Divisions of the brain: the specialization of each

The departments of the human brain are the components of one "team". The contribution of each participant of the game is important, otherwise it will not work well together - and we can not be ourselves. This happens when a person is injured in the brain. This is how scientists have established the functions of various parts of the brain - according to observations of neurological patients. Although the brain is a very plastic organ, the damaged areas can restore their functions at the expense of other departments.

So, what are the components of our brain? What are the main parts of the brain? Western scientists distinguish the rhomboid brain, limbic system and neocortex. Let us consider these departments in more detail.

Rhomboid Brain

This is the most ancient area of the brain, it is also called the brain of reptiles. That is, it is common for most evolutionarily perfect species. He is responsible for the most basic functions of the human body. The rhomboid brain consists of the medulla oblongata, the bridge and the cerebellum. What do they do in the body? This is discussed below.

The oblong brain deals with the automatic functions of your body, there are centers of breathing, digestion and regulation of heart contractions. Therefore, if this department of the brain is traumatized, it is almost impossible to save a person.

The bridge determines the level of our vivacity and productivity, and it also transmits sensory impressions higher in the brain. The state of this part of the brain depends on our ability to work.

The cerebellum is traditionally considered the main organ that deals with the coordination of movements, as well as motor memory.

Limbic system

This part of the brain is called the emotional brain or the ancient brain of mammals. Here our feelings live, here memory begins. In this department of the brain, memory and emotions are combined, influencing our behavior and everyday acceptance of emotionally colored decisions. Here, value judgments are born. This part of the brain decides what is significant and what does not: the information is filtered. The parts of the brain that enter it are responsible for spontaneity and creativity.

The almond-shaped body is responsible for the accumulation of emotionally colored information. It is especially important to participate in the formation of emotion of fear. Gives the command to throw out stress hormones, makes us sweat our hands, and the heart - to contract more often and more often.

The hippocampus is engaged in memory and a little bit of training in general. He prepares information for transmission to long-term memory, helps us understand spatial relationships and interpret incoming signals from the senses.

Hypothalamus - the endocrine brain, is closely associated with the pituitary gland. He engages in daily rhythms (responsible for the desire to sleep longer, and wakes us up the next day), maintaining the constancy of the body's environment, controls the desire to refresh ourselves, maintaining the balance of liquids.

The thalamus is the point of gathering information from all underlying structures, including the state of the body and various sensations.

Neocortex

This is the most perfect formation in the brain, the most evolutionarily new. It is called the rational brain because of its extreme importance to the intellectual function of man. The cerebral cortex (neocortex) is divided into two hemispheres. They control the opposite sides of the body. In each of them different functions are distinguished.

The frontal lobe is the largest "head" of the brain. It does not allow a person to be impulsive, inhibits attraction, is responsible for analysis and planning, people with her disorders also change such complex forms of behavior as a sense of humor. Without a normal function of this share, altruism and empathy are impossible.

The dark share is the center that allows us to process sensations from the skin and internal organs, including pain. It also helps to calculate the speed of objects, is involved in recognition and spatial orientation.

The temporal fraction processes the sound perception. Here is the Wernicke zone, which allows us to recognize speech.

The occipital part perceives and processes visual information, is involved in some forms of spatial thinking.

The corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres together.

As you can see, the brain departments are closely connected and perform various functions, but they are all necessary so that we can perform the actions that are usual for us. Good luck in learning!