Discirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree. Treatment and diagnostics.

Dyscirculatory encephalopathy is a progressive circulatory insufficiency of the brain, which is caused by a violation of its basic functions. Dyscirculatory encephalopathy is a chronic progressive disease, one of the forms of cerebrovascular pathology. The disease is often found in the elderly, it is based on diffuse or multifocal brain damage, which manifests itself in the form of neuropsychological or neurological disorders and circulatory disorders. Discirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree is characterized by constant changes in the brain, which are often justified by repeated ischemia in different vascular pools. Ischemic episodes, depending on the size of the affected area, may be hidden or manifest as persistent or transient focal symptoms.

Discirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree. Symptoms

At the first stage of the disease, clinical symptoms manifest themselves on the principle of neurasthenia, then the neuropsychiatric defect begins to progress, accompanied by a disorder of memory, drives, motivations, emotions. Patients often note absent-mindedness, rapid fatigue, memory loss. Headache, fatigue, as well as some objective signs of organic brain damage that can be detected in a special study is a sign that progressive discirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree comes. Treatment at this stage should begin immediately. It is noteworthy that at this stage the patient's assessment of his working capacity does not coincide with the assessment of his co-workers. The asthenic syndrome may well regress if the situation changes at home or at work and during long rest. Treatment of this disease depends on the location of the foci and the severity of the disease.

Discirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree. Treatment.

At the heart of the treatment of discirculatory encephalopathy is hypotensive therapy, designed to slow the progression of the disease and prevent the development of complications. As a treatment for this complex disease most often used antiaggregants, nootropic and vasoactive drugs. Mandatory appointments are:

• ACE inhibitors are first-line drugs, they significantly improve the prognosis for patients with severe disease. These drugs include enalapril, captopril, perindopril.
• Antagonists of calcium. As a rule, long-acting drugs are prescribed, which are administered once a day. These include diphenylalkylamines (verapamil), dihydropyridines (nifedipine, nimodipine), benzodiazepines (diltiazem).
• Diuretics. Assigned in most cases, are divided into potassium-sparing, thiazide, loop.

Discirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree (treatment, which must necessarily include therapy improving the process of vascular metabolism) often gives relapses. To avoid them the most commonly used is cynarizine, vinpocetine, metamax, actovegin. Often, such treatment is added physiotherapy, reflexology, balneotherapy. With a rapid increase in cognitive impairment and neurological deficits, the patient is shown surgical treatment.

Discirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree. Treatment and diagnostics.

For dyscirculatory encephalopathy of the 2nd degree, latent little symptoms are typical, which subsequently begin to predominate in the clinical symptomatology with the prevalence of a neuropsychic defect. At this point, the patient may show a lack of critical attitude towards himself and his behavior, and there is a reappraisal of his actions and the state of working capacity. Dyscirculatory encephalopathy of grade 3 may already have pronounced symptoms of increasing dementia, parkinsonism, ataxia. At the very beginning, a neuropsychological defect can be detected in a special study, but with a progressive disease the patient has to change jobs, change living conditions and think about the disability group.