Anti-bedsore agents and their types

Oxygen and nutrients circulate through the capillaries to the internal organs. The walls of the vessels are delicate and when they are squeezed the blood flow slows down. It happens that a person does not move more than two hours. In this case, the receipt of blood and ceases altogether. Such a process provokes the appearance of necrosis of soft tissues.

If you do not use anti-bedsore, necrosis will affect the muscle and bone tissue in all layers. The degree of necrosis is determined by the depth of the pathological process. There are four stages of defeat.

Which parts of the body are affected most often?

The place of formation of necrosis of the skin directly depends on the position that the patient takes.

Most bedsores appear in the following areas of the body:

• The back of the head, shoulder blades, rump and heels. In this case, the patient lies on his back.
• The area of flexion of the limbs, as the skin in these areas is delicate.
• Ankles with the patient on his side.

How to help in this case and prevent the development of deep injuries? First of all, you should determine the cause of the pathological process, pay attention to provoking factors, and, of course, choose special anti-bedsore agents (ointments, creams, gels, bandages) that help caring for the skin of a sick person.

Degrees of necrosis

• The first degree. It manifests itself in a slight reddening without disturbing the structure of the skin. After a light massage or a change in the body posture, it passes.
• The second degree. With it, redness is noted, which does not go away even after changing the posture. Perhaps the appearance of painful ulcers, blisters, erosions, vesicles, superficial growths. Skin structure is damaged.
• The third degree is expressed in deep skin lesions. At this stage, all layers of the skin are inflamed. The stage is characterized by swelling, ulcers with indentations and intense redness. Ulcers are filled with yellow or red granulation. Wounds exude an unpleasant smell.
• The fourth degree is a dead skin area with an abundance of ulcers filled with pieces of black skin.

Causes of decubitus

The main causes of tissue necrosis include:

• Long-term presence of a person in a supine position (patients who have suffered a stroke, heart attack, spine trauma, etc.);
• Incontinence of urine and feces;
• Increased sweating;
• Dirty and wet bedding;
• Insufficient skin hygiene;
• Presence of folds on the sheet, buttons on clothes, crumbs in bed;
• Diseases of blood vessels and heart;
• Presence of diabetes mellitus.

A number of important reasons for the appearance of necrosis include:

• Careless treatment of bedridden patients.
• Rapid reversal.
• Rare change of linen.
• Pressurization of the skin by the vessel, during which the smallest capillaries burst. The flow of blood to these areas is severely disrupted.

The anti-bedsore funds in Mogilev pharmacies are represented by a wide assortment of various ointments and creams for patients suffering from bedsores. Means are able to kill the process of necrosis of skin tissues and significantly improve the quality of life of the patient.

Basics of prophylaxis of bedsores

The main task that faces a person caring for a lying patient is the implementation of preventive measures that help to prevent necrosis of the skin. Pressure sores bring pain and very difficult therapy. It is always easier to carry out preventive procedures than dooming a loved one to incredible suffering and prolonged therapy.

Prevention of necrosis includes a number of activities that are carried out continuously. It should be noted a key rule: careful care for the skin of the patient should include daily rubbing and washing.

Basic means for prophylaxis of bedsores

For prophylactic purposes, the following anti-bedsore agents are used:

• Ointments;
• Gels;
• Bandages;
• Mattresses;
• Pillows;
• Inflatable rubber band;
• Irradiators based on quartz.

Therapy of pressure sores

The pathological process of the first and second degree can be eliminated at home by means such as anti-bedsore agents, and treatment takes a long time. But the result is worth it. Bedsores of the third and fourth degree are eliminated only in a hospital.

Therapy for necrosis of the skin includes two stages:

• Restoration of blood flow in the damaged area;
• Purification of the wound from pus and necrotic inclusions.

Restoration of blood circulation is possible with the help of mattresses, massage, changing the patient's body position.

For purification of necrotic wounds and their regeneration special bandages are provided.

According to the type of impact on the damaged area, bandages from decubitus are divided into two categories:

• Cleansing. They draw pus and exudate.
• Healing. Such agents contribute to the regeneration of tissues.

Division is conditional, since all dressings contribute to cleansing and accelerating the restoration of the structure of the skin.

Bandages against decubitus have different forms:

• Anti-bedsore hygiene products that are used to stop necrosis in easily accessible areas of the human body. Usually, products are in the form of a square or rectangle.
• Bandages designed to treat the sacrum area. They have the form of a butterfly or a heart.
• Products to eliminate decubitus on the heels. A bandage with the shape of a butterfly or a shamrock is used.

Cleansing bandages against necrosis

The most common model of bandages for decubitus are products with a cleansing effect. To date, a high degree of efficiency has the application of "Hydrocol", "HydroSorb", "TenderVet Activati".

