Fracture of lower leg and ankle.

The human shin consists of two bones - tibia and fibula. Tibial bone is large, and it accounts for the bulk of the weight during exercise. The fibula is thin, attached to the knee and ankle joints.

Ankle joint can be considered as a block. Therefore, the movement in it is possible only in one plane - to bend and unbend. The joint itself consists of both tibial bones (inner and outer ankles) - it is a fixed part of the joint, and the talus bone is its movable part.

Due to road accidents, gunshot wounds, sports injuries and a number of other troubles, the shin fracture is isolated or combined with an ankle fracture. Sometimes the crural bones are broken especially if there is a need to lengthen the legs. Since the bones of the shin are an integral part of the joints at both ends, the fractures in this place can be periarticular and intraarticular. Of all the road accidents that ended in a shin fracture, the most severe is a motorcycle accident. Motorcycle after the accident for some time drags the man behind him, falls on his leg and presses it down, which in some cases, in addition to fracture, leads to the crushing of soft tissues and their infection. And to end all this can be extremely tragic - gangrene develops, the victim may die.

Fracture of the tibia, which takes on the main burden in case of trauma, is necessarily accompanied by a fracture of the fibula. But the fibula may break and without accompaniment.

The main lesions of the diaphysis of the leg bones are of several varieties: transverse, oblique, helical, comminuted. If the fracture of the tibia is closed, then its sign is rapidly growing edema, pathological mobility, displacement of fragments and their crepitation (crunch), pain, deformity of the tibia, impaired limb function. This can be accompanied by pain shock and loss of consciousness. Damage to nearby nerves can cause damage to the innervation of the foot, which in the future is fraught with the immobility of the foot and changes in gait.

The structure of the bone at a young age is more dense and firm. Therefore, young fractures occur. At clients after 51 years bones become fragile because of what at this age there are more often fractures impressed. Fracture of the lower leg in the joint area is necessarily accompanied by damage to the ligament apparatus. This, in turn, can trigger the displacement of fragments of damaged bone. Damage to the joints can ultimately lead to contracture, which is difficult to combat during treatment and rehabilitation.

Gunshot fracture of the lower leg is most often accompanied by shock and severe bleeding. Such damage is complicated by suppuration, while consolidation slows down or bone loss is not observed at all, which can result in osteomyelitis. In this case, it is necessary to repeatedly operate the damaged limb.

Fracture of the ankle is often enough. He can not be treated well, which sometimes causes disability.

With such a trauma, as an ankle fracture, the symptoms are as follows: severe swelling, deformity and impaired mobility of the joint, inability to stand upright, powerful pain.

The main diagnostic method for the above-described lesions is radiography in two projections or computed tomography. Long-term treatment should be carried out in specialized hospitals by trauma specialists. Rehabilitation period can last up to several months and more.