ABB automatons: technical specifications, connection

The main purpose of the circuit breaker is to stop the flow of power in an emergency situation. In addition, it is possible to de-energize a certain circuit in the home network, which is especially important for repair work.

History

The first ABB machines appeared at the end of the 18th century. They, under certain conditions, for example in the event of a short circuit, cut off the mains supply, which was based on incandescent bulbs. But this function was absent in commercial devices, and devices that resemble modern versions, acquired prevalence much later.

The mechanism was originally based on the design of a magneto-thermal splitter. But because of this, ABB's automatic machines quickly became unsuitable for use, and their work was notable for interference. Also, an arc was often produced, so the introduction of a new technology was required.

Features

Electrical work is not very complicated, the main task is to comply with all the rules and ensure safety. The circuit breaker prevents the occurrence of a fire hazard situation due to operation in case of network overload or short circuit. There are different types of this device, which are divided into two broad groups - these are AC and DC devices. It is worthwhile to understand in more detail the first variant, since ABB automatic machines based on direct current in everyday life are extremely rare. Devices are divided according to the main criteria, among which are the operating current, the rated voltage and the number of poles, all of which are marked in the marking and the accompanying instruction.

Rated voltage and operating current

The maximum operating current directly depends on the power of the devices connected to the network. That is, when installing a device with an insufficient value at a high load, it will simply be knocked out. At the same time, the electric board for a dacha with a power exceeding the required one is not an exit from the situation, since it will not react to a short circuit. Here, all parameters must be strictly observed.

When selecting the rated voltage, no calculations are necessary, since devices with a value of 220 V are suitable for a circuit with an appropriate voltage, the same applies to appliances with a voltage of 12 V. Depending on the type, the switches can have one to three poles.

A popular choice is the automatic differential current protection . They have a sufficient level of protection, including being able to protect against leakage of current through metal elements.

The device can be connected to anyone, without the need for special knowledge and experience in electrical work. In some cases it may be difficult to connect fixed and movable contacts, despite the fact that there are no established rules for this moment. The connection variant does not affect the operation of the device due to a shutdown following a short circuit or overload.

Selection

When the electricity network in an apartment or a house is arranged, there is often a problem of the correct selection of the switch. Since the competent choice depends on the long life of household appliances and the security of wiring from the possibility of fire, it is necessary to treat it with the greatest attention. First of all, the load on the line and the nominal characteristics of the cable going to the outlet must be taken into account. The greatest distribution was purchased by electric automatic devices of protection of electromagnetic or thermal form. The latter is based on the heating of the bimetallic plate when a transition is detected through the set level of the rated current, while the trip lever is moved by the widened plate. Overcurrents appearing in the short circuit, catches electromagnetic protection and de-energizes the network.

When do you need specialist help?

A circuit breaker, the price for which starts from 1500 rubles, like other mechanisms, can not last forever, it breaks down over time, wears out, and therefore it becomes necessary to replace it. First of all, before starting to work, you need to disconnect the line connected to the device, after which it can be dismantled. Switching off the introductory machine or the package is required to replace the switchgears.

It is worth noting that some actions, for example, the replacement of the package, should be performed by specialists, since in the switchgear in most cases it is impossible to remove the voltage without assistance.

The use of a multimeter to measure the voltage after a trip is required, this will make sure that it is not present. Then the conductors are detached and the automatic switch is removed, the price of which depends on its type. Sometimes you can not unscrew the clamps using a screwdriver, in this case, you have to bite off the wires with the help of side cutters. Such a problem does not arise in modern variants, which have special fixatives on the lower jaws. Thanks to them, there is no need to use special tools for work.

What do I need to know?

Before installation in the shield it is necessary to conduct a laboratory transfer of the switch. In view of the fact that independent carrying out of these works in domestic conditions can cause difficulties, it is necessary to consult a professional. For installation, the opposite is done to the steps that were taken to remove it: mounting the device on the rail, securing and fixing the wiring in the clamps. Further, the current is fed to the electrical panel (for a summer residence, for example), the installation can be considered complete in the absence of light or noise changes, particularly crackling or sparks.

Connectivity

A competent connection of the device is no less important than its installation. Thus it is necessary to be defined with a method, for example, on motionless or mobile contacts. According to experts, the first option is more important, since it is safer for the further operation of the electrical network.

As a rule, for a 220 V single-phase network, two-pole and single-pole el. Automata. In this case, the definition of the established version does not cause complications. Devices with two poles are used to disable zero and phase simultaneously, and they also have four contacts. An input zero is suitable for the third terminal, and the supply phase to the first. Accordingly, distribution is made from other terminals.

Three-pole ABB automatic machines are used in the case of three input phases, in spite of this, their installation is extremely simple and requires each phase to be connected to the top packer retainers.

What are the varieties?

Modular circuit breakers are available in various versions, most of them are designed for a circuit breaker and only have a single function - protecting the network from increased load. There is a separation of the strength of the transmitted current. To ensure operation in the event of a non-emergency situation, the device has certain settings for different thresholds of sensitivity. They are carried out at the factory, respectively, the devices are implemented with the marking in the form of a numerical designation of the threshold.

At the same time, the calculation of the required sensitivity should be carried out both with respect to the total power of the electric power consumers, and by the available wiring elements, and wiring.

ABB's automatic machines, prices in the range from 1500 to 5000 rubles, are divided into three categories according to the speed of response to voltage: high-speed, standard and selective.

The body of all devices is made of durable plastic, on the back side there is a fastener, which provides a simple installation. For dismantling, many models are equipped with a special eyelet at the top, for which it is enough to pull a little.