Examples of professional conflicts and their solutions. Types of professional conflicts

Social studies teaches that any social relations include conflict. So the world is arranged: that the Russian is good, then the German is dead. On the basis of the discrepancy between expectations, goals and interests, differences and conflicts arise. How to get out of such situations with minimal losses? Is the conflict always bad? Let's try to understand, studying examples of professional conflicts: there is a whole branch on social science on this topic.

With what does conflict begin and what is characterized?

Science defines conflict as a mismatch of motives, goals, expectations. This contradiction can be manifested not only outside, but also within an individual. Conflict always involves the presence of two or more points of view that do not coincide.

In emotional terms, the conflict is characterized by stress, stress, discomfort, even at the level of 5 senses. The protracted conflict, passing to the chronic stage, can cause psychosomatic diseases on the personal plane or negative group processes in society, such as the disintegration of the team, a decline in labor productivity, a strike.

You can also highlight the social conflict: examples of professional conflicts in society are not uncommon. Such are the notorious class conflicts (in Europe) or caste (in India).

It is not now that professional conflicts have arisen: examples from history confirm this. For example, the nineteenth century was rich in discoveries, and which of the inventors was immediately recognized? Conflict with public opinion among all the pioneers is obvious.

What sciences study conflicts

Conflict of interest is studied by a wide variety of social and human sciences, depending on the level and causes of the conflict. Such industries include:

• sociology;
• Conflictology;
• Social science;
• Social Studies;
• psychology;
• management;
• Political science and others.

Many sciences study the conflict from various sides, but for what?

Should we study the conflict?

"Who is warned - he is armed," the people's wisdom considers. That is why knowledge about the conflict as a phenomenon can greatly help not only managers, but also any person.

Intrapersonal conflict at least once experienced by everyone; Some can recall examples of professional conflicts, for example, the controller often had to argue with stowaways "hares", and the financial inspector - with non-payers.

Knowing how to circumvent or mitigate disagreements, how to get out of the controversial situation, you can save a lot of effort, time and other resources. And science in the meantime has already systematized conflicts on various criteria.

The types of conflicts and their classifications

By the most general feature, conflicts can be roughly divided into external and internal: the first are connected with the society, the surrounding world, the second unfolds on the internal arena of personality.

In the group of social conflicts, workers' disagreements stand out, among which there are several more types of contradictions:

• Labor conflicts. They are related to the employment relationship in all its manifestations and are resolved mainly in the legislative order.
• Organizational conflicts. Expressed in the discrepancy of the behavior or attitudes of individual workers or groups adopted in the workplace customs and corporate standards.
• Interpersonal conflicts. Regardless of the external form of expression, such disagreements are based on personal motives.
• Professional conflicts. They are an integral part of the core activities and are, as it were, embedded in the essence of this or that profession.

More and more often there are professional conflicts: examples from history can tell us about the famous lawyer Koni, whose work consisted entirely of conflicts.

How do labor and professional conflicts relate?

Conflicts between labor and professional should not be confused: the only thing they have in common is that they arise on the business field. The labor conflict presupposes the existence of an employment contract, in connection with which there are contradictions, for example, the head has made a decision to change the mode of work, and the specialist does not want to switch to a new schedule. Another option is when, under a collective agreement, the employee has the right to material assistance, but the employer refuses to pay it. In such cases, the employee may apply to the Labor Commission or to the court, since the basis of the dispute is a violation of the established standard.

Professional conflicts are not related to a particular place of work or employer, but are cross-cutting for colleagues of the same specialty. An example is the activities of a teacher who is full of disagreements with students, their parents, supervisors, the administration. Situations can be different: the results of the control, the examinations, the correctness of the execution of documents, the acceptability of claims are disputed. If the teacher changes his job, then it is unlikely that this way he will exclude conflict situations from his activity, because they are peculiar to the profession.

Conflicts in professional activity

As a rule, professional conflicts are not the result of malicious acts, but are a natural component of profile activity. Such conflicts arise as soon as a person begins to engage in his special activities.

There are well-known conflict-related professions, such as a lawyer, a controller or a tax inspector. It's hard to imagine a lawyer who agrees with everyone, or a supervisor, smiling sweetly past the passing stowaway. Fininzpektorov generally very few people like, nevertheless they are obliged to work and provide the required indicators, as is customary in the domestic system.

The professional situation of the conflict requires a special stress-resistance and a specific personality. Is it possible for an impressionable and emotional person to choose a law enforcement profession, for example? Probably, you can always choose, but whether it will help - this is the question.

It is assumed that at the stage of choosing a profession, applicants understand the essence of their future activities. In fact, it is far from the case, and young people guess the existence of conflicts in the chosen work many years later, in practice.

