Sports and FitnessOutdoor Sports

Cross-country event. Skiing in Russia. Types of skiing

What kind of sport is the most exciting and beautiful? It is difficult to judge, but to the number of sports that have such characteristics, it is possible to attribute skiing. Competitions for it include ski races and jumps from a springboard.

History of the development of skiing. What's so unusual about it?

The history of the development of Nordic Combined is as interesting and beautiful as interesting and beautiful is this sport itself. Like many other types of skiing, he can consider Scandinavia his homeland. From the middle of last century in the Scandinavian countries began to organize winter activities of various kinds. Their program necessarily included competitions in various types of skiing. The year of birth of Nordic combined is 1892. It was then that a winter festival was held in Holmenkollen (this is such a small town in Norway). During it, competitions for this beautiful and complex sport took place for the first time. In the early 20th century this festival turned into an international tournament. In 1922, the Norwegian king even took part in it.

This festival is held in the Norwegian city and in our time. It is interesting that those athletes who managed to achieve high results in Nordic combined were considered to be true professionals in skiing in Norway. It is for this reason that it is not surprising that with such a strong popularity of this sport he was included in the program of the first winter Olympic Games. They occurred in 1924 in France. Since then, the sport has never been excluded from the program of the main start of the four-year period, only some changes were made to its rules.

What is the essence of these rules?

Competitions for Nordic Combined events usually last for two days. During the first day, athletes jumping from a springboard with a height of 90 meters, in the second - compete in a ski race and run 15 km. The latter is performed by a free style.

The trampolines did not always have such a height. Previously, they were significantly lower. For example, from 1924 to 1952 it was only 60 meters. However, for different types of cross-country skiing and the height of the springboard, and the duration of the distance are different.

What kinds of skiing are divided into two?

  1. Individual competitions.
  2. Team competitions.
  3. Sprint.

In the first case, the participant jumps twice from a springboard with a height of 90 meters and runs in a 15 km race.

In the second - each of the four team members makes two jumps from a springboard with a height of 90 meters. Based on the results of the first day, they are awarded points. The number of points determines the sequence number of the participant in the race. This race is a 4 to 5 km relay race. The winner is the team whose member can reach the finish line first.

In the third case, the doubles jump from a springboard with a height of 120 meters, and then run on skis for a distance of 7.5 km.

Of course, these data are given for the competition of adult athletes. For children, the height of the trampoline and the length of the race is less.

Many participants of competitions in all kinds of sport bring souvenirs from each start. Did not fall behind in this respect and the Nordic combined. The badge dedicated to this sport was released, in particular, among the souvenirs of the Olympic Games in Sochi.

Was the history of the appearance of skiing in our country as beautiful as the history of the appearance of Nordic combined?

When did the development of professional skiing in Russia begin? From the middle of the 19th century. Predictably, sports clubs for fans of skiing appeared in St. Petersburg and Moscow. In 1894 the first circle of skiers was opened. The initiative came from seven fans of ski walks and 13 participants of the capital's club of cyclists.

Officially, the club opened in 1895. This date can rightly be considered the birth anniversary of skiing in our country. In other cities of Russia there were no ski clubs, but many citizens for their own pleasure arranged ski walks.

If we return to Nordic Combined, the first competitions in this sport in our country were held in 1912 in St. Petersburg.

Only men's sport at the Olympics

Few people will argue that skiing is a rather complex sport in physical terms . Perhaps, for this reason, the Olympic competitions are held only among men. Nevertheless, there are proposals to include in the program of the main start of the quadrennial competition for this sport and in the women's category. For example, Sarah Hendrickson, the world champion in ski jumping, after the Olympic finals in this sport (she was only there 21st) expressed her hope that women's skiing will be included in the Olympic program one day.

What equipment do you need to have to go in for Nordic combined?

For racing on skis:

  • Special shoes, the back of which is snug against the ankle and minimizes the pressure on it during running;
  • Narrow skis. They should be lighter than for skiing;
  • Fasteners to fix your feet on skis;
  • Long and straight ski poles. In length they can be up to the neck of the athlete.
  • The costume should be sewn from a stretch fabric designed specifically for skiing;
  • Lubricant for skis. Its choice depends on the weather and the conditions of the route.

For jumping from a springboard:

    • Flexible shoes. They must have a high lift. This is necessary so that the skier has the opportunity to lean forward strongly during the jump;
    • Strong fasteners. They are designed to prevent the swinging of skis during the jump.

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