Do you know what the Khazar Tamga is?

In ancient times, when the states quickly emerged and as quickly disappeared, when the tribes wandered and fought for the lands, it was customary for the supreme rulers to have their own insignia, symbolizing their race. In some nationalities, such a sign was called tamga.

For example, the Khazar tamga has survived to this day. This is a symbol of the genus of numerous families of the kagan, archaeological finds dating back to the 7th-10th centuries prove it.

The origins of the appearance of the Khazar tamga

As far as we can judge, the history of the human race was often associated with the fact that some peoples adopted from others not only science and art, but also attributes of power. It has always been so, from the era of Sumerians who have sunk into oblivion to the present day.

Symbols of supreme power were also among the Sumerian, and the Egyptian, and Mesopotamian, and the people's rulers who lived after them. In this vein, perhaps, it is naive to believe that the Tamga Khazar was in fact invented by this people.

The origin of the bident

The two-pronged as a symbol of power is rooted in the ancient Greek cult of Aida (Pluto). In mythological genealogy he was the son of Kronos and was a brother of Zeus, Poseidon and Dimetre. After the brothers defeated Kronos and the Titans, a division of the world took place, in which Aid reached the underworld of the dead. He directed such horror on people that his name was not spoken aloud, and all the known images of God are painted with his attribute of power - a dvu. Two teeth meant the duality of the world, life and death.

Tamga Khazar as a symbol of power did not originally come from the Khazars, from the ancestor of the Turkic peoples and its ancestor Togarm. Independent Khazars became only in the 7th century AD. One of the Turkic kagans worshiped a dragon cult with two wolf heads. Later it was portrayed in the form of a two-tooth. Later, some tribes adopted it, and this tamga of the Khazar Khaganate belonged to many noble families. To tamga son differed from the sign of his father, heirs of the family added various kinds of curls and lines.

A part of the Turkic tribes depicted a dragon with three wolf heads, which after many years were transformed into a sign with three teeth. As a trident, the Khazar tamga has to do with the ruler Dulo of one of the branches of the Khazar tribe. All his heirs at the base of the supreme sign had an image with three prongs, to which various geometric elements or points were added. Thus, the heirs of Dulo considered themselves to be of this kind.

Trident origin

In fact, the Turkic tribes did not invent something new. Even the ancient Sumerians "handed" the trident to two gods at once - the supreme goddess Inanna, who rules the legendary country of Aratta, and Ishkura, who controlled the waters of the sky, thunder and lightning.

After the Sumerians, this symbol was used by representatives of the Minoan civilization, as well as the inhabitants of Ancient India.

They had this sign for a long time associated with the elements of water, until they "handed" it to the fire god Agni. Centuries later, this image began to be associated with the name of the Buddha, and he already symbolized his Three Jewels.

These civilizations either disappeared (the Sumerians) or were transformed into great religions (Buddhism), but the trident itself "inherited" both the ancient Greeks and the ancient Romans, and after centuries it was appropriated by the Turkic peoples.

Tamga Khazar became the successor of all these Turkic peoples, but the Khazar sign in the form of three prongs belonged to only one noble family - Dulo. In addition to this people, the symbol with three teeth was used by the Bordjigins, where he was a personal symbol of Genghis Khan, after which he transferred to his receiver, the son of Juchi. In the days of Batu, the sign was minted on coins.

Since inheritance came from the father to the eldest son, for other members of the family the Khazar tamga-the coat of arms belonging to the genus-has always changed. Every member of the male family had to invent his tamga, taking as a basis the sign of the ancestor.

History of Khazar Kingdom

As a separate state Khazaria existed only a few centuries - from the 7th to 10th centuries AD. Initially, it was part of the Turkic Kaganate, but after it disintegrated, it became a separate kagan. Among those who were part of the new tribal alliance were the Huns, Ugrians, Savinas and Iranians.

In the 7th century all the subjects of the king of this union of tribes began to be called Khazars, regardless of their origin. The tribes that were part of the Kaganate on a voluntary basis had to pay a token tribute for the security of their borders. The Khazar tamga (the example photo is shown below) indicated the ownership of the bearer of the tribe's ruling clan.

The most dangerous enemy of the Khazars at that time was the Arab Caliphate, whose constant skirmishes with varying success then increased the territory of the kingdom, then reduced. After the signing of the peace agreement between the Khazars and the Caliphate in 737, the appearance of peace was established, while Islam became the religion of the Khaganate.

