Clutch in car

The clutch is designed for short-term separation of the engine and transmission for the period of gear changes and promotes smooth starting from the place. If we consider directly the mechanism of disc engagement, then its work is carried out due to frictional forces, which appear between the contacting surfaces. Clutch discs themselves are of two types: leading, that is, with a flywheel, and driven, that is, with which the clutch of YUMZ is connected. The device of the clutch differs depending on the number of clutch discs, which can be either one or two.

There are three main types of coupling: mechanical, hydraulic and electromagnetic.

Today, not many cars are equipped with an electromagnetic clutch or an ETM clutch. In general, electromagnetic clutches have a very wide range of applications, but because of the complexity of their design, large applications in cars have not received. Thus, ETM couplings are often used in the machinery of metal-cutting machines and other production machines. Naturally, the widest application they found in the gearbox. Advantages of electromagnetic couplings:

• Protect against overloads (both engine and machine);
• Retain the previous torque value;
• Due to the slipping of the discs soften blows and shocks.

This clutch has the following significant advantages:

• Guaranteed quick start of mechanisms with load;
• The losses of idling are significantly reduced, which normalizes the heat balance of the operated device;
• Protects the mechanism from impulsive loading.

Specifically, in cars, either mechanical or hydraulic clutches are most often used. Depending on the type of car. For example, on tractors and other agricultural machinery, hydraulic clutches are mainly installed. This clutch has the following advantages:

• Kinetic energy of the fluid;
• Small percentage of wear of parts, smoothness of the beginning of the course;
• High efficiency and smooth damping of all shock loads.

Also such couplings can be dry or oily, one- or two-disc, closed or open.

If the clutch has certain malfunctions, it becomes impossible to smoothly switch gears, therefore, the normal start of the vehicle is prevented. Clutch couplings can also be distinguished by the pressing force: with a central or peripheral spring, respectively, there is a semi-centrifugal or centrifugal clutch.

The usual clutch, as a rule, consists of the following parts: flywheel, clutch release fork, central pressure spring and primary gearbox shaft, clutch cover mounting bolt, driven disc, pressure plate, clutch housing, clutch release clutch, clutch cover. But for different types of cars, and, in general, for different types of machines and machines, the clutch is manufactured differently and can have a fundamentally different structure.