What to see in Tula? Excursions around Tula. Museums of Tula

Tula is one of the most ancient cities in Russia. The city originated on lands inhabited by the Slavic tribe of Vyatichi. For many centuries, this city was a very important administrative, industrial and commercial center. It is inextricably linked with historical events, which entailed the unification of all Russian lands under the auspices of Moscow.

The First Settlements

The exact date of the founding of the city has sunk into oblivion, but for the first time it became known about it from the annals dating back to 1146. Modern Tula is located somewhat south of the first settlements. Over time, the inhabitants moved closer to the area, where the Tulitsa River flowed into Upa. Here, the princes of Chernigov decided to erect an oak fortress and call it Tula.

Development

The defensive structure occupied an important strategic position and was located on the southernmost outskirts of the Russian state that had just begun to form. The fortress repeatedly passed from hand to hand. She survived the invasion of Batu in 1237 and Tokhtamysh in 1382, as well as numerous raids by Nogai and Crimean Tatars. Even the Lithuanian conquerors managed to visit here! Only in 1503 Tula finally departed the Moscow principality.

In 1514 the Moscow prince Vasily III inside the oak fortress ordered to put a stone city, that is, the Kremlin. Construction was completed in 6 years. Since that time, Tula has become a defensive border, protecting the southern approaches to Moscow. Later, in the 17th century, the city was already a well-fortified, reliable military camp, ready at any time to repel attacks by the enemy.

Tula fortress has always been quite densely built up and populated, and all because from its western side was a market where brisk trade was conducted. Rapidly developing crafts had to provide for the needs of the inhabitants and the defense needs of the state. Since the construction of the stone Kremlin, the city of Tula has become the center of an important defensive line guarding the southern approaches to the capital of the Moscow principality.

Excursions

This city is quite popular with tourists, because it has a rich historical past. He can tell a lot of interesting facts about the formation of the Russian state and the emergence of crafts, so guests have something to see in Tula.

You can just go for a walk around the city, but it's best to use the services of professional guides. Travel agencies offer interesting excursions around Tula, not only for adults, but also for schoolchildren. Numerous museums and unusual floating fountains are sure to please you and your children.

Museums

Considering the rich past of the city, tourists and locals enjoy visiting Tula museums and other attractions with great pleasure. It will be interesting to learn about the history of the development of the weapons business, the famous delicacy, the printed gingerbread, or the oldest Russian factory for the production of accordions and accordions.

One of the most famous is the Tula Museum of Fine Arts. It has several branches: the Tula Kremlin, an exposition devoted to the works of the artist PN Krylov, the Spassky and the Exhibition Hall.

Tula fortress

The most popular among visitors is the stone Kremlin, and this is not surprising, because it has not only historical but also aesthetic significance for the city and the whole country.

The Tula Kremlin is a regular fortress, which is a monument of ancient Russian defense architecture. It consists of a rectangular territory, the area of which is 6 hectares. The walls around it around the perimeter have a length of about 1 km.

For today, the ensemble of the Tula Kremlin consists not only of towers and walls. It included two cathedrals - the Epiphany and the Holy Assumption, as well as the trading ranks of the 19th century and the first power station in Russia of the 20th century.

Tour guides offer amazing tours of the architectural ensemble: in the warm season you can walk through the towers and walls of the fortress, from which you can admire the extensive panorama of the city.

From year to year there are unique exhibitions - residents and guests of Tula can see the implements of punishment that existed in the state since the XVI century. This includes expositions related to the history of the fortress, stories about the famous Tula, and much more.

Artistic exposition

The inhabitants and guests of the city will not be indifferent to the numerous museums of Tula. One of them is dedicated to the art works of Porfiry Nikitich Krylov, a native of this city. The branch totals about two thousand historical documents and personal belongings, as well as more than two hundred paintings that belonged to the artist.

The exposition of the museum clearly conveys every stage of the life of a talented master. Here you will not find cartoons or cartoons, although he was a member of the famous trio of cartoonists Kukryniksy. The artist's works, presented here, consist of portraits and still lifes, a special place in his work is given to the landscape. And this is understandable, because the native land for Porfiry Nikitich was Tula, endowed with beautiful panoramas, which you want to put on canvas.

This exhibition is interesting not only for adults. If you decide to go on an excursion to this ancient city, then bring your children with them - they will have something to do. For them, various events are held, for example, entertaining lectures, including "Hello, the Museum", music matinees, etc. A wonderful creative team will always find something to please and surprise the kids and their parents.

The Gunsmithing City

As you know, the museums of Tula are very interesting and informative. Tourists, who come to this city in large numbers, try to visit them as much as possible. One of such cultural places is the famous Tula State Arms Museum, where not only adults, but also children can spend their time with profit. Believe me, there is something to see here. For a long time Tula has been engaged in the development and production of weapons. Excursions prove to visitors the extreme importance of weapons production in the formation of the great history of Russia.

