Modern electric arc welding

Modern technology of electric arc welding implies the control of the burner or the electrode itself, the manipulation of various devices, the established welding regime, and also the operating mode, which affects the quality of the seam connection. However, the influence is exerted by a significantly greater number of factors, such as the quality and composition of the electrodes and other welding materials used, the state of surface treatment and the preliminary preparation of materials.

Welding seams can be made in different spatial positions, be the most diverse sizes and shapes. Conditional classification includes lower, ceiling, vertical and horizontal seam positions.

Arc welding with metal electrodes with a specialized coating is one of the most modern methods that are used for the production of welded structures in industrial plants. This type of welding allows you to perform all the required jobs in a mobile, simple and in a fairly short time. Hard-to-reach places are no longer a problem - manual electric arc welding allows you to connect the required parts.

However, like any other joining method, this type has some drawbacks. The most significant of them is the low productivity of the process being performed and the direct dependence of the quality of the seam on the skill and skill of the welding specialist.

Electric arc welding at the time of its appearance was carried out using electrodes made of various metals coated with a thin ionizing layer. This increased the stability and reliability of the arc discharge. Nevertheless, the characteristics of the suture joint were low. Modern manufacturers do not use similar technologies and try to increase the productivity of welding processes.

A limited application was found in 2 ways: welding with a thickened electrode and connecting the parts with a three-phase arc discharge. However, they both have more flaws than advantages, among them the fast fatigue of the welder, increased mass-dimensions and low productivity.

The next method is arc welding in the bath. The melting of metals is effected by two factors: heat from the electric arc and heat generated by the superheated liquid metal in the bath. Welding starts from the bottom, while the lower edges of the welded parts are melted. Until the very end of the process, the metal in the bath must remain in the molten state. In this case, the weld fusion occurs at a level that is slightly higher than the surface of the welded products. Increased productivity is achieved through the use of electrodes, which are covered with iron-containing powder.

Electric arc welding with a great depth of penetration of parts increases the productivity due to the considerable amount of penetration of the part by current. For this purpose, special electrodes are used, which can withstand all expected loads. Welding occurs at current values close to the maximum. The penetration value is controlled by the angle of inclination of the electrode, as well as the speed of its movement relative to the part.