What is the human nervous system?

All organs and systems of the human body are closely interrelated, they interact with the help of the nervous system, which regulates all mechanisms of life, from digestion and ending with the process of reproduction. It is known that the human nervous system (HC) ensures the connection of the human body with the external environment. The NA unit is a neuron, which is a nerve cell that conducts impulses to other cells of the body. Connecting into neural circuits, nerve cells form a whole system, both somatic and vegetative.

1.Somatichesky nervous system of man regulates the work of the musculoskeletal system, and also innervates the skin. It controls the connection of the human body with the environment, the movement of man in space, the work of sensory organs and the development of skeletal muscles.

2. The vegetative NA coordinates the work of organs and processes within the body without the participation of the will and consciousness of a person.

Structure of the nervous system:

1. The central NS consists of the spinal cord and brain located in such bone cavities as the skull and spinal canal;

2. Peripheral. It consists of nerve plexuses and endings, nerves and nodes located outside the skull and spinal canal.

The spinal cord resembles a tube filled with cerebrospinal fluid, consisting of white and gray substances. The brain has the posterior, middle and anterior parts, from which the auditory, visual and olfactory brain nerves depart. The brain has two large hemispheres, a brain stem and a cerebellum. It consists of a gray substance forming the cerebral cortex and a white substance. From the brain, both the spinal and the head, the mixed nerves that regulate the metabolism in the tissues of the body depart.

Thus, the central nervous system is formed by the brain head, which passes into the brain dorsal, on the border there is a brain stem.

Peripheral nerves move away from the spinal canal to parts of the body, for example, to the extremities or trunk, thereby ensuring the transmission of signals to the central HC from the environment.

It is known that the human nervous system works by the principle of reflex, which is aimed at changing the functioning of the organism under the influence of the external environment. When a certain stimulus is applied to the nerve fibers, the body reacts, so the central nervous system of the person maintains the connection of organs, tissues and vessels located in the body with the environment.

The functions of the National Assembly include:

- coordination of activities of organs and systems, their integration into an integrated organism;

- regulation of human interactions with its environment through the senses.

We can say that the NS is plastic, because it is capable of rebuilding its work in the event that changes in the needs of the human body occur. This mechanism is especially relevant when one of the brain areas of the brain is damaged.

Since the human nervous system co-ordinates the work of all organs, its defeat affects the activity of both nearby and remote structures, and is accompanied by the failure of the functions of organs, tissues and body systems. The reasons for the disruption of the nervous system may lie in the presence of infections or poisoning of the body, in the appearance of a tumor or trauma, in diseases of the nervous system and metabolic disorders.

Thus, the human НС of the person plays a conducting role in formation and development of a human body. Thanks to the evolutionary improvement of the nervous system, the psyche and the consciousness of man developed. The nervous system is a vital mechanism for regulating the processes that occur in the human body