Engine 405 ("Gazelle"): specifications

Engine 405 belongs to the family of ZMZ, which produces JSC "Zavolzhsky Motor Plant". These engines became gasoline legends of the domestic auto industry, as they were installed not only on the GAZ car, but also on some Fiat models, and this is an indication that they were recognized by the world's famous automobile manufacturers.

History

After the factory decided to abandon the use of the 402nd engine on the Gazelle, the designers were instructed to develop a new generation of gasoline engines, which will become a commission and more powerful. So the engine ZMZ-405 was born. Now they are equipped with "Gazelle" and "Volga".

The engine of the 405 received an injection system of injection, which allowed to spend more efficiently and distribute fuel through the system. The design was different from its predecessor, as the cylinder head was decided to install a 16-valve.

General information

This engine is modified for injector injection system carburetor ZMZ-406. In today's world, the 405 Euro-3 engine is used. This allowed us to reach a new level of sales, since the motor was allowed to be installed on foreign-made cars. The first to experience this was the machine "Fiat". The manufacturer remained satisfied, which allowed OAO ZMZ to sign a new contract for the supply of engines and spare parts for them.

There is also an engine 405 ("Gazelle"), which is installed only for freight and passenger cars. The model has catalog number 405.020. This motor will adjust more to the development of traction power than the speed characteristics.

Specifications

Engine 405 ("Gazelle", "Sable") has the following specifications:

• The volume is 2.484 liters.
• Power - 115-140 liters. from.
• The piston diameter is 95.5.
• The stroke of the piston is 86.
• The number of valves is 16 (4 for each cylinder).
• Number of cylinders - 4.
• Weight - 184 kg.
• Environmental standards - Euro 0-4.
• The average fuel consumption is 9.5 l / 100 km (city - 11 l, track - 8 l).

One of the design features of the 405 engine is that it is perfectly adapted for use in any climate and can withstand temperatures from -40 to +40. At the same time, the liquid cooling system copes with all loads, and the motor does not overheat.

Service

As elsewhere, the maintenance of passenger cars is carried out every 12 thousand km as recommended by the manufacturer. The main operation includes the replacement of oil and oil filter. But the engine 405 for increasing the resource of use is worth serving every 10 000-11 000 km on gasoline. But if gas-cylinder equipment is installed, it will have to be done every 8500-10 000 km.

Engine 405 ("Gazelle") is recommended to service every 8-9 thousand km, because the engine is running in intensive mode. This oil quickly loses its properties and changes its chemical composition.

It should be noted that every 15 000 km, you need to adjust the valves and install adjusting washers of the appropriate size. Also it is necessary to monitor the state of the gas distribution mechanism. Untimely replacement of the belt and roller can lead to breakage and deformation (bending) of the valves, which will entail not only expensive repairs, but also replacement of cylinder head.

Another element to watch out for is the valve cover gasket. It is recommended to replace it every 20,000 km. We do not need to remind you to replace the air filter after 25 thousand km, as every motorist knows it himself.

Repairs

Repair engine 405 is quite easy. Its design is simple, and replacement of spare parts is not difficult. The problem can create a block of cylinders and a crankshaft, which must be bored.

Let's write down the main manipulations that should be done during the overhaul of the 405th motor:

1. Disassembly.
2. Diagnosis of the condition of power units and parts. Identification of necessary operations and spare parts.
3. Purchase of all necessary parts and spare parts.
4. Trimming and fitting the crankshaft to the size of the new inserts.
5. Boring-honing the cylinder block.
6. Replacement of parts in cylinder head, grinding of planes and crimping for cracks.
7. Washing of all the details.
8. Initial assembly and identification of additional spare parts and materials.
9. Final assembly.

Often, when installing the crankshaft, it should be balanced, for this, a new clutch is bought, since it is no use to perform this operation on the old one.

Since the engine 405 is equipped with hydraulic compensators, they should be changed when the cylinder head is repaired .

Tuning

Many motorists wanted to take advantage of the possibility of tuning. Thus, the engine 405 was subjected to modifications. Let's consider what can be done for modernization:

1. Replacement cylinder head. Of course, it will be hard to find such, but JP has developed a similar head unit for tuning, which can be installed instead of the standard.
2. Injector (engine 405). A complete replacement of the injection system will increase a little power, but at the same time fuel consumption will be within 15 l / 100 km, and this will not please every owner.
3. Replacement of exhaust manifold and exhaust system. Of course, you can replace the entire system, but it is worth making an accurate calculation for this improvement.
4. Boring piston. Long process and not always effective. Increasing the size of the piston from 95.5 to 98 mm will add 20%.

All these improvements reduce the motor's engine life by 30%, which, accordingly, will lead to a quick overhaul. Professional riders advise to carry out such operations in the tuning studio, where specialists will make all calculations and improve the characteristics of the engine without compromising the condition and loss of the resource.