Cherkasy region: Smela, Kamenka, Vatutino. Kinel

The heart of Ukraine is an ancient and, at the same time, eternally young Kyiv. But the soul of the country is Cherkasy region. It was on its territory that the victorious Cossack spirit of the Ukrainian people was formed.

Here is also the hetman's capital - the city of Chigirin (Ukraine). Cherkassy region is the birthplace of many outstanding people. Among them, the first hetman of Ukraine Bogdan Khmelnitsky, the Haidamak leaders of Gont and Zalizniak, as well as the nation's prophet and the genius of the whole country Taras Shevchenko.

Administrative and territorial division

Cherkasy region is one of the youngest in the territory of Ukraine. The date of its formation is the seventh of January 1954. It was on this day that the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR was signed on the separation of the districts of Vinnitsa, Kiev, Poltava and Kirovograd regions for this purpose. In the territorial unit there are 855 settlements. Among them are sixteen cities, fifteen urban-type settlements. The villages of the Cherkasy region are represented by 824 settlements. They are home to 44.5% of the total population of the territorial unit. Has Cherkasy region. There are twenty.

The administrative center of the Cherkasy region is the city of Cherkassy. It was founded at the end of the thirteenth century and was a small town. He was given the status of the city only in 1975.

Geography

Cherkasy region is located in the Dnieper basin, in its middle reaches. This is the central part of the country. The territory of the region occupies about twenty one thousand square kilometers. This is three and a half percent of the area of Ukraine.

Cherkassy region stretches for two hundred and forty-five kilometers from the north-east to the south-west and one-hundred fifty - from the south to the north. If you use mathematical calculations, you can calculate the geographical center of the area. They are a point located in the Gorodishchensky district near the village of Zhuravki.

The entire territory of the Cherkassy region is divided into left-bank and right-bank regions. In general, it is a flat terrain. The main territory of the right bank is in the zone of the Dnieper Upland. There is also the highest point of the region with an absolute height of 275 meters above sea level. It was fixed near the settlement Monastyrische. The right bank, adjacent to the Dnieper, is represented by a boggy Irdino-Tiasmin lowland. There is also a hill in the form of the Kanev Mountains. The left-bank part is distinguished by a low relief.

Weather

The climate in the region is characterized as moderately continental. It's a warm summer and not a very cold winter. Average air temperature in January is minus six degrees, and in July - twenty heat.

Economy

Ukraine is proud of its agro-industrial complex and the food industry. Cherkasy region is one of the leading producers of agricultural products in the country. On its territory there is a large number of industrial enterprises. More than three hundred organizations produce coal and produce electricity, produce ammonia, mineral fertilizers, technological equipment, computers and chemical fibers.

The food industry of the region has achieved the greatest success in such areas as dairy and sugar, canning and distillery. Thus, the Cherkassy region is industrial-agrarian in structure of its economy. A significant role in this is assigned to the industry. In the aggregate gross income, the share of its output is thirty-six percent. The share of agriculture is 27%.

Industry

The products of the enterprises of the Cherkassy region are widely known not only in Ukraine, but also abroad. In the structure of industrial production, the leading role belongs to the manufacturing sector. It occupies almost eighty-seven percent of the total regional volume. The second place is occupied by enterprises that produce and distribute gas, heat, water and electricity. Their products are almost eleven percent of the total. The lowest index in the extractive industry. The enterprises that make up this structure produce just over two percent of the total output.

Production of the Cherkassy region is represented by the food industry (39.9%), chemical industry (26.9%), machine building (8%) and light industry (1.5%).

A wide range of products are known Umansky, Korsun-Shevchenkovsky and Katerinopolsky canneries. They ship their goods not only to different regions of Ukraine, but also to the CIS countries, Western Europe and the Baltic States.

The products produced by the chemical industry are well known to consumers. Its list includes mineral fertilizers and paint and varnish materials, chemical fibers and reagents, car care products, medicines and polymer films.

The machine-building complex plays an important role in the economy of the region . It includes enterprises of machine and instrument making, producing equipment for the food and light industry, as well as for agriculture.

