HealthDiseases and Conditions

Hymenolepiasis: symptoms, treatment and prevention

Hymenolepiasis is a chronic ailment that occurs when a human worm called "dwarf tseleen" enters the intestine. This disease is easy to diagnose in children, but adults may have difficulties in diagnosing. Today we learn what constitutes a disease such as hymenolepiasis. Symptoms, treatment, prevention of this invasion will also be considered. Define ways of infection with a dwarf chain, so that people protect themselves and their loved ones from this helminth.

general characteristics

Hymenolepiasis is a parasitic disease caused by a flat worm. The ailment rapidly changes into a long one and is characterized by a serious imbalance of microelements.

Dwarf tsepene, getting into the human body, quickly finds its "home" - the intestine, where the helminth begins to parasitize and multiply, resulting in a disease called "hymenolepiasis". A photo of a dwarf chain can be seen in this article. The maximum length of the worm is 5 cm. It has a ball-shaped head, equipped with four suckers. Also, due to the presence of special hooks, the parasite is firmly fixed on the walls of the intestine, damaging the mucous membrane.

Hymenolepiasis has a focal character, and the focus can be a kindergarten, a school, a hospital and any other institution. According to statistics, people living in urban areas are most often exposed to this disease. Quite often, this ailment is diagnosed in children aged 4-14 years. Hymenolepiasis in children occurs for a trivial reason - due to non-compliance with personal hygiene requirements , when small boys and girls very often put unwashed hands in their mouths. And since at a young age is not fully formed immune defense, it can not fully resist the parasite.

Lifetime of the worm

At a temperature of 20-25 degrees eggs dwarf chain retain their viability for 2 days, on human skin they exist 4 hours, in water or in a room with high humidity - 3-4 weeks. Worms die at temperatures over 60 degrees (with heat treatment - for 15 minutes), with cooling to minus 3 degrees - for 40 minutes.

Recognition of ailment

Now we will find out how doctors define and put to their patients such a diagnosis as "hymenolopidosis". Diagnosis is as follows: examine the patient's feces for the presence of eggs of the worm. Since the allocation of eggs is due to the cyclical nature of the development of the dwarf chain, a true test is a three-time study every 5 days. The efficiency of this method reaches 92-96%.

Ways of infection

The source of the disease is an infected person, less often - mice, rats, hamsters. Infection with such a dangerous disease as hymenolepiasis, the symptoms of which will be described below, occurs when unintentional ingestion of insect larvae, considered intermediate hosts.

The parasite is transmitted as follows:

- the feces of the patient;

- through dishes, toys, pots;

- through contaminated food;

- due to non-observance of sanitary norms (dirty hands, which then come in contact with the mouth).

Helminth eggs can live in the ground and in water, be on products with insect vectors (flies, mosquitoes, wasps), transported with dust over considerable distances.

The group at risk of infection with such ailment includes children, educators, teachers, in short, employees of children's institutions, as well as food vendors.

Signs of the disease in adults

Now we will determine what are the manifestations of such a dangerous disease as hymenolepiasis. Symptoms, by the way, can confuse even experienced doctors, since the indicators of the disease are standard for any helminthiasis. And in 30% of patients, the ailment may not manifest itself at all.

However, the main complaints in this disease are:

  • Drawing pain in the abdomen;
  • Vomiting;
  • loss of appetite;
  • Lethargy, exhaustion;
  • headache;
  • The appearance of a loose stool with secretions of mucus and even blood;
  • A bad mood (irritability, nervousness, apathy);
  • weight loss.

If a person has been infected with this illness for a long time, then such manifestations of the disease can be observed:

  1. Vomiting.
  2. Convulsions.
  3. Dizziness and even loss of consciousness.
  4. Memory impairment.
  5. Bad sleep or even insomnia.
  6. Spasms in the abdomen.
  7. Violation of the stomach, liver, intestines.

