Cardiopathy - what is it? Symptoms and treatment of cardiopathy in adults and children

In medical practice, several forms are distinguished, united by one concept - "cardiopathy" (what is it, will be discussed below). Each type of pathology has its own causes. Further we will consider in more detail, how cardiopathy is manifested, what it is and what therapeutic measures are conducted.

General information

Before describing how cardiopathy manifests, what is it, one should say that one of the most effective methods of diagnosis is echocardiography. Therapeutic measures are carried out in conditions of complete refusal to drink alcohol (for adult patients). In the vast majority of cases, cardiopathy is a violation of physiological development in the muscles of the heart muscle. Pathology is accompanied by aching pain. This manifestation may not be related to physical activity.

Classification

Cardiopathy (what is it, it is said above) in one form or another can arise at different ages. With dyshormonal type of disease, women can develop metabolic disorders. It, in turn, provokes problems with the activity of the ovaries. A special place among all forms is functional cardiopathy. Often this type is diagnosed in early and adolescence. Functional cardiopathy is accompanied by aching pain in the region of the heart. Discomfort and discomfort in some cases are rapid, and sometimes prolonged for a long period, up to several days. With increased production of thyroid hormones, cardiopathy of thyrotoxicosis develops. In this case, the heart expands, its rhythm is broken. If such cardiopathy is diagnosed, the treatment is mainly aimed at restoring the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. Together with this therapy involves the elimination of heart failure.

Cardiopathy in children

As practice shows, pathology often occurs at a young age. It can be conditioned by both congenital and acquired causes that appear in the process of the child's physical development and growth. Cardiomyopathy in children is most often noted in middle and lower school years. The phenomenon may be associated with congenital heart defects or have a rheumatic nature. In this case, manifestations of pathology are noted from the very birth of a person.

Teenage years

Cardiopathy, the symptoms of which are manifested in the form of increased fatigue, apathy, insufficiency of the cardiac activity, slowing down of the metabolic processes. The consequences of such a failure can be quite serious and unpredictable. In particular, it is likely to impair weight, shortness of breath, and even during a quiet walk. At any complaints of the teenager on deterioration of state of health to parents it is necessary to show the child to the expert.

Important information

At a very early age, you need to carefully monitor the health of the baby during various outdoor games. It is also recommended that the examination be performed at the cardiologist at least once a year. In this case, it is necessary to take the electrocardiogram reading. Against the background of pathology, noises in the heart can be detected not always. To later manifestations of the disease include violations in the heart rhythm, manifested in the form of extrasystole and tachycardia. To bring to this is not worth it. Experts recommend taking timely measures to prevent pathology and maintain the health of the child.

The most common manifestations

Most often, the following violations of the physiological development of muscular cardiac tissue are revealed:

• Wrong development of ventricles.
• Anastomosis of the arteries.
• Thickening of the septum between the ventricles.
• Stenosis and narrowing of the heart valves.
• Violations in the conductivity of impulses.
• Displacement of the electrical cardiac axis.

All these manifestations can lead to violations of the heart rhythm, a decrease in the number of pumped blood, cardiac and respiratory (pulmonary) insufficiency, swelling.

Pathologies in the child

There are several types of disease. They manifest themselves at different ages. The most common are:

• Secondary cardiopathy. This form acts as a consequence of colds. Secondary form of cardiopathy is diagnosed if there is an inflammatory focus in the body. Any pathology of the internal organs can also provoke this type of disease. However, most often this form appears due to manifestations of such diseases as:

- myocarditis;

- pneumonia;

- Infective endocarditis ;

- malformations of the valves and muscles of the heart;

- bronchial asthma.

The diagnosis in this case is facilitated by the fact that the child is under constant medical supervision for the primary syndrome.

• Congenital cardiopathy. It manifests itself in the form of defects in the intrauterine maturation of the heart muscle.
• Dysplastic cardiopathy. It develops under the influence of rheumatism. Pathology is not related to the functional characteristics of the child's body. Dysplastic cardiopathy should be understood as a violation of the integrity of the tissues, followed by replacement of the affected fibers with connective inelastic structures. Damaged plots are not able to adequately cope with their functional duties. This is the cause of heart failure.

Functional cardiopathy in a child

It is possible to speak about this form of pathology long enough. At its core functional cardiopathy is the response of an unprepared organism to intensified unexpectedly nervous or physical stresses. This form of the disease often arises from the incorrect teaching of the physical culture lesson. The teacher should take into account not only the age characteristics of students, but also the overall level of their physical preparation for a particular load. Functional cardiopathy develops in those schoolchildren who, at the behest of parents, are forced to engage in sports schools and sections. At the same time, their body is often not ready for such loads. To avoid complications, before registering a child in the section, you should undergo a checkup with a cardiologist. A month after the start of the sports sessions it is recommended to visit the specialist again. In the absence of violations, the next inspection can be carried out in six months.

Clinical picture

Manifestations of pathology depend on where the destructive process is located. With lesions of the left atrium and ventricle, the symptoms are as follows:

• Fast fatiguability.
• Weakness.
• Frequent pulse.
• Soreness in the region of the heart.
• Cyanosis in the nasolabial triangle.
• Inability to exercise for a long time.
• Pale skin.

The defeat of the right divisions provokes symptoms of pulmonary insufficiency:

• Heaviness in the region of the heart.
• Frequent causeless cough.
• Increased sweating.
• Puffiness.
• Dyspnea.

Among other things, primary syndromes are accompanied by a general picture of the violation of the integrity of the heart muscle. More accurate conclusions can be made only after a thorough examination of the child. At the same time, experts give a fairly favorable forecast. At a modern level of development of medicine, even in severe cases, cardiopathy is cured without the possibility of manifestations of distant complications.

Features of therapy

Treatment will be selected in accordance with the form of the disease. For example, with functional cardiopathy, the interference method is used. At the same time, the appropriate apparatus is used. They are treated patients aged 10-14 years. In connection with the fact that recently people's sensitivity to medicines has significantly increased, specialists develop and introduce new non-drug methods. Nevertheless, with climacteric cardiopathy, for example, the doctor prescribes mainly pharmaceutical preparations. The essence of therapy in this case is reduced to the use of funds based on valerian. In the presence of negative teeth, doctors recommend "Anaprilin" and "Verapamil". These medications, however, should not be taken with too much bradycardia. In especially severe cases, a specialist can prescribe hormone therapy. The main indicator of the effectiveness of the therapeutic course in this case is a significant reduction in pain, which does not depend on the ECG. Patients are also recommended ACE inhibitors ("Benazepril", "Quinapril", etc.). Dosage for each case is established individually, in accordance with the characteristics of the body and tolerance. This or that drug has side effects (pressure increase and others). In this regard, when choosing a medication, possible complications should be considered. People's methods of treating cardiopathy are quite common. However, before using any prescription, you should consult a doctor. Particular importance in the treatment of pathology, especially in children, has proper physical education and regular outdoor activities.