Modern noise absorbing materials

Life in a modern city has a negative impact on health. Constant stress, poor environmental conditions and regular noise can make it difficult to rest. An increased level of anxiety affects the psychological state of a person. Therefore, noise-absorbing materials are widely used.

This type of material mainly consists of spongy and foamed components. They, thanks to the porosity of the structure, do not reflect sound, but absorb it into themselves.

Scope of application

Today, a lot of soundproof materials are used for industrial, residential, cultural and entertainment spaces, as well as for cars.

In cars, often, along with noise-absorbing materials, vibration-insulating products are used.

In industrial premises, sound insulation is installed in accordance with the prescribed GOSTs for working premises.

Sound-absorbing materials are widely used in the construction of various sports facilities. Active movement and blows when working sports equipment and training with the ball create a characteristic sound background. In these rooms, soundproofing and shock absorbing materials are used, which absorb a variety of waves well.

Soundproof materials are used for rooms that work with acoustic devices. These are recording studios, concert halls and cinemas.

Also, sound-absorbing materials are used for residential buildings. When constructing modern houses, often not very high quality noise insulation is laid. Therefore, it is necessary to take additional measures to improve it, to ensure a comfortable living.

Types of noise and their isolation

In each case, a certain material is used. Its appearance depends on the type of noise produced. There are three types of noise.

1. Air noises create a variety of household appliances, cars and loud conversations. To protect against this type of sound is effective multi-layer noise insulation of the ceiling. It can be soft fibrous materials from mineral wool and glass wool. They are laid in the frame system and are hemmed with plasterboard. Also help from air noise can stretch ceilings and acoustic suspended ceilings, which have a noise-reducing effect and are completely environmentally safe.

2. Shock noises are felt when exposed to overlap. They can appear during repair work and children's games. In this case, noise-absorbing panels for the ceiling with a special closed cellular structure can help. Also, various porous materials are used, but they must be laid on the floor, then the ceiling of the lower room will be protected from noise. Cork, rubberized substrates, composite material or expanded polystyrene can be used for this. The main thing is to create a floating floor, consisting of several layers.

3. Structural noises are created when the main load-bearing structures are connected without using noise insulation materials. Then the noise effect will spread throughout the building, regardless of the source of the occurrence. It's much more difficult to cope with this type of noise. To protect the joints of load-bearing structures, it is necessary to purchase a cushioning material. It can be an elastomeric material, a fiberglass or a vibroacoustic sealant.

Sound absorbing materials

To effectively eliminate various sound noise in three directions - ceilings, walls and floor - various noise absorbing material is used. For walls, such protection is especially important. For example, in panel houses, the majority of noise penetrates through the walls, even the quiet crying of a child is heard . This leads to an unbalanced state and conflicts with neighbors. Therefore, the most common for soundproofing walls are dense sound absorbing panels.

Depending on the degree of hardness of the material,

1. Soft materials for insulation. Their basis is cotton wool, glass wool, felt or jute. The absorption coefficient is 70%. Advantage - a small bulk density - 70 kg / m ³ ;
2. Semi-rigid materials. It is pressed mineral wool or fiberglass in the form of slabs. Either the materials are cellular in structure (for example, polyurethane foam). The coefficient of sound insulation is 50-75%. Bulk weight - 80-130 kg / m ³ ;
3. Solid materials. Their basis is granulated or suspended mineral wool. Sound absorption - 50%. The volumetric mass is 400 kg / m ³ .

Sound attenuation of "sandwich" type

Sound-absorbing materials in such systems are laid out in multiple layers. That is, the design consists of rigid layers outside, dense and soft inside.

Hard layers can be made from overlap slabs or plasterboard sheets. In this case, the sound insulation is directly proportional to their density. A dense soft material acts as a sound absorber. It is already mentioned glass wool or other materials with fibrous structure. The thickness of the material, as a rule, is not less than 5 cm. The material should fill the space inside at least half.

What are noise-absorbing products

There are many ready-made noise-absorbing products. For example, panels. They are used for all kinds of protective screens and for soundproofing the surfaces of the room. The panel consists of a frame, inside which is a special noise-absorbing insert. This insert contains noise-absorbing elements made of cermet or foam aluminum.

In the arsenal of materials to combat noise are presented noise-absorbing fences. They come from concrete, profiled sheeting, and can be concrete fences. Monolithic fences are made of blocks, stone or brick. Concrete fences are installed very quickly and have increased functionality. They can be made of decorative concrete. Sound-absorbing properties of the fence from the corrugated board are weaker than concrete or monolithic. But they are more affordable.

A good way to eliminate the noise effect inside the room is the noise-damping door. The interior door in the apartment serves as a thermal and noise isolator. The effective noise insulation of door constructions consists of the following important factors:

- Door material: glass inserts, solid wood, canvas with filler.

- The design of the canvas: swinging, sliding, folding.

- The tightness of the door module, which creates the necessary tightness.

Summary

In the modern market there is a huge amount of means for eliminating noise. These are materials used both indoors and outdoors. Therefore, it is very important to approach the issue of noise isolation. After all, correctly selected and installed sound-absorbing materials can keep a calm and comfortable environment in any room.