Symptoms of disease in children

Hymenolepiasis in children develops faster than in adults, and appears more clearly. The main signs of illness in boys and girls are:

  • lack of appetite;
  • Constant thirst;
  • Memory problems;
  • weight loss;
  • Nervous twitching, convulsions;
  • Severe anemia;
  • Seizures of epilepsy.

Therapy

Hymenolepiasis, whose treatment is desirable in the hospital (to protect other people from possible infection), is eliminated with the help of pumpkin seeds, drugs "Akrihin" and "Fenasal." The extract of the male fern also helps . Dosage this medicine from the calculation of 0.1 g of substance for 1 year of life, but not more than 1.0 g. Such treatment is carried out for one day. Therapy is carried out by three cycles with pauses between them in 10 days.

Before the beginning of each stage of treatment, preparation is carried out: an assimilated food with restriction of fats is prescribed, and on the eve the patient takes a salt laxative (sodium sulfate) based on 1 g of medicine for 1 year of life, but not more than 15 g for 1 time. And in the morning a cleansing enema is put on, an essence of the fern is given on an empty stomach.

In the last Time began to use tablets "Fenasal" to get rid of such a dangerous disease as hymenolepiasis. In adults and children, therapy is given with a different dosage of this medication:

  1. Babies under 3 years of age are prescribed 0.5 g of the drug (corresponding to 2 tablets).
  2. From 3 to 6 years - 1 g.
  3. From 6 to 9 years - 1.5 g.
  4. Children older than 9 years, as well as adults - 2 years.

Before taking pills during the day a person should take easily digestible food.

The entire dose of the drug "Fenasal" is poured into 20 ml of hot water, thoroughly rubbed, and then poured into a glass and added with water to 1/3 of the capacity, stirred and drunk on an empty stomach. After 2 hours, take a light breakfast.

Therapy consists of three 7-day cycles with a break of 1 week. On the first day of each stage, the drug is given in the indicated doses, and 3 hours after taking the person drinks a laxative to eliminate the dead helminths. In the next 6 days - 0.5 g, regardless of the age of the patient. In these days, sodium sulfate is no longer accepted.

After treatment, the patient remains under the supervision of the doctor for at least six months. During this period, additional control studies of feces on helminth eggs are carried out. A person who has parasites in the stool after this period is left under medical supervision for up to 1 year.

Program "Helmostop" as an effective method for eliminating dwarf chain

The scheme developed by Novosibirsk scientists is an excellent method of purifying the body of parasites. The program "Helmistop" eliminates a dwarf chain at any stage of its development. It improves the immune system, speeds up the removal of toxins from the liver. In this complex, scientists have selected all the necessary components for a prompt and maximally effective cleansing of the body of a parasitic worm:

  1. Dried beverages "Maxfiber Beri" and phytotea "Atlant Plus" gently release the digestive tract from toxins, contribute to the normalization of the microflora of the human body.
  2. Capsules "Unkaria" and "Hercules" eliminate parasites at any stage of their development, eliminate allergic manifestations.
  3. Tablets "Indol plus" and "Hepatokholan" purify the liver, eliminate stagnant phenomena in the gallbladder.
  4. Capsules "Vitaspectrum XL" catalyze all processes for neutralization and excretion of worms from the body, stimulate the development of personal antiparasitic immunity.

It is necessary to clarify which age category of the population in this case is considered hymenolopidosis. Treatment with the help of the "Helmpospop" program is applied only in relation to children over 12 years old, and also to adults. Babies under 12 years of age are not prescribed such drugs.

Program "Helmostop": instructions for use

So, here's the instruction for using this antiparasitic complex:

Stage 1. Duration - 10 days:

  1. In the morning: 1 spoonful (included in the package) of Maxfiber Berry.
  2. In the afternoon: 1 tablet "Hepatokholan", 2 capsules "Vitaspectrum XL".
  3. In the evening: 1 sachet of tea "Atlant Plus".

