How do foreigners learn Russian in order to avoid difficulties?

Many of our compatriots are interested in how foreigners learn Russian. Why? Yes, because even Russian people do not possess it in perfection. Most - for sure. How many times has it happened: a person talking to someone and suddenly thinking about - and whether he put an emphasis or declined the word? However, there are many examples. But it's better to go deep into the originally designated topic.

The main difficulty

Where does the study of each language begin? Of course, with the alphabet. From his reading and understanding how to pronounce one or another letter. The overwhelming majority of foreigners fall into a stupor at the sight of the Cyrillic alphabet. This is something new for them. Even if you look at the map of the distribution of the Cyrillic alphabets, you can see on it only Russia and a number of adjacent small states located in Europe.

Letters

That there is only one sound "s". Many teachers ask foreigners to imagine that they were kicked to the stomach with force. And that's what they sound like, and there's "s". The next problem is sizzling: "w", "w" and "h". How do foreigners learn Russian? Asking in parallel a bunch of questions. What are these sounds for? The same issue they cause a soft and hard signs. And when they understand the meaning and make attempts to pronounce them, it is hard for the teacher. "Box" turns into "yashik", "porridge" - in "grove", and "thicket" - in "tssashchu."

Russian is still terrible for foreigners with firmness. In most other languages, "p" is very soft. Or card, as in the case of German. It takes a lot of time to learn how to pronounce the correct Russian "p". The most insulting thing for foreigners is that we can bend or soften it. And they are not even able to immediately give it firmness.

Simplify the task

It is worth giving an answer to the question of how foreigners learn Russian in order to avoid difficulties. No way. It's impossible. When a person takes up a new skill, he can not avoid difficulties. But you can simplify the task. Many foreigners set a rule for themselves - one should learn 30 words per day, at least 10 of which should be verbs. According to the majority, they and their forms are the most difficult in Russian.

Another way - you need to learn the language from the first person. Thus, a person immediately in the subconscious simulates a situation in which he would be an acting character. And then, when such a case really happens, he remembers the memorized, applies it in practice. If you do this all the time, then you can develop a habit.

How to navigate?

Talking about how foreigners learn Russian, it is worth returning to the topic of pronunciation. It is very difficult for beginners to understand when a certain consonant should be soft, and when - a solid one. And the problems arise not only with those words in which there are "» "and" ь ". On the contrary, it is easier to understand them. Because every foreigner builds an associative array. At the sight of "b" and "b", a comparison is made which helps him to determine how to pronounce a particular word.

Much more difficult in ordinary cases. Take, for example, the letter "n". The word "dad" is pronounced firmly. But the "spots" - gently. But the foreigner gets confused - just spit. And remembering the pronunciation of the word "dad", he will want to say "patna", but immediately get confused. After all, there is the letter "I", not "a". We, Russian-speaking, pronounce the words without thinking. But it is difficult for them. Why is it difficult to learn Russian for foreigners? At least because we do not have rules for open and closed syllables. And to remove the accent, dozens of years are needed.

And another important point is intonation. Russian language is good because the order of words in the sentence can be changed as you like. The meaning we define by intonation, and subconsciously. Foreigners are initially trained in "classical" options. Therefore, if they hear a sentence that they know, but in another variation, they will not understand anything.

About sense

In fact, every person understands why it is difficult for foreigners to learn Russian. Especially in the modern world. The meaning of many expressions to explain to citizens of other countries is extremely difficult. Take, for example, this text: "Oh, autumn, melancholy ... Time goes by, and I still have not taken my feet in my hands, so that the work is moved from the place - and I sit hanging my nose." Such a foreigner will simply have a real shock. "Go" is a verb. And where is the time, the form of the flow of these or other processes? The same goes for working with its "shifts". How it is possible to take feet in hands? And what does it mean to "hang your nose"?

All this is too difficult for beginners. Therefore, teachers avoid such difficulties when teaching foreigners. The same is recommended for people with whom they communicate. With metaphors, hyperboles, epithets, litotus and allegory, they will have time to meet later. Although, when foreigners already at a sufficient level speak the Russians and begin to study the above, it becomes fun. To many, comparisons of every kind seem funny and original.

Case

This is the same theme, unloved for foreigners, as well as verbs. After learning one case, they forget about the existence of five more. How do they manage to cope with the task? First, for foreigners, an empty sound is an attempt to explain that the genitive case answers the questions of "whom?" And "what?". After all, it is impossible to substitute a single ending for all inclined words. And the only way out here is to memorize the principle through illustrative examples and situations. It's pretty simple.