The bandage "Gidrokoll" is superimposed on the affected area for 3-8 days. It helps to cleanse the wound, absorbs purulent contents, turning it into a gel-like state.

The bandage "Hydrosorb" promotes the creation of a moist environment in the wound, which stimulates the rejection of dead tissue and its healing.

Bandages of the firm "TenderVet" "Activiti" are created in the form of soft pads. They are impregnated with Ringer's raster, which creates the effect of an uninterrupted washing of the wound during the day. They tear necrotic tissue and promote the regeneration of the damaged skin area.

Cleansing and pulling bandages for deep wounds

What are the means for the anti-bedsore? Species calculated for deep bedsores with the presence of exudate and pus, are diverse. Among them, it should be noted "Sorbalgon" and "PermaForm".

The basis of "Sorbalgon" is a sterile material, which introduces into the deepening of an extensive decubitus. The material contributes to the absorption of pus, cleans the bottom of the wound, is hardened, and then easily removed from the wound. If the bottom is decubitus clean, the cotton material takes the form of a gel, disinfects the wound and flows out of it itself.

The "Permanform" bandage is a matrix on the basis of a sponge. It also absorbs pus and exudate. Removed without pain. Leaves behind a medium that promotes the healing of necrosis.

Means for healing

The most common means in the form of a bandage are "Atrauman" and "Branolind." What features do these antidecubicides have?

The "Atrauman" bandage has a mesh base. It is covered with a very thin layer of silver and hydrophilic ointment. The product has a bactericidal property, provides disinfection of the wound and promotes the early regeneration of the damaged area.

The bandage "Branolind" also consists of a mesh that is permeated with Peruvian balm. The product has antiseptic and healing effect.

Overview of gels

Antidecubital funds are represented by a wide segment of various gels. Among the brands of creams used to treat skin necrosis, the following should be noted:

• Gel "Argosulfan". The active ingredient is sulfatiazole. It inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogens. Auxiliary substance are silver ions. They increase the therapeutic effect of sulfatizol, and also help inhibit the growth of bacterial flora. The hydrophilic base of the drug has an analgesic effect, moisturizes the wound and accelerates the process of its regeneration. Concentration of the base of the cream does not have a toxic effect. The treatment of decongestants with "Argosulfan" cream can be performed by an open method or used in conjunction with an occlusive dressing. The drug should be applied to the entire surface of a disinfected wound 2-3 mm thick two or three times a day. The course of treatment is 2 months. The remedy is applied daily. A similar action is possessed by such anti-bedsore agents as "Sulfargin" and "Dermazin".
• Cream "Iruksol". The composition of the drug includes collagenase of chloramphenicol and concomitant enzymes. Enzymatic means ensures the purification of pressure sores, prevents the decay of necrotic tissues, deprives the bacteria of the nutrient medium, has an antibacterial effect. The cream is applied to the disinfected skin. The drug ensures rapid healing of damaged tissues.
• Ointment "Levosin B". The basis of the drug is levomitsitin, which has an antimicrobial effect. Also, sulfadimethoxin, which promotes wound healing, methyluracil and local anesthetic trimecaine, is included in the drug. Ointment has a quick therapeutic effect. It helps to clean up pressure sores from pus and exudate, as well as healing of the affected surface. It is applied daily. It is applied to the disinfected surface and covered with a bandage. Perhaps its introduction into the cavity with pus by means of a syringe.
• Remedy "Levomekol". In addition to methyluracil, chloramphenicol is included in the formulation. This tool helps to heal wounds. It is used in the presence of pressure sores and infections, as well as in the purulent stage of the necrotic process.
• Metronidazole cream. Its basis is an antibacterial agent. The gel is used with the dressing material and helps to remove the unpleasant odor from the wounds. In the presence of bedsores with abundant secretions of pus or exudate, bandages based on styrofoam with metronidazole are used. In the presence of dry bedsores, bandages with hydrogel are used.
• Hydrogel "Intrasite" provides cleansing of the skin of necrotic tissues, gently cares for the skin. The hydrogel is used with an external bandage, the frequency of the change depends on the condition of the wound. The agent provides a quick cleansing of the affected tissue, because under its influence, exudation and pus are stretched. "Intrasite" is a pure amorphous gel, which includes water, propylene glycol and a modified carboxymethylcellulose polymer.

Remedies for decubitus on the heel

Anti-bedsores for heels are represented by a wide range. Among them, the "Comfil" product is very popular. It is equipped with special "ears" for fixation on the leg. Pillow has a round ergonomic shape, repeating the contours of the heel. It is used to heal clean wounds on the surface of the heel without symptoms of infection with necrosis.