For example, when in early 1940 it became clear that the Soviet Union could not avoid war with Germany, engineer GS Shpagin began to design a new weapon for the Red Army. Tula began to develop and produce at its factory a submachine gun of a new type - the famous PPSh.

The extensive exposition, put up for free viewing, enables guests to learn the full information about the development of weapons, from the XVI century to our days. The museum includes collections of samples of combat muzzle-loading, automatic, sports, hunting and other types of weapons. In addition, there is also a wonderful numismatic collection, which contains commemorative and anniversary medals, orders, state awards and badges.

There is also a fund with historical documents and printed publications. Not the last place in it occupies a graphic collection - drawings of automatic weapons and sketches of its decoration. Above them worked such famous artists as IV Shcherbino and VP Gustov. Printed publications include magazines found at the arms factory at the end of the 19th century: the "Artillery Journal" and the "Armory Collection". This also includes books on historical subjects about weapons and with autographs of famous gunsmiths NF Tokarev and MT Kalashnikov.

A number of historical values are closed by a collection of artillery. It is represented mainly by gun barrels, which also causes considerable interest and makes an indelible impression on the visitors of the museum.

Museum "Necropolis of Demidovs"

Speaking about what to see in Tula, it is impossible not to remember the Demidovs, who are known as the dynasty of large industrialists. In their kind were lawyers, military men, writers, musicians, gunsmiths, scientists, patrons of art and just philanthropists. Demidovs traveled around the world and collected antiquities and works of art.

In memory of the dynasty in 1996, when the 340th anniversary of the birth of the Tula blacksmith and gunsmith ND Demidov was celebrated, the historical and memorial museum "Necropolis of Demidovs" was erected. Its foundation is the family burial vault, which is located in the Nikolo-Zaretsky church.

The museum exposition consists of unique archaeological excavations of the tomb. In it were found unique images of representatives of the Demidov family, samples of the arms of the 16th-18th centuries, copper utensils and cutlery of the 18th century, unusual sundials, things of the lock and hardware and one of the oldest astronomical objects - astrolabe. All these items are in the museum "Necropolis of Demidovs" and are exhibited for inspection.

Samovar and the history of its production

One of the most interesting cities for tourists is always Tula. The samovar in Russia and to this day is associated with this city, as here its best samples were always made. Not surprisingly, it is here that the museum "Tula samovar" is located. Its purpose is to show the history of the development of this case visually to the visitors, and also to demonstrate from the point of view of art.

The exposition of the museum includes a collection of 300 exhibits presented in the historical and everyday style. For example, the samovar of A. Yu. Parichko's system with a removable fuel pitcher is rarely found in Russian exhibition halls or private collections, but you will certainly find such a copy in the museum "Tula Samovar". Here is the oldest specimen of the first Tula factory of the Lisitsyns in the year 1800.

Here, tourists will find decorative samovars from the most unexpected material: glass, porcelain, vines, wood, clay, birch bark and even sugar. Museum guides are sure to show other types of water-heating: a samovar-coffee pot, samovar, sbitennik and unique samples of the times of the Soviet Union. Their size is also of great importance. In the museum are represented as huge seventy-liter pantry, and tiny samovars, calculated only on three drops of water.

Tula gingerbread

Speaking of Tula, it is impossible not to remember the world famous Tula gingerbread. In honor of this delicacy in the city a whole museum with the same name was founded. After visiting here, visitors will learn the history of cooking delicious sweets, its centuries-old rites and traditions. The walls of the museum store many secrets, including how to prepare a real, traditional for this area gingerbread. Tula, by the way, was always famous for its unusual delicacies. The oldest of them, which has survived to this day, was prepared in 1685.

Thanks to the visit of the museum, you will learn about the events from the history of Russia, and in particular about the city with the beautiful name of Tula. What to see with children? To answer this question is very simple - the museum "Tula Gingerbread". They will be very interested to hear about this popular pastry, to look at the bizarre gingerbread pictures.

In addition, to the great joy of the little visitors, at the end of the excursion everyone is invited to a tasting of a carrot with tea. Also here you can buy all kinds of delicious souvenirs, for example, congratulatory, honorary, personal, historical or festive.

Fountains

If you are going to rest with children during the hot period, be sure to visit the fountains of Tula. In the city there are about forty. Nine of them are under reconstruction now.

The most popular are two floating fountains, which are on the river Upa at Zarechensky Bridge. They are located at a distance from each other in such a way that they can be seen not only walking along the bridge or along the river, but also from the windows of the Tula State Museum of Arms. Presented fountains throw trickles of water up to three meters above the surface of the river. Similar fountains can be found only in ten settlements of the Russian Federation.

Tula is the same age as Moscow. That is why there is a lot of interesting. So, what to look at? In Tula, in addition to museums, there are historical monuments dedicated to great people, many ancient temples, and even a necropolis. In addition, you will have the opportunity to taste real gingerbread. Tula is always glad to guests. Every Russian should understand that in order to have a good rest, it is not necessary to go to the seas and foreign resorts, because in Russia there are extraordinary places worthy of your attention.