Cherry Black large: description of the variety, planting and care

Cherry is the favorite of many connoisseurs of appetizing and healthy berries. From her brew compotes and jams, use to decorate dishes and prepare delicate vareniki, cheesecakes and various pastries. Modern varieties of this tree give sweet fruits, comparable in taste with cherries. Especially the sweet berries of the Cherry are large, but to get a plentiful harvest you need to know about some important rules of caring for it.

Black varieties of cherries with large fruits

Modern gardeners often prefer to grow cherries in their summer cottage, considering it less demanding of the conditions of detention. But breeders managed to bring out hybrid cherries, not inferior to her taste and appearance. They have a sprawling crown and large black berries, weighing up to 7 grams. Trees are divided into several groups, according to the timing of fruit ripening. Among the middle-aged people are cherry Zhukovskaya, Kharitonovskaya, Black consumer goods, to the late ones - Youth and Turgenevka, to the early ones - Shokoladnitsa. These are small plants, mostly up to 4 meters in height. Another variety - the Black large, was bred by A. Ya. Voronchikhina, a breeder in the Voronezh berry nursery. It is obtained by crossing the varieties of cherry Zhukovskaya and Shirpotec black, therefore it belongs to the mid-season hybrids.

Description of grade Black large

The tree stands out with its sprawling crown of a pyramidal shape. The bark on the shoots is dark green, the trunk is gray, not cracked, slightly rough. Long shoots of small thickness, with large interstices. The foliage is large, glossy, dark green with teeth at the edge. The flowers are large, collected in inflorescences of 2-3 pieces. The petals are white, change the shade to a darker color by the time of flowering. The berries of the Cherry Black large round form, weighing 5-7 g. Differ delicate juicy pulp and very sweet taste. The stone easily leaves, which facilitates the processing of fruits when preparing various dishes.

Features of the hybrid

A distinctive feature of this variety is the high yield and fast ripening of the fruit. The seedlings begin to bear fruit at the age of 6-8 years, the yield from one tree is an average of 20 kg of berries. The advantage of Cherry Black is its frost resistance. Hybrid is able to withstand the frost to -34 degrees, while the branches will not suffer from cold weather. The variety can withstand arid periods, which is important in areas with an unpredictable climate. The lack of moisture practically does not affect the yield. Cherry Black large is distinguished by universal application, and equally successfully used for creating jams or compotes, and for fresh consumption. Berries can be frozen in the freezer and stored for two months. Thanks to the early period of fruiting, in the beginning of July you can enjoy the juicy fruits of this variety.

Disadvantages of the variety

The main drawback of the Cherry Black variety is the low resistance to various fungal diseases. It does not tolerate excess moisture and is often infected with moniliasis or coccomicosis. The tree lives only 15 years, with age the abundance of the crop falls. Despite frost resistance, it does not tolerate drafts, because these plants are planted in areas protected from the wind.

Black cherry: planting and care in the open ground

To obtain an abundant harvest of berries, it is important to choose the right place for planting a cherry tree. It should be well illuminated and warmed by the sun, but in rare cases the penumbra is also suitable. It is best to plant the plant on the south side. It is important to protect the seedling from cold winds and choose a site where groundwater is not close to the ground surface. Do not choose the lowlands, where the stagnant water and snow melts. Planting cherries and outdoor care begins with the selection of soil. To the composition of the soil, cherries are undemanding, but prefer light loamy or sandy loamy soil. Planting pit is prepared in advance, introducing with a break at least a week first lime, and then organic fertilizers, for example, compost. At 1 m², 400 g of lime and about 10 kg of compost will be needed.

The ideal planting time for Cherry Black is a large spring - early spring. In mid-April, when the soil has warmed up enough, and the buds in the trees have not yet blossomed, they begin to dig a hole. Dimensions are selected based on the root system of the plant. The standard width is usually 80 cm and the depth is 60 cm. The excavated soil is mixed with humus, superphosphate, potassium chloride and wood ash. The peg is driven into the center of the pit so that its upper part is 40 cm above the soil, a part of the soil mixture is poured onto the bottom and a seedling is put on it. The root neck is not buried, it should be 7 cm above the surface. Then the pit is covered with the remaining earth, it is rammed and a hollow is made around the tree to facilitate watering. A bucket of water is poured under the root, the soil is mulched with slips, peat crumb or humus and the seedling is tied to a stick.

Care of cherry seedlings

Care for cherry varieties Black large has its own nuances. Due to susceptibility to fungal diseases, watering the plant should be carefully, trying not to flood the root system. This hybrid is drought-resistant, therefore it is better not to moisten the soil around it, than to overdo it and destroy it. The first time the seedling is watered after flowering, at the same time applying fertilizing. The second is when the fruits begin to grow and grow a little. When the summer is dry, additional watering will not harm the plant, because it can be increased up to 1 time in 2 weeks. A single tree consumes 2-3 buckets of water. If the weather is rainy, the trunks should be carefully loosened to a depth of 15 cm, trying not to touch the roots. For a season, at least three such procedures are carried out. Soil around the cherry must be mulched regularly.

Features of top dressing and pruning of cherry tree

To form the crown of cherry Black large is necessary - this variety does not tolerate thickening, and excess branches of more than 40 cm should be regularly removed. If shoots are directed inside the crown, they are also removed. The adult tree retains no more than 10 skeletal branches. Periodically spend sanitary and rejuvenating pruning. This reduces the risk of fungal diseases. Annual cherries are shortened to 80 cm, laying 3 main branches. The next year the central part is shortened by 60 cm, counting the distance from the highest branch on the first tier.

How to harvest a bountiful harvest of black cherry

Cherry Black large can not pollinate itself, so for the appearance of fruits, she needs a variety of neighbors. The best of them are: Turgenevka, Zhukovskaya, Kent. The first fruits begin to collect in early July, without waiting for full ripeness. When the cherries on the tree darken, you can start to take them off. The easiest way is to cut off the brush next to the attachment of the stem to the branch. Without a peduncle, cherries are poorly stored. With proper care and regular feeding, the variety Black large will give up to 20 kg of fruit and provide its owner with a sufficient number of cherries for cooking various dishes and preserving.