Basic mental processes: table

One of the most complex, diverse in its manifestations and least studied in the human body are mental processes. The table presented in this article clearly separates the phenomena occurring in our psyche into three main groups: by properties, states and processes. All this is a reflection of reality, traced in dynamics, that is, each such phenomenon has its beginning, develops and ends with the resulting reaction. Mental processes (the table clearly demonstrates this) interact very closely with each other. Psychic activity continuously flows from one process to another, when a person is awake.

Mental conditions

The processes that take place in the human psyche can be caused by external influences that irritate the nervous system, and also be born directly in the internal environment of the organism, depending on the state in which it is at that moment. Mental processes the table divides into three main groups: cognitive, emotional and volitional. Here their components are thoroughly classified: perception and sensations, memory and representation, imagination and thinking refer to cognitive processes, and experiences active and passive to emotional ones. Voluntary mental processes the table reveals as the ability to resolve, execute and volitional effort.

Consider carefully the graph, which shows the state of the human psyche. Motivational, that is, cognitive mental processes, the table represents the most widely, up to the actualization of needs. The reasons are clear: it is they who can ensure the correct activity of a person, help to form knowledge and regulate behavior. In a single stream of consciousness, various cognitive mental processes merge, the table of which is presented in the article, since man is a very complex organism, and the psychic component is the basis for any life activity. It is she who ensures adequacy in reflecting reality, controlling all kinds of human activities.

Level of activity

The fact that the processes of the human psyche proceed unevenly, with varying intensity and rapidity, are shown by the very first tables on general psychology. Mental processes depend entirely on the state of the individual and external influences on her. What is mental state? Roughly speaking, this is the relative stability of the level of mental activity, which is manifested in a decreased or increased activity. A person can experience a wide variety. Anyone can remember that sometimes physical and mental work seemed easy and proceeded productively, and at other times the same actions required a lot of work and still did not achieve the desired effect.

Depending on the state of personality, the characteristics of mental processes also change, the table clearly shows this. The nature of the processes taking place in the psyche is reflexive, they arise and change depending on physiological factors, the situation, the course of work, even from verbal influences (from praise and blame the state of the person obviously acquires new qualities). Comparative table of mental cognitive processes of the person is laid out by points. It contains the most studied factors of such changes. For example, the level of attention can fluctuate from concentration to absentmindedness, characterizing the general mental state, and emotional moods especially brightly change the general background of all characteristics - from sadness or irritability to cheerfulness and enthusiasm. Especially a lot of research concerns the main creative state of the person - inspiration.

Personality Properties

Mental properties of a person are stable formations, higher regulators of activity that determine the level of a state in quality and quantity of its components, which is observed in behavior and activities typical for a particular person. Comparative table of mental cognitive processes each gradually formed property of the psyche connects with the result of practical and reflective activity. The variety of such properties is difficult to classify, even in accordance with the basics of all already grouped mental processes.

However, the intellectual, that is, the cognitive, volitional and emotional activities of the individual are thoroughly studied and examined in many complex interactions of their synthesis. Thus, shows a variety of mental processes table. The properties, functions and role of these components in human life will be examined by us within the framework of this material. Of cognitive functions, for example, it is worth noting the observance and flexible mind, the strong-willed are perseverance and determination, and to emotional - sensitivity, passion. The properties and functions of mental processes are different, but they all play an important role in our daily lives.

Synthesis

The properties of the psyche of the human personality do not exist separately, they act in synthesis, forming the most complex structural complexes. There is a classification of manifestations of the unconscious in mental processes. The table of such states is presented below.

There are the following processes synthesized with each other:

• Vital position: needs, interests, beliefs, ideals, personality activity and selectivity.
• Temperament - the natural properties of personality: balance, mobility, tone, other behavioral characteristics, all that characterizes the dynamics of behavior.
• Abilities: a whole system of intellectual, volitional, emotional personality traits that can determine creative possibilities.
• Character - a system of ways of behavior and relationships.

The interconnected neuropsychic acts in their stable and purposeful population have a definite scheme for transforming activity in order to obtain a definite result. This is the psychic processes inherent in each person, representing the main value for study. For example, memory as a mental process requires the memorization of information, this is its need - conscious and unconscious. Here, the input to the process is precisely this requirement as a property, and the output or end result is the information that has remained in memory.