The foreigner simply takes a brief paragraph on the topic of his life. And on his example he learns the cases: "My name is Bastian Müller. I am a student (who? Is the nominative case). Now I live in Moscow (where? - prepositional, or second local) and I study at the Faculty of International Languages. Every day I go to university (where? - accusative). There I study and study. Then I go from university to home (from where? - Genitive). At home I read news (what? - accusative) and correspond with friends (with whom? - instrumental). Then quickly give food to the dog (to whom? - dative), and then walk in the center of Moscow. "

And this is just one example. But there are countless more of them, even if we do not take into account the depriving, directional, longitudinal and other cases. That's why it's hard for foreigners to learn Russian.

Transcriptions

Why do I need to learn Russian for foreigners? There is no unequivocal answer, everyone has their own reasons. But if a person has taken up this matter, he comes up with all sorts of methods in order to get comfortable quickly. And one of them is to compose transcription. But even this does not allow you to quickly understand Russian.

Dsche - this is how the Russian "f" looks in German. "C" is tze. "Ч" - tsche. And "sh" - schtch. The word "nonsense" will look in German in transcription as follows: tschuschtch. Looking at this cluster of letters, you can immediately understand why some foreigners learn one short word for several days.

Numbers

This topic also causes a lot of questions from foreigners. But they learned to avoid difficulties with the help of simple cunning. Take, for example, age. Does it end with one? Then they say "year". In the end it costs 2, 3, 4? In this case, they say "years". If the age or term ends at 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0, then say "years". And this simple recommendation foreigners are skillfully applied to everything.

Also worth noting is the use of such a particle as "li". Of course, a foreigner can safely do without it. But in the speech of the Russians it is always present. And, having heard "whether it is necessary?", "Hardly!", Etc., he will come into perplexity. Know the essence of such phrases is necessary, since this particle is part of some stable combinations.

In fact, "whether" - is it English, thanks to which it is possible to introduce an indirect question into the proposal. Here, for example, this sentence: "He asked the librarian whether he could take another book." From English it is translated like this: "He asked the librarian whether it was possible to take another book". It is enough for an alien to draw an analogy, and he will no longer be surprised at the particle "li".

Perception

How to start learning Russian for a foreigner? With an attempt to realize that it will be waiting for a lot of strange things. And one of those moments is the imperative mood. "I would like one cup of coffee, please" - it's too difficult to pronounce. "Bring coffee," is too rude for a foreigner, although in Russia this is the norm.

Another feature is the arrangement of letters. Foreigners say that they simply memorize the words in which the vowels alternate with the consonants. But the "agency", "counter-reception", "adult", "postscript", "cohabitation" and similar words cause them fear. Even the most common "bread" they learn to pronounce for a long time.

Also worth noting the following: some Russian words are translated differently into other languages. "Account" in French means "toilet", and in an extremely rude form. "Vinaigrette" is an oily-mustard sauce, not a salad. However, this is the minimum complexity. In any case, the association does not even have to invent.

Prepositions

The word formation to a foreign person is very difficult to understand. There are a lot of rules and exceptions in the Russian language. And also gender and numbers are added to this. The first in some languages is completely absent. And of course, prepositions are another complication. How to explain to a person when it is possible to use "on", and when is "in" suitable? Here everything is quite simple.

The foreigner must understand: "in" is used when he wants to tell about something that is inside. Within anything. In the house, in the country, in the world ... The scale is not important. The main thing is that there should be limits and something happening in them. But "on" is used in the case when it comes to a place on any surface. On the table, on the man, on the house (already a different meaning, although the example is the same).

Why should they?

Many people are interested in the question: why do foreigners learn Russian, since it is so complicated? Well, everyone has their own reasons. For example, an Irish named Julia Walsh, the business development manager for Enterprise Ireland, says she began to learn Russian because of the importance of Russia in the history of Europe. It was difficult. But after years of studying, the language ceased to seem impossible. But he stayed complicated. But citizens of Slavic countries (for example, the Czech Republic) say that the Russian is not very difficult. This is the opinion of journalist Jiri Just. Czech and Russian represent one language group. So the words are similar, and the grammar. And in Czech, even one case more.

Still there is a place to be such a question: why should foreigners learn Russian? Because otherwise it will be difficult in Russia. Many locals learn English, but it can not be said that everyone has developed at a decent level. And besides, it is necessary for an accurate perception of everything that is happening around. Why should foreigners learn Russian if they are not going to Russia? The reason here is the same as for each of us, taking on something new. And it is covered in interest and self-development.