At the beginning of the 8th century, there was a gradual transition from Islam to Judaism, after which it was declared a state religion after a century. The change of faith took place more than once, because in the 10th century the Khazars again accepted Islam at the conclusion of a military alliance with Khorezm. By the end of the 10th century, isolated tribes remained from the Khazar kingdom, which was guilty of Prince Vladimir, who marched in 985 and imposed a tribute on the Khaganate.

Kievan Rus

According to the social and ethnic norms adopted at that time, most of the states that lived in those lands were called kaganates. So it was for many centuries. This did not escape and Kievan Rus, but from the end of the 9th century unified tribes were united, and Russia became a state. Did it Prince Oleg, who in 882 leaves Novgorod and kills Askold and Dir, the rulers of Kiev. Having united the tribes, he declared the lands Russian, and Kiev made the capital of the state.

Askold and Dir were governors of Rurik, who was called to the principality at first to Ladoga, and then to Novgorod. From Rurik, Duke of Jutland, a new dynasty of princes. Prince Oleg as his successor began to reign in Kiev after his capture.

Although Kiev was founded in the 5th century, and the territories around it and the tribes that lived there were called Russs, a single and strong state, Kievan Rus became in the 10th century. As was the custom in all rulers, Rurik had his own birthmark, based on his name.

Sign of Rurik

Initially, the coat of arms of Rurik was the image of a falcon. He was drawn then flying out of the nest, then standing on the wings.

On coins, dated 939, above the head of the falcon is a cross and three points, symbolizing the Holy Trinity. This is understandable, since Rurik was baptized while still living in Jutland.

Rorik of Jutland, a duke in exile, later became known as Rurik. He placed on his coat of arms, or, as they were then called, tamga, the image of the fastest falcon, the roach, as the name of the bird was consonant with his name. Thus, it can be said that Ladoga was given the coat of arms of the Danish Duke, to which there is evidence of numerous archaeological excavations.

This sign became common not only in the places where Rurik ruled, but also in other cities. So, at the tip of the belt cast from bronze, the falcon is depicted with a tail of two inverted V, and on the right wing and waist a cross is clearly visible. This tip was found in the barrow near Chernigov and dates from the end of the 9th - the beginning of the 10th century.

The graphic representation of the wings and the head of the falcon was the prototype and the basis of the tamga of Vladimir the Great. Since he was a bastard, his coat of arms had to differ from the signs of other princes, who in their basis had an inverted letter P and were two-edged.

Sign of Vladimir Krasnoe Solnyshko

Since the Rurikovichi constantly competed with the Khazar kingdom, the Khazar tamga is radically different from the signs of the genus of the Danish duke. So, in the "Lay of Igor's Host" all the princes of the Rurik people are called falcons, and the events of the story tell of the trips of the falconers to the Polovtsians, who are called Galitsians in the book: "Do not storm the falcons zanese through fields wide, crowds flock to the Great Don."

There are suggestions that the falcon was a totem of the great kind, to which belonged Rurik, whose closest relative was the Danish prince Amlet.

The modification of the falcon in a two-pronged, and then into a trident occurred gradually, until the sign of Vladimir acquired the features that today has the coat of arms of Ukraine.

Khazar tamga, which was originally based on a two-headed or three-headed dragon with wolf heads, has nothing to do with the coat of arms of the princes of Kiev. Tamga was called all the birthmarks of that time.

Numerous archaeological finds confirm this.

Emblem of Ukraine

Prior to Vladimir the Great, the signs of the Kiev princes were two-edged, symbolizing a falcon that soared into the sky. Above his head was a cross. After Vladimir began to rule Kiev, he changed the Rurikovich's two-pronged to a trident, being illegally born son. His symbol meant a falcon flying out their nests.

The modern coat of arms of Ukraine was first introduced as a symbol of the country in 1917 on state loan tickets.

Trident value

In ancient times, the trident meant a symbol of power over the underground, aboveground and earthly worlds. In different religions, he was given different forces. The ancient Greeks Poseidon with his help caused storms, and Christians are the symbol of the Trinity.

In this trident, nothing prevented being an instrument of both war and peace. With him appeared in the arena gladiators, and fishermen fished. Today, the trident is just an ancient symbol.