Conscious and unconscious human psyche

The human psyche is a very interesting phenomenon. Formed in the process of historical evolution, represents the highest stage of development. Due to the presence of advanced and active reflection, which is carried out by the brain and sense organs, a person is able not only to adapt to the surrounding reality, but actively and constantly changing it.

It is due to the fact that the psyche is so complex, two layers are "separated" - the conscious and the unconscious. The study of this aspect was devoted to a large number of works by the scientist Z. Freud, who was able to explain much in their functioning, to answer some basic questions.

In ancient times it was believed that a person has only consciousness, so he can control almost everything. But the dissonance that exists in the psychic life, constantly raised new questions. People always wanted to find the answer to the following questions:

1. How do dreams arise?
2. How can they be interpreted?
3. Why does a person have dreams?
4. How are automatic actions and skills formed?
5. Because of what a person makes clerks and reservations?
6. How does a strong desire arise?

Therefore, sooner or later the question that there is a conscious and unconscious in the human psyche should have arisen. The last phenomenon was considered by scientists as a piggy bank of all repressed, secret thoughts and desires of man.

But it can not be said that the conscious and the unconscious have a close relationship. To be more precise, they most likely act as "neighbors" who live in the same house, but very rarely visit each other. So, a person who is conscious is not always able to guess about his hidden thoughts and desires, which are stored in the unconscious. These neighbors do not always "get along well with each other" and do not know until the end what the "other" does. Let us consider in more detail how the conscious and the unconscious among themselves "agree", relying on the concept of the structure of the personality, which was developed by Z. Freud.

According to her, our consciousness, called "I", is a collection of knowledge about the inner and outer worlds. Therefore, a person has the idea that he is a representative of the species Homo sapiens, what is his name, social position and so on. This layer covers the system of all the most important cognitive processes that help enrich all knowledge. But, in this interpretation, a person would remain a self-developing robot. Only the complex "conscious and unconscious" is able to "revive" such a psyche. How?

The unconscious ("IT") fulfills the stimulating function. Due to needs and motives, a person is able to constantly move forward, trying to achieve what he wants in this or that sphere of his life. But, if he follows each of his desires, he will behave like an animal in behavior.

That is why, Freud singled out the third component in the personality structure - "SUPER-I", which is very important for human socialization. What is its function?

SUPER-I covers those areas of the human psyche that make it a participant in social space. It includes: morality, value orientations, ideals. It is the moral component that is capable of "pacifying" the unconscious "IT", dictating to the consciousness of man how to act in accordance with the norms and laws adopted in a given society. The parents of the child are responsible for the formation of this layer, as it "fills" in preschool and school age.

So it turns out how closely the morality, consciousness and unconscious are closely connected . Human psychology will not be able to function fully without their participation.