Emergency situations and their classification

Every day, watching videos on the Internet or including news on any TV channel, we are faced with terrible facts that say that every minute the world is experiencing the most incredible events that often lead to human death. However, what do we know about emergencies? How are they classified? Let's try to understand.

An emergency is an event that occurred on a certain territory, as a result of disasters, natural or natural phenomena, accidents or other disasters that entail material and natural damage, human losses and disruption of people's lives. Below are detailed their types.

Emergency situations (ES) are conditionally classified into several categories. First of all, they are all of a conflict and conflict-free nature. The latter include environmental and natural phenomena, as well as technogenic emergencies. Conflict situations are conventionally called social explosions, military clashes, terrorist acts, active actions and rampant crime, religious and ethnic conflicts, economic crises, etc.

On the speed of distribution, emergency situations are divided into slow and moderately spreading, quickly and suddenly arising. For example, emergency situations of a sudden nature can be considered terrorist acts, and slow developing ones, which last for many months and years, include such as, for example, anthropogenic activity in the Aral Sea zone.

On the scale of distribution, emergency situations are local and local, regional and federal scale, territorial as well as transboundary. The main differences in this category are characterized by the number of victims, the amount of material damage and the measure of disruption of life for living organisms. Local situations include situations where no more than 10 people become victims, and the event zone should not go beyond the territory of the object of social or production significance.

Local emergencies are characterized by the number of victims over 10, but not more than 50 people, or violation of living conditions for not less than 100, but not more than 300 people. This incident must not exceed the limits of the settlement.

Regional emergencies imply a number of victims of no more than 500 people or a violation of the conditions for the life of a similar number of people. The scale of its distribution should not cross the state borders.

Transboundary or global emergencies include situations that, in terms of scale and size of destruction, go far beyond the boundaries of one state and can have deplorable consequences for the whole planet.

It is worth noting that emergencies can be created both artificially and naturally. In other words, they can arise as a result of human actions or dictated by natural phenomena that have arisen.

Also there are so-called emergency situations of wartime. The meaning of this kind of emergency lies in armed conflicts between a number of countries, attacks on cities, the use of weapons of mass destruction, the seizure of individual objects and strategically important points.

In the history of mankind there has never been stability in this regard. Over the past 20 years alone, up to 40 major armed conflicts and tens of thousands of minor military emergencies have occurred in the world. Bright examples of such events in the twentieth century are the following: First and Second World Wars, the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Afghan war, the uprising in Hungary, the Caribbean crisis, the Persian Gulf War, and many other military conflicts.

History tells us that in civilian operations, civilians are killed and suffering more than civilians, and the more terrible the weapons become, the more victims thereafter. Thus, humanity needs to draw some conclusions, but we often neglect it, as a result of which we ourselves suffer.