What is this - the reproductive method? Reproductive method of teaching (examples)

Pedagogy is a very subtle and multifaceted scientific field. In its working arsenal, there are more than a dozen teaching methods. Their application is aimed at the comprehensive development of man, the education of a specialist with the necessary knowledge, skills and personal qualities. In this article, we will talk about what is the reproductive method. What are its features, advantages and disadvantages?

Description

A boring and monotonous stream of lectures has long ceased to justify itself. The specialists established that using only the information-receptive method only by 30% helps to assimilate the theoretical material. The rest either passes by the students, or catching up during the preparation for exams and tests. However, without reinforcing the theory of practice, it turns out to be an incidental, unnecessary information. It is impossible to reject lectures altogether, because they carry the foundation of scientific knowledge. But they can be alternated with conversations and practical exercises.

The reproductive method is a method of organizing educational activity, which takes place according to a specific instruction, using (or reproducing) previous knowledge and a sequence of practical actions. Since this method always occurs according to a certain algorithm (or instruction), it is often called instructive and reproductive.

Features

This type of thinking presupposes the rapid, active learning by the students of new information, which the teacher or other educational source reports and transfers knowledge to practical soil. There are several conditions or means for implementing the reproductive method:

• Verbal, visual and practical methods of teaching. It can be numbers, words, sketches.
• By analogy of the method, lectures are also built, which contain scientific information and brief theses for students to write down.
• Conversations are held according to a certain scheme. The teacher relies strictly on the facts known to students. Discussions of hypotheses and the statement of independent opinion are not provided.
• Reproductive exercises should facilitate effective practical skills training, since any experience requires repeated actions on the model.

The method can also be used to fix the studied material.

Difference from the productive method

There is a fairly extensive classification of pedagogical methods. Their choice largely depends on the age of students and discipline. By the nature of cognitive activity , the method of reproductive and productive is distinguished. We'll figure out what their differences are in the way and purpose of the organization.

Reproductive method of teaching is the repeated reproduction of knowledge and actions already received from the teacher for obtaining the result. The teacher gives a specific task, and the student follows a certain pattern. Such a method is very effective in the following disciplines: mathematics, chemistry, physics, computer science, etc. That is, programmed instruction is provided. Each task and operation have a certain algorithm of actions.

The acquisition of knowledge is based on lectures that accumulate authoritative opinions. It is they who form the instruction, which the students then use. These may be rules, laws, axioms, formulas, etc.

The productive method concentrates on a particular problem. He offers students an independent (arbitrary) search for answers to questions. Unlike reproductive, it does not have clear algorithms, formulas. A teacher's task is to create a serious motivation for acquiring new knowledge by students.

Examples

As already mentioned, the exact sciences are a suitable ground for the educator, where the reproductive method of teaching works effectively. Examples of it with success can be observed in solutions of mathematical, chemical problems or repetitions of experiments.

Consider, for example, the usual mathematical quadratic equation. There is a concrete sample-formula, following which the student gradually arrives at the correct answer-finding an unknown (or unknown).

Another example is the lesson of fixing knowledge on the topic of "improper fraction". To do this, you can use questions on the definition or means of clarity. For example, on a presentation slide or on a blackboard, record a few numbers and ask students to select the wrong fractions from them. The choice must be justified. All actions are based on the principle of choice (example) - justification (reason).

It is important for the teacher to conduct a clear instruction. Using it in the future, students will be able to successfully perform tasks of varying complexity, acquire necessary knowledge and develop skills. The reproductive method will also help to form a certain way of thinking, which is useful for performing operations in everyday life.

Efficiency

In the Russian education the use of this method has been known for a long time. It can be called "classical". However, do not forget that each technology has the property to constantly improve. So, today the reproductive method of teaching means not just a summary of lectures and application of the formulas obtained. The changes have touched upon the simplification of some algorithms for rapid assimilation, correlation of scientific facts with visual aids, use of interactive learning aids (audio, video, animation) in conversations and practical classes. All this, of course, positively affects the effectiveness of cognitive activity, which the reproductive method is called upon to raise. This is a great alternative to dry lecturing and conducting monotonous seminars, built on a simple poll.

pros

The main and important advantage of this technology is economy. What does it mean? Reproductive method of teaching suggests that the teacher for a short time and without much effort transmits an impressive amount of knowledge and skills. At the same time, students quickly perceive new information, while practicing it in practice. This method guarantees the assimilation of knowledge.

The reproductive method is perfectly realized where the educational material is more informative. At the same time, students are blocked independent, creative thinking and the possibilities of memorizing and reworking ready-made theoretical knowledge are expanded.

Minuses

Specialists note that the reproductive method of education is an example of rigorous algorithmization of actions that does not allow creative liberties, assumptions and doubts. Because of this, flexibility, independence of thinking may be significantly affected. This technology categorically denies the search activity, which is no less important than the application of previously reported theoretical knowledge. With the frequent use of the reproductive method, instruction can become a pure formalization, and the assimilation of knowledge will become simply an unconscious cramming.

Combination with other methods

The reproductive method is effective in the information-receptive activity of students. It is a fact. However, it can not be the only tool in the teacher's arsenal. As experience shows, monologic practice has long outlived itself, and an integrated approach is required. In addition to the rapid assimilation of theoretical material and the formation of the implementation of actions by instruction, it is necessary to develop personal qualities, a creative approach to business, and independence in acquiring new knowledge.

So, along with reproductive often use creative, illustrative, research and productive methods to find information and use it to solve new problems. Lessons in the form of a quiz, discussions about any discovery or law, preparation of a report is a suitable alternative. The choice will depend on several factors: the goal, the stage of the lesson, the local conditions, the content of the theoretical material and the personality of the teacher. In any case, the diversity of teaching methods greatly enlivens the learning process and promotes the all-round development of the student's personality.