Diesel engine power system - the heart of the engine

The power supply system of the diesel engine ensures a constant supply of diesel fuel to the pump, as well as dosed and timely injection of fuel into the cylinders. It must be completely sealed, so as not to allow outside air to be sucked into the fuel system of the engine.

The device of the diesel engine power supply system is relatively simple and includes such basic elements:

- fuel tank, which serves to store fuel;

- Air purification filter, to eliminate possible particles that are present in the air;

- fuel feed pump, for manual fuel pumping;

- high-pressure pump, serves to supply fuel to the injectors;

- injectors, designed for direct injection of fuel into cylinders;

- high-pressure fuel lines, as well as low-pressure fuel lines. Provide the supply of diesel fuel from the tank to the cylinders;

- exhaust gas pipeline and silencers, which serve for the removal of waste gases and reduce their noise.

Repair of the diesel engine power supply system consists in elimination of fuel supply irregularities, which can occur both in the case of leakage of the system and in the event of clogging of filters or pipelines. If there is a leak in the system, you can visually see the fuel leakage. In those areas that are under vacuum, you can determine the air suction by not completely unscrewing the plug that is on the filter for fine cleaning fuel, and seeing a turbid jet with air bubbles. If the power system of the diesel engine has ordered malfunctions, in order to eliminate them, it is necessary to restore the tightness and conduct the pumping of the low pressure fuel lines in order to remove the air that got there.

When replacing or carrying out the washing of fuel filters, a manual pump is used, by means of which the air is removed from the system. To do this, loosen the plugs in turn, first near the rear, and then the front ends of the fuel line, which is located on top of the high-pressure pump. After removing the air, the plugs are tightly tightened.

If the pump does not supply fuel properly, the cause may be a malfunction in the operation of the valves or the seizing of the piston. Also often the cause of a fuel pump failure is the breakage or weakening of the springs. The specified parts are changed to new ones, only this way you can eliminate the fault data.

If the diesel engine power system is faulty, some cylinders may fail to operate, there may also be increased smoke and a significant loss of engine power. Often the indicator of breakages in the specified system is a difficult and long- running engine start. This is due to the fact that the pump can not create the required fuel pressure, therefore, its supply decreases, it is also possible to change the fuel delivery moments. The most common malfunction of the pump is the large wear of the plunger pairs. This can lead to the use of contaminated fuel and fuel, which does not match the season. The use of high-quality fuel and replacement of fuel filters will significantly increase its service life. The plunger is changed only in the complete set with the sleeve, the replacement of one of the components will not lead to an improvement in the pump operation.

If the spring is loosened in the nozzle, the needle wears or becomes clogged, the fuel supply to the cylinders is disrupted. The needle is cleaned if it does not help, it needs to be replaced.

The power system of the diesel engine, although it is relatively simple and reliable, but like all equipment, requires careful and appropriate care, then it will serve a long time and do not create additional problems. Carry out scheduled maintenance of the fuel system, and you can avoid many of its malfunctions.