Firms are the producer of most of the goods consumed by society and the main consumer of resources owned by households. This is well known to us from the course of economic theory. Thus, the firm is a kind of machine, on which useful parts are extracted from blanks, usually not suitable for final consumption. On the one hand, the company receives resources (raw materials, equipment, knowledge and work of workers), and on the other hand, goods, products intended for sale are released.

It can be concluded that the basis of the work of any firm is the pooling of resources and the subsequent sale of finished goods. One of the tools that provides adequate movement of resources, and there is management. How does this happen? Are there ready-made recipes for increasing management effectiveness? My work is devoted to these questions.

It is clear that machines, vehicles, computers do not produce anything by themselves. Even the most advanced Japanese robots can not yet collect equipment without operator control, and cars on autopilot are still being developed by young German engineers. In any company, whether it is a machine-building plant-giant or a small shoe shop, people are all running it. People do all the work, people use all the tools and means of production, people work with customers and suppliers.

Thus, the firm can be characterized as a system of organically combining economic relations of employees, owners and management. That is, in order to ensure an effective and harmonious work of the company, it is necessary to achieve the appropriate work of people connected with the firm: employees, suppliers, partners and customers.

One of the most important components of the company's management is the organization of labor of employees. In this direction there are several main tasks:

• Achieve high labor efficiency;
• Counteract opportunistic behavior of workers;
• To ensure the optimal staffing.

From the solution of these problems depends first of all the cost price of the finished product: the more effective the work, the higher the quality and the lower the costs. Thus, a product made by a more responsible and professional worker acquires a tangible advantage over competitors.

Another equally important component of effective management is the organization of transparent and mutually beneficial work with partners and clients.

As you know, firms actively use tools of commercial credit, loans, bank loans and so on. Thus, close ties of mutual obligations arise between business entities. At the same time, the enterprise's accounts receivable and accounts payable , as a rule, do not coincide either in maturity or in size. A competent comparison of debts to the firm and the debts of the firm is the daily work of management.

In addition to the regulation of debts and liabilities, work with suppliers and customers includes activities to find a supplier and buyer, to develop compromise, mutually beneficial solutions and contracts. A special place is taken by the process of ensuring the sale of goods, developing a marketing strategy.

During the XIX-XX centuries. The conceptual basis of the company underwent major changes. So, there was an enlargement of firms, a division of property and management. Accordingly, management schemes and structures also changed.

Thus, during the twentieth century, management moved from a vertical hierarchy, subordination of one structural unit of another to more flexible horizontal structures. So, in recent times, relatively new design and matrix structures have become widespread.

Let's say a firm has a need to develop and implement a project that is complex in nature, which needs to be addressed by various divisions. Obviously, one should not stop their work and throw all their efforts into developing a project. In this case, it is decided to use the project management form.

Strictly speaking, the project structure is a kind of temporary organization, formed from qualified experts, experts and so on to solve a particular problem. The team works on the project, develops and implements the solution, and then dissolves. Experts return to their workplaces, or move on to a new project.

The management technique, in which there are simultaneously several design structures, was called the matrix structure. In other words, the matrix structure assumes the highest flexibility of control and operation, since the specialist is not assigned to a certain functional structure. In addition, matrix structures have a serious potential in the field of coordination of works, which becomes the main goal of the project manager.

There are many different methods and systems of management. But, in my opinion, everything depends on the person, on the manager: on his knowledge, skills, experience and charisma. Therefore, it is very important for the owner of a firm to look for not just a qualified expert in modern theoretical solutions, but also a born manager who has the ability to influence people and achieve their effective work.

Literature:

1. Introduction to the theory of management of organizational systems / Burkov VN, Korgin NA, Novikov DA - Moscow: Librocom, 2009
2. Corporate Management and Corporate Governance / AN Asaul, VI Pavlov, FI Beskier, OA Myshko .- SPb .: Humanistics, 2006.
3. Fundamentals of Enterprise Economics : Textbook / Yarkina Т.V.