Getting ready for repair: what cement is made of

If you are seriously engaged in repairs in your apartment or house and plan to plaster the walls, level the floor, then you need to figure out how to properly make cement mortar. Of course, if you are thinking of hiring builders, then it is not necessary to delve into the subtleties of the process. But if you decide to do all the dirty work yourself, but do not be an expert, then it's better to start studying the theoretical part.

For any work, you will need fresh cement - this is a special astringent, which when hardened becomes stone-like. Please note, if he lies for more than half a year, he can absorb the moisture, and it will be impossible to use it. In order to make a solution for plaster, it is necessary to find out what cement is made of. For its preparation, you should first mix the purchased binder with the sand. The proportions will depend only on the brand you have purchased. So, for cement М-200 for each of its kilograms it is necessary 3,5 kg of sand, and for М-400 it will be necessary already 5 kg. By the way, the brand will depend not only on the amount of the mixture obtained, but also on its strength. For example, for the construction of various military facilities, including missile silos or bunkers, use the M-600.

It is important not only to know the necessary proportions, but also the technology, how to make cement mortar. After preparing the dry components, fill them with a small layer into the mixing container. Only after this, add water and mix everything thoroughly until a homogeneous mixture is obtained . The quality of the solution is checked as follows: it should stick to pieces to the shovel, which was interfered with. If it completely drains from it or, on the contrary, envelops it, then this batch is unsuccessful. In the first case, it turned out to be too liquid (skinny, as it is also called builders), and in the second - dense (fat).

Knowing what cement is made of, you can pre-prepare all the necessary materials in the right quantities. By the way, it is desirable to know the proportions even in those cases when the work will be performed by the builders. This will help to avoid unnecessary costs, because you can independently control the consumption of materials.

If you want to know not only about the technology of making mixes for plaster works, but also about what cement is made of, then you will be interested in the following. The production of this material is quite an environmentally harmful, labor-consuming and costly process. It begins with the most expensive stage - the extraction of raw materials, which include carbonate rocks: limestone, chalk and others. The raw materials extracted from the bowels of the ground are crushed and ground.

In the next step, carbonate rocks are mixed with other constituents and calcined. As a result, a clinker is formed. If we continue to understand what cement is made of, it becomes clear that at this stage its foundation was created. Further production will depend on the raw materials used and the quality of the raw material. In the industry, 3 methods of manufacturing cement have been developed: wet, dry and combined. The first option is used in cases where the raw material is chalk, clay and various iron-containing additives. The grinding of the mixture under this method takes place in an aqueous medium, and a suspension with a moisture content of about 30-50% is obtained at the outlet. It is fired in a special oven, after which it is ground into a powder. But with a dry method, the components are dried before grinding.