough, it is possible to conduct an operative intervention. Sometimes such concrements are crushed by ultrasonic waves. In this case kidney nephrology will relieve a serious illness without surgical operations.

Malignant neoplasms of the kidneys

This disease is very dangerous. In this case, it often becomes an accidental finding during ultrasound examination of the kidneys. In the event that the malignant neoplasm is not removed quickly enough, the process can not simply progress, but also pass to nearby lymph nodes, as well as neighboring organs. At present, the oncologist deals with the treatment of such a disease, first of all. Consultation of the nephrologist here is optional.

Acute and chronic renal failure

By themselves, kidney disease, except for malignant neoplasms, is not particularly dangerous. The main significance here is the disruption of the function of urination and urination. The fact is that in this case an intoxication develops in the human body. In the blood accumulate harmful substances. If intoxication will increase, it can lead to a significant deterioration in the state of the human body, up to a lethal outcome.

When to call a nephrologist

To this specialist it is necessary to make an appointment for a consultation in the event that there were pains in the lower back. Particularly good indication that it is a matter of kidney pathology, is a previous (1-2 weeks ago) illness of the upper respiratory tract. It will be very good at first to pass a urinalysis on Nichiporenko. So you can save time and money, because after the first visit to the nephrologist, he will still send for this study to confirm the diagnosis.

In addition, you should register for a consultation with such a specialist in the event that the color of urine has changed. It should also be remembered that an important criterion for the condition of the kidneys is the amount of its production. In a healthy person, this indicator is at the level of 1000 - 1500 ml. If there are any deviations in this indicator, you should visit the nephrologist.