Types of behavior in a conflict situation

Social science in the research process identified several typical strategies of behavior in conflict situations:

• Rivalry. Nowadays it is one of the most popular ways, unfairly elevated to the rank of socially approved. The attempt to introduce such a system into the school curriculum does not stand up to criticism, because in essence this model is based on the power of satisfying one's own interests at the expense of others.
• The device, beautifully veiled by the term "adaptation". One of the most common ways of behavior in large corporations, in conditions of total imposition of norms of corporate culture, regardless of the settings of an individual employee. It is expressed in disharmonious victims by their own interests for the sake of another.
• Compromise. Acts on the principle of "neither you, nor me." This strategy cuts the interests of all parties and does not fully satisfy any of them.
• Avoidance is a model for the lazy and cautious. With this type of behavior, the subject leaves both from interaction with others, and from the desire for personal goals - a kind of science-like "pofigism."
• Cooperation. It seems the only constructive way out. This is a third option that satisfies the interests of all involved parties. It is this kind of output that makes the conflict a source of development.

Varieties of trade-union conflicts

In this category, it is possible to distinguish subgroups of emerging contradictions according to various criteria:

• By field of activity: legal, service sector, medicine, public administration and other industries;
• On the direction of the load: physical (fatigue, irregular day) and moral (the adoption of complex decisions, responsibility for others, forced violation of others' limits, and others);
• By the nature of the occurrence: natural (when the physician is forced to cause pain to the patient, making a medical injection) and artificial (associated with the costs of the state system, when the state inspector himself unwillingly has to deal with bureaucratic collection of unnecessary documents).

Further analysis will help to identify other types of professional conflicts, but the criteria they will be different.

Examples of professional conflicts

A lot of them in the service sector, for example, when repairing household appliances, in a tailoring shop, in a hairdresser. At first glance, the gracious and monetary work, than not a warm place? It was not like that: working with people always involves a potential conflict that arises from the customer's dissatisfaction with the services provided.

Public service is also not cloudless, because the special status of a civil servant places considerable responsibility on him. In addition, not all are ready to fulfill the requirements of this or that public institution, and in such a situation, the representative of the state is forced to take measures that may contradict the interests of the participants in the system.

For example, it is difficult to imagine a taxpayer who voluntarily and happily gives taxes to the state. However, the tax authorities take all measures to receive such payments, sometimes even forcibly.

A particularly vivid example of a professional conflict is a military or law enforcement officer: here, at the same time, moral and physical, natural and artificial conflicts are intertwined. That there is only one case of the use of weapons, not to mention the military actions or detention of the suspect.

The judge's profession is also conflict-prone, because one of the parties will always be dissatisfied with the decision, considering it illegal. Examples of professional conflicts in Russia are well illustrated by the profession of a statesman: criticism in their address is inevitable.

Domestic and professional conflicts: what are the differences?

From the names themselves it follows that such disagreements arise in different spheres of social life and on dissimilar motives. What is the difference between domestic and professional conflicts?

Households are associated with situations of cohabitation, violation of the rules of the hostel, good neighborhood, and in the working environment - non-compliance with the standards of conduct in the team, creating inconvenience to employees.

If professional conflicts are inherently costs of a certain activity, then a domestic conflict is usually provoked or fired intentionally.

Household conflicts can be avoided with the goodwill of the parties and the propensity to compromise, while it is impossible to exclude professional ones.

Vocational guidance is one way to get an idea of possible conflict situations

Such an object is known to everyone from the school's bench, and to this day it has not lost its relevance. Vocational guidance is not only in determining a person's inclination to a particular activity, but also in familiarizing him with the profile of the chosen profession, its content and content, as well as risks and benefits.

Career guidance with the help of psychological tools helps to determine whether a particular activity is suitable for a test person, because for each profile of work there is a preferable personality psychotype.

Even if the leading direction of activity is revealed, within its framework there can be many professions with different conflict characteristics, which are capable only of a certain personal identity. You can ask the client a question: "Give an example of a professional conflict in the chosen profession," and it will immediately become clear how complete the person imagines this activity.

Psychological portrait of a professional

Determining the suitability of the chosen profession for the personality psychotype, it is advisable to start with a list of professional conflicts in a particular activity. For example, a conflict with a consumer (for a hairdresser), a counterparty (for a lawyer), authorities (for a lawyer), with public institutions (for a religious figure), with pupils (for a teacher).

Based on these data, it is necessary to find out which character traits are desirable for such activities, and which are not acceptable at all. For example, for a lawyer, perseverance is important, for an educator - endurance, for a hairdresser - compliance.

In any profession, good stress resistance is good, because such a person is able to quickly switch from one mode to another and not take the negative at your own expense.

How to reduce the level of tension from professional conflicts

Here, every professional, if desired, will find his own recipe. Of course, there are well-known:

• Experience is the son of difficult mistakes. Over time, psychological protection from stress factors is developed, thereby reducing the level of workload.
• Setting the conflict as an inevitable part of your favorite profession.
• Detachment is a state of consciousness in which professional situations are observed from the outside and are not relevant to a specialist. Simply put, it's not that offensive that it does not concern personally.

Obviously, the conflict is not so bad if you develop the right attitude to it. It hardly makes sense to synonymize the conflict with the negative, because the voltage potential according to the laws of physics can be fully used for the benefit of oneself and the society.