Combine "Yenisei" -1200: description, technical characteristics, reviews

Agriculture is one of the most labor-intensive directions of the national economy, and therefore, industry management pays close attention to its industrialization and the provision of high-performance machinery. Therefore, in this article we will talk about the "Yenisei" -1200 combine harvester, the use of which makes it possible to substantially increase the rate of harvesting.

Historical reference

This agricultural machine is produced by the Krasnoyarsk Combine Plant, which began its work in 1941, far from us. The first copy of "Yenisei" -1200 came off the assembly line in 1985. The combine is equipped in such a way that it has high productivity in large fields. His work in small areas is irrational, since the machine requires a large working space.

Main purpose

"Yenisei" -1200 serves for the collection of grain, spiky crops both by direct and by separate combining. With the help of additional adaptations, the combine can collect corn, sunflower, legumes, soy, cereals. To collect not the grain part of the grown crop, a staller or pick-up is used.

Basic Model

At its core the machine contains a four-stroke diesel engine and two drum-type drums. With the help of the front drum, the ears are processed in the middle part, which ensures the process of basic threshing. The second drum, located behind, has to process the top and bottom of the ears. This separation, together with the availability of a shaker, guarantees a maximum reduction in losses. Depending on the overall dimensions of the field and the type of crop to be harvested, the harvester is equipped with reapers of the required size.

Engine

The diesel unit is located on the roof of the threshing unit directly behind the hopper. Mounts the motor to the frame with shock absorbers and consists of four cylinders. The water radiator has an intermediate cooling system for the flow of hot air.

The crankshaft transfers the rotation to the clutch on the left, which in turn interacts with the thresher. A twisting shaft drives a hydraulic pump or a chassis, a diesel generator, a water pump and a fan.

Electrical system

"Enisey" -1200 has a twelve-volt single-wire direct current system, the "minus" of which is connected directly to the combine housing. Serves the system to provide light to the driver's cab, the normal functioning of the windshield wiper, the fan, power of instrumentation, external signal and lighting devices. Some models of the machine are equipped with an electric starter motor start. The battery is charged using the converter that comes with the kit. The output current must not be above 5 amperes.

Control

In order to make it easier for the operator to drive the Yenisei-1200 harvesting machine, the device of which we consider in detail in this article, we operate a hydraulic system that consists of a special metering pump, a hydraulic cylinder, and a gear pump. The dosing pump is located directly under the driver's platform and is connected to the steering wheel mechanically. The power pump is connected to the dosing unit by means of a propshaft. Such a system makes it possible to control the rudder both during operation of the power pump and at the moment of its shutdown.

Hydraulic part

The Yenisei-1200 combine, whose reviews are exceptionally positive, has two hydraulic systems: one for steering, the other for main. The latter is designed to control the excavator, reel, reaper, power the vibrator to accelerate the unloading of the collected grain.

In turn, "Yenisei" -1200-N and "Yenisei" -1200-NM use a hydraulic system to regulate the speed of the machine itself. In the hydraulic scheme of these combines are: gear hydraulic pump, hydraulic vibrators, hydraulic cylinders, safety valve, protecting the unit from overloads.

Transmission Features

Depending on the modification of the combine, a speed variator of a mechanical or hydraulic type can be used in it. In this regard, the driving axle can have constructive differences.

If it is a mechanical gearbox, then it is placed on the leading bridge on the left. It is based on the work of gears (gears). Also, there is necessarily a brake for the first shaft and a locking mechanism. Reducers located on the sides, planetary type. On the input shaft is mounted a clutch, which is in a constantly on-state.

If the drive axle is hydraulically operated, it is equipped with two-stage geared gears, a hydraulic motor and a gearbox. Brakes are of a separate type, disc. Their control is carried out with the help of pedals. In the gearbox, which, in turn, is fixed to the beam of the bridge, sliding gears for switching ranges are installed.

