China In Xix W.

The anti-foreign movement in China in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Was a complex combination of two principles - traditional xenophobia and anti-capitalist, and then anti-imperialist orientation of the movement, which is of a modern nature. The first was inherited from antiquity and the Middle Ages, the second was the result of the expansion of the West. Both components are united into a single whole. Its formation can be dated by the actions of "detachments of pacification of the British" and an anti-English boycott in Guangdong during the first "opium" war and after it in 1840-1851.)

In the future, this process took various forms - the boycott of imported fabrics (the 1970s), the destruction of the first factories (late 60s - early 80s), anti-commission activities, the struggle against the first railway (1875-1877) and telegraph. Both the purely traditional xenophobia and the purely anti-colonialist movement in the conditions of transitional China become impossible outside the framework of mutual synthesis, combined with Shenshi patriotism, guild-guild boycotts, the actions of secret societies, the inertia of the peasant rebel consciousness, the ideological backwardness of the first generation of the Chinese proletariat, the Luddite Moods of artisans, peasants and transport workers. China In the Xix V .....

With the growth of the Chinese bourgeoisie, the synthesis of the old Great-Han chauvinism and bourgeois nationalism by the oppressed nation, in this case the Chinese, which was reflected in the competitive struggle of national capital and the bourgeoisie shanupi against the foreign sector in China, was added to these already complex layers. Since the 70s of the XIX century. Began a new period of aggressive wars of the bourgeois world against China - this time territorial or colonial wars. In 1874, Japan attempted to seize Taiwan Island. In the years 1884-1885. France fought against China because of Vietnam.

Ten years later, Japan fought against China because of Korea. The Japanese-Chinese War of 1894-1895. Was a kind of turning point - the seizure of Chinese territory began. According to the Shimonoseki Treaty of 1895, the Chinese province of Taiwan and the Penghu Peninsula moved to Japan. This served as a signal for the division of China itself into "spheres of influence" in 1897-1898, "zones of monopoly interests" and "leased territories." A complex network of agreements on external loans, concessions, various conventions and diplomatic representations of the powers to China, as well as a network of imperialist agreements on the delimitation of economic and political interests, practically formalized the section of the Middle State.

China In Xix W.