Great migration of peoples

The great migration of peoples is considered a unique phenomenon in the history of the transition period. This era (no longer Antiquity, but not the Middle Ages) was limited to a time and territorial framework. In the period from 2 to 7 centuries in Africa, Asia, Europe, the interaction of civilization and barbarism began to intensively develop. As a result, a new type of culture was born .

The great migration of peoples determined the further direction of the development of Europe, gave a powerful impetus to the formation of new nationalities, states, languages. The spiritual and socio-psychological atmosphere, morality and morality began to emerge.

The great migration of peoples began at a time when the southern and western part of Europe was occupied by ancient civilization. It existed within the framework of the Roman state. The central and eastern European territory was inhabited by the tribes of the Balts, Finno-Ugric, Germans, Slavs and other nationalities that did not have a state system.

The great migration of peoples began. Following them to Europe from Asia began to move numerous nomadic tribes and associations. This entailed movement among the local population.

Many tribes left their habitable places and went on a journey. This became the reason for the formation of the peoples of ancient and new Europe. The barbarian tribes rushed, mainly, to the Roman Empire, in which internal contradictions were observed at that time.

Researchers share the Great Resettlement in three stages.

The first is the Germanic period. He continued from the 2nd to the 4th century. This epoch is embraced by the time from the Battle of Marcomann to the Battle of Adrianople.

The second period, the Hunnic period, lasted from the 4th to the 5th century - the time between the Adrianople battle and the Battle of the Catalan fields.

The third stage (from the 6th to the 7th century) is called Slavic. This period is associated with the movement in Central, South-Eastern and Eastern Europe of the Slavic tribes.

Each period had its own peculiarities. The stages were distinguished by their ethnic composition, the position of the tribes, the direction and result, which led to the Great Migration of Nations.

Slavs were a vast nationality. The tribes were not isolated, they intensively developed, established interethnic contacts. For that time was characterized as a peaceful neighborhood, and confrontation. The compositions of the Slavic tribes changed over time, the nationalities mixed with each other, with other peoples. Along with the perception of the new culture, the old traditions were preserved. Great migration contributed to the division of tribes. Together with this, new nationalities with new names were formed.

The Slavs began to move to the south. Their migration to the 7th century was completed. Settled along the Balkan Peninsula, they began to unite with the Celts, Illyrians, Thracians. In their midst, Turkic-speaking Bulgars "dissolved". The Slavs established contacts with the Greeks and Epirots, thus putting the beginning of the development of the South Slavic ethnoses.

It is necessary to note two interrelated components in the ethnic migration space. The first, undoubtedly, are the peoples and tribes who were the real participants of the movements. The second component is the idea of these nationalities, embodied both in the ancient and early medieval writing, and in modern national historiography.

The causes of the Great Migration of peoples are composed of various factors. The main impetus to the beginning of the movement of tribes is a qualitative shift in economic life. Inside the Germanic and Slavic tribes, there was an increase in social welfare and a fairly large number of people free from productive labor. The elite was striving for wealth. Hikes in the Roman Empire became a means of extracting wealth. Along with this, the ground was prepared for the subsequent resettlement.