Mental phenomena

The most common mental processes have been listed above, but let's dwell on these lists in more detail. For different authors, they vary considerably. The widespread and marked by all are attention, emotions, memory, feelings, sensations, will, thinking, perception, speech. In the category of psychic phenomena, they are available to any direct and unskilled observation.

Interest is often not even the observed process itself, but its deviations from the norm, that is, the characteristics. Here usually students are helped to deal with the classification of the usual table of features of mental processes. Children of all categories are studied especially carefully, but their cognitive processes can easily be distinguished from emotional or strong-willed ones.

Features of personality

People are endowed with completely different possibilities: one is scattered, and the other is attentive, this one perfectly remembers faces, and the one remembers only melodies. In addition, the behavior characterizes any mental phenomenon and the degree of balance: someone will be pleased with the surprise, surprise someone, and leave some indifferent. People and each other are treated differently: some love others, while others seem disgusting to others. There are people who are persistent, even stubborn in achieving their goals, as well as those who are indifferent - they always remain apathetic and sluggish.

Attitude to science

Domestic psychology divides all mental phenomena into three types: properties, states and processes. The differences between them are not so great and they are temporary. Processes usually pass quickly, but the properties are more stable and durable. Modern psychologists believe that, through the interconnectedness of mental processes, the psyche itself is formed, which can be divided into components only very arbitrarily, since there is no theoretical justification for this. Nevertheless, not only the major phenomena of the work of the psyche, but also the main psychic processes, are widely enough revealed and studied, the comparative table for which there is not only a single number.

But since psychology has become a science, scientists are developing methods for its cognition, where the main postulate is an integrative approach to the human psyche, and all classifications in tables are the value of propaedeutic and pedagogical. Similarly, there are processes in society. Just like in the psyche of an individual, they are extremely interrelated in the society: children learn, parents educate them, work, athletes train, alcoholics drink, police catch criminals and so on. No matter how these processes seem to be parallel, sooner or later they all intersect somehow with each other.

Will and emotions

A person throughout his life reproduces his skills, knowledge, skills, trying to connect the various forms of behavior with the existing emotional state. Thus, the actualization of the links between the various mental processes is built up, and their transition from the latent to the active form is carried out. Among the emotional states, the brightest is affect. This violent, rapidly flowing tremendous force is an emotion that looks like an explosion, so consciousness is not controlled and is often pathological.

But the process that concentrates the consciousness on a real or ideal object is attention. But it is not emotional. The special ability regulates and self-determinates its own activity. It's the will. All mental processes can be subordinated to it. Its main properties and functions are the precise choice of the purpose and motives, the regulation of motivations for certain actions, even if there is a lack of motivation, the organization of those mental processes that are able to fit into the system of adequately performed activities, the mobilization of mental and physical capabilities if it is required to overcome obstacles on the way To the goal.

Cognition and Intellect

The tools for adequately reflecting and projecting the world surrounding a person are representation and imagination. They are closely associated with nonspecific brain structures at the cortical level and allow us to build dynamic characteristics of maturing mental processes. These are the speed and quantity indicators of those or other actions and their implementation. The condition in which the psyche of personality is located may be different, hence the high variability of the results of activity.

Speech is in close connection with thinking, approximately as closely as sensations and perceptions, one stemming from the other. These cognitive processes of the psyche are inherent in any activity, since they ensure its effectiveness. With the help of basic cognitive processes, a person can pre-schedule the necessary goals, make plans, fill the content with upcoming activities, predict the results and manipulate them as the work progresses. Mental cognitive processes and their characteristics, the table presented in the article demonstrates how intelligent.

conclusions

The psychological process is most simply explained by the ability of a person to remember, think and anticipate. Most often this concept is associated with obtaining knowledge. Cognitive mental processes are always creative and active, not so much reflecting the surrounding world, how many it's transforming. There are two ways of knowing - specific and nonspecific. The first uses sensible and rational processes - sensations, perception and thinking, in the latter, the concept, judgment and inference.

Universal, or nonspecific, processes of the psyche are memory, will, imagination, attention. They operate through the method, providing links throughout the course of the cognitive process, and it is from them that all processes of the behavioral plan that are in synthesis depend. Thus, cognitive activity and practical subjective activity of the personality are supported, which receives not only individuality, but also uniqueness and uniqueness.