Where is Karadag? Mount Karadag: height, photo

Karadag is a large mountain massif on the territory of the Crimea. The ridge is on the Black Sea coast in the middle of the Otuz Valley and the Koktebel Basin. Its name is Mount Karadag, whose height is 577 m, was due to the fact that all the peaks of the eponymous ridge consist of volcanic fossils of dark gray color. It is because of the dark tones of the peaks that the mountain of Karadag and the ridge received the Turkic name, which means "Black Mountain". The ridge occupies a small area of 20 square meters. Km. It is divided into four parts: the Magnetic Ridge and the three mountain ranges of Kok-Kaya, Hoba-Tepe and Karagach. The coast line at the foot of the Karadag is rugged by bays, among which tourists enjoy the special popularity of Razboynichya, Pogranichnaya and Pozzolanova Bay. The coastline of the ridge stretches from the biostation to the northeast basin of Koktebel.

From the history of the study of the natural zone

The peculiar relief of the ridge first attracted the attention of scientists as early as the end of the 19th century, when Academician Prozorovsky established that Karadag has a volcanic origin. In the period from 1885 to 1897, Academician Lagorio carefully studied the terrain and compiled a geological map of Karadag, studied local volcanic rocks and conducted a thorough chemical analysis of these rocks.

Systematic scientific study of the terrain was begun after the establishment of Soviet power. In the 1920s scientist A.Sludsky established that the volcano on Karadag last operated during the times of the Middle Jurassic era. From the 30s of the 20th century, the geological structure of the ridge was studied by scientists Muratov, Lebedinsky, Kirichenko and many others.

In 1922, Academician A.P. Pavlov was the first to put forward the idea of protecting Karadag and creating a national park on its territory. However, Pavlov's idea was not a success. Only in 1963 the authorities recognized Karadag as a nature monument.

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Climate of Karadag

The circulation of air creates here a kind of air cocktail from mountain forest and sea air. The atmospheric state has a good effect on the human body. Relief in the lungs can be felt after half an hour after arriving at this place. The climate in the ridge is not the same: the coastal strip with a temperate continental climate differs from the mainland, where the climate is dry, moderately hot.

In winter, the mountain of Karadag and nearby territories do not please tourists with warm and constant weather. In winter, the air temperature can range from + 15 ° C to -25 ° C. Occasionally it happens that in January roses begin to bloom. Such temperature fluctuations occur due to the fact that moist air, from which heat comes, leaves under the influence of cold arctic air brought by northeasterly winds.

In the spring, the mountain of Karadag, photo of which must be done in the spring, is covered with various colors: saffron, Crimean chamber, dogwood, spring adonis, scallop, snowdrops and much more.

Summers are hot and dry. By the middle of July, all the grass and many trees are burned, as a result of which fires break out very often. The air temperature during the day rarely drops below + 38 ° C.

September day is not much different from the hot summer days. However, with the onset of the evening, the situation changes for the better: the temperature drops to a comfortable + 19 ° C - + 22 ° C. Closer to November, the cold begins.

Nature of Karadag

The living world of Karadag differs even from the diverse nature of the Crimea. On the territory of Karadag you can meet very rare species of plants and animals that are no longer on the planet. So, according to biologists, about a third of the endemic (rare species of plants and animals) of the Crimea are located in Karadag.

Scientists distinguish three landscape belts in Karadag:

• 0 - 300 m above sea level - belt of bushes and grabinnikov-oak steppes.
• 300 - 400 m above sea level - a belt of forests and oak woodlands.
• From 400 m above sea level to the very top - a belt where rock-oak and hornbeam forests grow.

Three microlandships are also distinguished:

• Volcanic complex of Beregovoi;
• Complex of sedimentary rocks (most of the territory of the reserve and Mount Karadag);
• Marine microlandscape (the entire water area of the reserve).

The territory of the natural reserve is considered a major center of biodiversity. Altogether there are 2400 species of higher flowering plants on the Crimean peninsula, of which about 1170 species grow in Karadag. The whole plant world of the reserve consists of 2782 species. Many plants are listed in the World Red Book. All species growing in Karadag are of great scientific value not only their rarity, but also antiquity: a large number of species grow here since the pre-glacial period.

Vyazemsky Research Station

Mount Karadag in the Crimea has such natural features that attract many researchers from around the world. So, the most important scientific institution in the South-Eastern part of the Crimean peninsula is the Karadag scientific station named after T.I. Vyazemsky. The station received its name in honor of the scientist Terenty Ivanovich Vyazemsky, who in 1914, under the conditions of wartime and the deepest crisis in the Russian Empire, headed the scientific station and managed it fruitfully until 1927. After the discovery of the scientific station, the mountain of Karadag became not only an ornament of the Crimea, but also its tourist and scientific center.

Ecotourism in Karadag

Under ecotourism is understood not just a holiday in nature, where a person can relax or have fun. Ecological tourism is a serious and responsible event. Ecotourism - rather, a comprehensive program related to nature conservation, rather than with rest. Groups of ecotourism exist for more than 12 years in the Karadag nature reserve . The Academy of Sciences of Ukraine approved a special scientific and recreational program called "Ecological Path". Over the years of the "Paths", a huge number of people from all over the world participated in this program. The length of the "Trail" is about 14 km (of which 7 km - land plot, 7 more - sea route). Anyone can go on a walk along the "Ecological path" either independently or as part of a group.

Routes of the "Ecological path"

All those who wish to try themselves in ecotourism are offered the following routes:

• Koktebel-Karadag-Koktebel (5 hours).
• Resort-Karadag-Spa (5 hours).
• Resort-Karadag-Koktebel (6 hours).
• Koktebel-Karadag-Kurortny (6 hours).

Walking tour along the route Koktebel-shore of Karadag-Faghala Bay. The bay is open for tourists every year on July 20.

In Kurortnoye there is the headquarters of the Karadag nature reserve, which is popularly called "Biostantsiya". On the territory of "Biostantsiya" tourists are invited to look at the show with the participation of dolphins and fur seals, numerous aquariums with local water inhabitants, exhibitions of rare birds and animals, nature museum of the reserve and much more.

The route to Karadag

The real natural ornament known to the whole world is Mount Karadag in the Crimea. How to get to this wonderful place? The fastest, safest and cheapest way to get to the nature reserve is by a direct train to Feodosia. Buses, taxis and private cabs leave from Feodosia towards Karadag. They are sent from Feodosia to Koktebel, and to the reserve.

If you look from Koktebel towards the sea, you can see how the mountain Karadag in the Crimea rises to the right - a resort place where all lovers of rare and picturesque nature will like it.