Mechanisms hinged

The main working unit of the combine is the header. "Yenisei" -1200 is equipped with this front-type mechanism. Serves a header to cut the ears. Its body is in a hinged joint with an inclined chamber, mounted directly on the mechanism of the milking. The hinges used are three: in the center there is a spherical hinge, and on the sides there are two spring hinges. This structural feature of the combine allows you to copy the terrain of the treated area both across and along the field. Also on the header of the machine are installed: auger, cutting mechanism, equipped with single forged steel fingers, reel with eccentrics. The drive chain type has two circuits.

Depending on how the harvesting of the lower part of the crop ears takes place, a kopnitel or a chopper-spreader is used.

The excavator is in the closed position using the hydraulic system of the combine. Also, the digger is equipped with a light alarm and a mechanism for pressing hay.

The work of the chopper-spreader is due to the drive of the motor. The rotation from the motor to the unit is transmitted via a V-belt drive. The shredder consists of a steel frame with a drum, and on the hinge elements are fixed blade knives. On the pallet the spreading unit is hinged.

Models

Combines "Yenisei" -1200-1 and 1200-1M have a distinctive feature, which consists in having one drum, and not two, as provided in the basic model. Also these machines are equipped with an autonomous mechanism. Combines are designed to work in fields with a high level of humidity.

Combine "Yenisei" -1200-RM has a caterpillar spring chassis. The machine serves to harvest rice. It also excellently processes other crops where the terrain is highly humid. In addition, the harvester is endowed with the following features: the straw walker is highly active due to the increased separation area, and the thresher has two different drums, one of which is produced by the billet, and the second has a pin configuration. The swivel part of the bridge is made on the basis of a friction gear.

Models 1200-NMSH and 1200-1NMSH also serve for harvesting soy and rice. However, the soil on which these harvesters work should be either completely dry or slightly moistened, since these machines are equipped with wheels, not caterpillars.

"Yenisei" -1200-N is equipped with wheels from a powerful tractor T-150 and therefore this combine is characterized by excellent cross-country ability. It was developed specifically for maintenance of non-chernozem fields.

Combine harvester "Enisey" -1200-1NM since 2003 is an improved version of the basic model with a pair of balsa drums. High-performance and powerful machine, in fact, became a bridge between the series 1200 and 950 (Ruslan).

Distinctive features of the combine can be considered a very powerful motor, hydraulic transmission, reinforced version of the driving bridge, optimized grain hopper. The thresher received a large separation area thanks to the lengthening of the shaker keys.

Technical indicators

The basic model of the combine "Yenisei" is endowed with such characteristics:

• The engine is SMD-22.
• The engine's operating power is 103 kW.
• The rated speed is 2000 rpm.
• Number of cylinders - 4 pcs.
• The diameter of the working cylinder is 12 centimeters.
• Piston movement - 14 cm.
• Specific fuel consumption is 224-233 g / kWh.
• The rotation of the drive shaft occurs at a speed of 199 rpm.
• The maximum transport speed is 18 km / h.
• The maximum working speed is 8 km / h.
• The machine has a machine capacity of 9 t / h.
• Screw productivity is 17 kg / s.
• Threshing machine - two-drum type.
• The threshing width is 1.2 m.
• The drum is 0.55 m.
• The drum shaft rotates at a speed of 500 to 1250 rpm.
• The cut is 5-18 cm.
• The width of the header is 6.5 meters.
• The design weight is 9.73 tons.
• The grain bunker (volume) is 4.5 cubic meters.
• The minimum turning radius of the machine is 7.5 m.
• The base is 3.5 m.
• The width of the track of the leading pair of wheels is 2.4 m.
• The width of the wheel track of slaves is 2.3 m.
• The height of the machine is 3.8 m.

In general, the "Yenisei" -1200 combine harvester, whose repair is best entrusted to narrow-profile specialists, has proved itself in practice.

Computer toy

To date, almost every branch of human life has been transferred to virtual reality, and agriculture is no exception in this matter. There are already a lot of games in which the user can feel like a real farmer or farmer. In many of them, the "Yenisei" -1200 combine harvester is used, developed by curious players or experienced computer specialists. With the help of such a simulation, anyone can feel at the wheel of this powerful combine.