The product serves as an excellent protection of inflamed tissue, as well as prevention from secondary infection. Depending on the extent of damage, the use of 2-5 dressings is recommended. Exposure time is 2-5 days.

If the wound contains necrosis of exudate or pus, then an antidecubital remedy for heels, Helping to cleanse the wound and stop the inflammatory process. Among them, it should be noted "Protex-TM." The product promotes rapid healing of the affected skin.

Advantages of the "Comfil Plus" bandage with the overhead circle

The "Comfil Plus" bandage is an improved model. The advantage of the product lies in the availability of special padding rings. They are located on the outer and inner sides of the product, they are extracted one at a time, starting from the center of the bandage.

To select the right size, special elastic "ears" are provided, allowing you to securely fix the bandage in the heel area. The product provides rapid healing of the wound, accelerates the process of tissue regeneration, prevents the penetration of the secondary infection into the bedsore. One dressing is enough for 2-6 days. A rare change is useful for the early healing of the wound, and also provides the patient with comfort.

The main advantages of bandages:

• The product is soft and elastic;
• Can remove pain;
• Nerve endings and inflamed tissue are safely protected with absorbent gel;
• The dressing does not cause injury, does not cause pain when changing, does not cause allergies;
• The secure fixation of the product is provided by an adhesive edge without the presence of additional dressings.

Before applying the dressing it is recommended to disinfect the heel surface. For this purpose, a tool such as "Furacilin" or "Rivanol" can be used. The skin around the wound is dried. The size of the dressing should be 2 cm more than the size of the wound. The dressing is superimposed on the inflamed skin and is fixed on the healthy skin by means of "ears". The rings are removed until the product stops loading the heel. With the absorption of pus and exudate, the dressing changes its color. It becomes transparent. In this case, it needs a change.

Anti-bedsore agents (bandages) are not used for deep bedsores with the presence of wounds and wound pockets. Also not used in the infection of necrosis.

Reviews about modern anti-decubitus products

Anti-bedsore agents (creams, gels, bandages), according to many, have a high level of effectiveness in stopping the necrotic skin process. The products are very convenient to use. Do not give the patient discomfort. And most importantly, in the shortest possible time can remove the main symptoms of skin lesions at the 1 st or 2 nd stage.

Anti-bedsore means, which are the best reviews, relieve swelling and pain, eliminate exudative and pus from decubitus, have an antimicrobial effect, interfere with the development of secondary infection.

Folk recipes against decubitus

In addition to the funds offered by official medicine, there are many recipes used by the people. They are based on natural ingredients, which have anti-inflammatory and soothing effects on the skin.

How do you make anti-bedsore? Folk recipes are different.

Below are some of the most common:

In glass utensils, 5 drops of essential oil are placed in myrtle, chamomile and tea tree. The mixture is added 2 tbsp. L. Jojoba oil and 12 drops of lavender oil. The mixture is thoroughly mixed and placed in a dark place. Drip drops of 2-6 drops per wound, and then covered with a dry bandage. It is advised to apply twice a day. Before use, the product is shaken. Such a recipe can remove pain, eliminate infection, swelling and an unpleasant odor from necrosis.

The following recipe gives the skin a feeling of purity and freshness. Take 100 g of camphor alcohol and shampoo for children. The components are thoroughly mixed. The resulting mixture wipes wounds.

Ointment based on calendula flowers. It should take 20 g of dried flowers and grind them in a coffee grinder. To the powder is added 50 g of Vaseline. Everything is thoroughly mixed. The mixture is applied to the wound 2-3 times a day.

The next remedy relieves pain and swelling, eliminates the infectious process in necrosis. You should take 100 g of sunflower oil and add to it 30 g of beeswax. Everything is thoroughly mixed and cooled. Ointments lubricate the inflamed skin.

This recipe is simple and effective. It should be crushed two onions, add to the resulting mass of 2 tbsp. L. Vegetable oil. Onion is cooked in enameled dishes for 20 minutes, then filtered through a colander. In the remaining oil, one should melt 1/4 of the church candle. With this ointment, necroses are lubricated twice a day. The mixture is stored in a closed jar in the refrigerator.

Conclusion

Bedsore is a violation of the structure of the skin. The process is provoked by squeezing the capillaries. Most pathology is observed in bedridden patients. To prevent the development of necrosis, it is advisable to carry out preventive measures. The main condition is the observance of hygiene measures.

In the case of the appearance of pathology, it is possible to assist the patient at home only at the initial stages. To this end, various anti-bedsore agents (ointments, dressings, creams and gels) that have an anti-inflammatory effect are used. Modern drugs have a high degree of efficiency.

In the latter stages, necrosis is difficult to treat, since the process acquires a profound character. In this case, the patient needs therapy in a hospital setting.