Hermeneutics is the art of interpreting texts

Hermeneutics is the methodology and art of interpreting texts. This trend in philosophy appeared in the twentieth century. Hermeneutics is based on the theory of interpretation of literary texts.

Basic Models

1. The position of the character is brought to the fore. In this model, the author's task is to show the character from all sides. Here there are two options: the text embeds the general meanings inherent in the described epoch, or the work has a self-valuable semantic grid, which is emphasized by the author.

2. The author's position is highlighted. In this model, the author constantly analyzes and analyzes, taking into account his semantic hierarchy. He needs a character in order to convey his point of view or concept to the reader.

3. The reader's position is dominant. In this model, the text's semantic field is oriented to the reader. The choice of the character and his presentation are made taking into account the reader's tastes, his preferences and his level of intelligence.

Thus, hermeneutics is a multidimensional systemic relationship of a character, its presentation, perception and understanding. And the hermeneutic circle makes it possible to designate and qualitatively fulfill the basic links and levels of these relations.

Hermeneutics of Gadamer

The concept of "hermeneutics" from the point of view of Gadamer is based on a critical assessment of the traditions of European rationalism in its striving to develop the foundations of Greek thought with the help of such expressed concepts as "nous" and "logos". "Nus" begins a centuries-old series of reflections on the relationship between thought and being. Such thinking gave a basis to modern science even more than methodological texts. At the same time, the "logos" unites all directions of thinking, which presuppose the study of numbers, ratios and proportions, and attribute certain properties of the logos to the world itself.

For Gadamer, hermeneutics is a method of consent. For a long time, the main purpose of this philosophical trend was to reach agreement or restore it. For understanding, it is not the mysterious communication of souls between themselves that is important, but their involvement in the common sense.

Method of hermeneutics

Druzhinin V.N., analyzing the hermeneutic method in the interpretations of Gadamer, Demer, Dilthey and others, concluded that understanding is used when it is necessary to study a non-natural unique object, and to receive a result of the process of its evaluation.

In every work of art, a professional psychologist sees his creator and his value-semantic sphere. Whether it is a score, textual, musical work or artist's painting, there is a great desire to understand not only universally valid formulas, but also to penetrate into the author's semantic world. Hermeneutics - this is the direction that seeks the key to this understanding. Schleermacher, who is the ancestor of the hermeneutic trend, put forward the main goal of the method - the transition from one's own thoughts to those that writers want to convey. He also divided the interpretation of texts into two types: psychological and philosophical understanding.