Agroindustrial enterprises

Specialization of agriculture in the Cherkassy region is crop growing of grain-beetroot direction, as well as meat and dairy cattle breeding. A high percentage of plowed agricultural land in this area. According to this indicator Cherkasy region, along with Kherson, is the leader in Ukraine. Here there are 539 collective enterprises, thirty-four state farms and 555 farms.

Smila

Many cities of the Cherkassy region have a rich and interesting history. So, back in 1542 on the bank of the river Tasmin the city of Smila was founded. Cherkassy region marks the day of his birth on the second Sunday of September.

Smila is the center of the Smelyansky district. In 2005, 69 thousand people lived in this inhabited locality. The national composition is mainly represented by Ukrainians, Russians and Jews.

There is a legend according to which the name of the city was given in honor of the brave young girl. She secretly led the Slavs out of the settlement besieged by the Tatars. Thanks to her the enemy was defeated. However, the girl died from the Tatar arrows.

The city of Smila (Cherkasy region) was first mentioned in the annals of the 16th century. At that time this place belonged to the Commonwealth. In 1795, the territory on which the city was located, went to the Russian Empire. After that, its industrial development began. A sugar factory and a mechanical plant were founded here. In 1876, through Smel, the laying of the railway began. This fact has become a powerful impetus for the further economic development of the city. To date, the Smela has a well-developed food industry and mechanical engineering. The city has a milk canning factory and the largest Ukrainian manufacturer of cabinet and upholstered furniture. This is the LIVS factory. Near the city, aluminum is mined.

Guests of Smela can visit the museum of local lore, the Orthodox Pokrovsky Cathedral, the Roman Catholic Church and the Memorial of Memory. An interesting sight is the museum-car. His exhibits will introduce visitors to the history of the railway development of the town.

Wheatear

The history of the city goes back to ancient times. For the first time these places were described by Herodotus. According to one of the existing hypotheses, on the site of the present Kamenka was an ancient city. In different years this territory belonged to the King of Poland Kazimierz, Jerzy Lubomirski - the Polish tycoon, the Ukrainian hetman Khmelnytsky and the general-field marshal of Russia Potemkin-Tauric. Then, by inheritance, the terrain became the property of Davydova.

Kamenka (Cherkassy region) was the place where Pushkin and Tchaikovsky stayed. Today the main attraction of the city is the historical and cultural reserve of Ukraine. On its territory there are several museum expositions, including a memorial house-estate, architectural buildings, a park, destroyed in the XVIII century, sculptures, monuments, as well as library and archival funds. The reserve hosts Pushkin's poetry holidays and children's music competitions dedicated to the memory of Tchaikovsky.

After the discovery of a groundwater deposit with unique natural properties, the construction of one of the first alcohol factories in the region began in Kamenka. And now, for the production of Kamenskaya vodka, water is taken from a well that has a depth of 220 m.

Vatutino

The city was founded in 1947. In the post-war years it was necessary to solve the problem of providing residents with local kinds of household fuel to replace straw and Donbass coal. And on the outskirts of the village Yurkivka discovered a brown coal deposit, on the basis of which a new city arose. The equipment on open and closed developments used captured, exported from Germany.

For the construction of houses and buildings of the town were built woodworking plant and a brick factory. The coal complex was closed by the early 1990s. Today in Vatutino (Cherkasy region) operates a bakery and several small businesses.

Kinel-Cherkasy

In 1744, settlers from Ukraine arrived in the fertile region of the Middle Volga region. Forty-six Cossack families founded the Kinel-Cherkassy settlement near the Bolshoy Kinel River. Initially, it was a guard-sentry settlement. Its foundation was connected with the need to strengthen the borders of the Moscow state in the east.

Now it is the Kinel-Cherkassy district of the Samara region, and a small village, founded in the distant past by the Cossacks, is the largest village in Russia and the administrative center of the district.

To date, this village has three schools and the same number of libraries. A district hospital, a sanatorium-preventorium and a boarding house in which elderly people live are open here. There is a House of Culture and Youth Organizations in Kinel-Cherkassy, a local history museum and a sports children's and youth school. The site of the village is the Church of the Ascension of the Lord, which is more than one hundred and fifty years old.