At this stage of therapy, the intestines are cleared, the outflow of bile is accelerated and immunity is stimulated.

Second phase. Duration - 30 days:

  1. In the morning: 2 capsules "Hercules".
  2. In the afternoon: 2 tablets "Indol plus" and "Hepatokholan".
  3. In the evening: 2 pills of "Hercules" and "Unkaria"; 1 sachet phyto tea "Atlant Plus" (every other day).

At this stage of treatment, the process of de-worming takes place, the outflow of bile is accelerated.

The third stage - duration - 10 days:

  1. In the morning: 1 measuring spoon of the drug "Maxfiber Beri" and 2 capsules "Vitaspectrum XL".
  2. In the afternoon: 2 tablets "Unkariya" and 2 pills "Hepatokholan".
  3. In the evening: 1 serving of Maxfiber Berry and 1 sachet of Atlant Plus tea.

At this final stage, the process of excretion of helminths, bile is accelerated, the intestine is cleared, immunity is stimulated and possible allergy symptoms are reduced.

Measures to prevent the development of the disease

Everyone should know what to do in order not to become infected with such a disease as hymenolepiasis. Prevention of this disease consists in the strict implementation of such rules:

  1. Compliance with the rules and requirements of personal hygiene - mandatory washing of hands after leaving the toilet, as well as before eating. Parents should monitor the children and avoid situations that babies gnaw at their nails or take their fingers in their mouths.
  2. Destruction of flies, cockroaches, fleas in the house.
  3. Mandatory heat treatment of raw fruits and vegetables.

To improve immunity, you should periodically drink a complex of vitamins to prevent the occurrence of a disease such as hymenolepiasis. If the ailment Has struck one of the members of the family, then close people of the patient should definitely undergo a survey in order to identify their dwarf chain. Also on the day of treatment and within 3 days after it, it is necessary to handle carpets with a vacuum cleaner or a brush, and also to wash soft toys so that the parasite does not stay on these things. An excellent method of prevention will be the quartz movement of each room in the house where the patient was.

Measures of public events aimed at preventing the development of the disease:

  1. When children enter the kindergarten and the school, the children should be examined for worms.
  2. Workers of the nutrition sector, teachers, educators should take quarterly medical examinations.
  3. To the whole family, in which one of the members had previously found a dwarf tseleen, it is necessary to take tests twice a year and be observed with the infectious disease specialist.

Complications

No deterioration during the course of the disease is practically not observed. The only problem with long-term therapy is the development of dysbacteriosis. However, this complication is effectively treated by taking such drugs with lactobacilli, as "Lactobacterin", "Linex"

Infection of domestic birds

Dwarf tseleen can hit not only a person. Gimenolepidoses of geese and ducks are often found in the vastness of our country. Birds become infected due to ingestion of infected slugs and snails into their bodies. Mass disease of geese and ducks usually begins 20-25 days after they are released to ponds, small rivers that are ill due to a disease called "hymenolepiasis". Symptoms of this invasion in birds are as follows: the affected individuals have liquid feces, which in addition have an unpleasant smell. The young grows, lags behind in growth. At the infected birds unstable gait is observed, there are convulsions, sometimes there is paralysis of the extremities.

Treatment of geese and ducks

To get rid of himenolepiasis, the drugs "Fenasal" and "Bithionol" are used. The first medicine is prescribed at the rate of 0.3 g per 1 kg of poultry. It is given with a meal in a ratio of 1:30 (1 gram of medicine per 30 g of food). Before giving the drug, geese or ducks should be kept on an 18-hour diet. The medicine "Bitionol" is given in the amount of 0.2 g per 1 kg of poultry. After de-worming geese and ducks during the day can not be released to ponds.

Today you learned what constitutes hymenolepiasis, the symptoms of this ailment have been described, and effective therapies are also presented. The best way to avoid this problem is prevention, which involves the fulfillment of a number of necessary conditions in order to prevent infection of the organism with a dwarf chain.

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