What is the design and research activity in the field of education?

Today we will talk about what is design and research activity. It is worth saying that this is a progressive methodology in teaching, which is used relatively recently, but has already managed to bring great results. Today you will learn what virtues it has and why it is implemented even at the state level. Moreover, the article will be useful to anyone who plans or has children, because it will allow to look at the learning process from a completely different angle. This is especially useful for parents who are afraid of the moment when it will be necessary to induce or force a child to learn for the sake of his future by unknown forces. You will be surprised, but it can be done without effort, but only with the right approach.

What is design and research activity?

Currently, you can often find the wrong conceptual design of various educational processes. Some textbooks and techniques give teachers and teachers some idea of what is correctional-developmental learning and level differentiation. Only single specialists can apply all these methods in practice and achieve results. As for the methods and techniques that are associated with working outside the mainstream, there are a huge number of opinions of various scientists and researchers, which is often contradictory. We will consider the design and research activities of students, which many write through the union "and", not realizing that these are not identical, but different directions. They differ in the way they are organized, developed by skills and other important indicators.

Design and research activities are activities aimed at developing the creative and research qualities of students. It is a search for a solution to a problem where the answer is not known in advance. This is the main difference between this activity and a simple workshop, in which everything is known and it is only necessary to go on the drill. The design and research activity of students implies the existence of stages that are typical for a typical scientific research: problem formulation, the study of theoretical material, the choice of a method or tactics, practice, the process of collecting the results obtained, analyzing and summarizing data, drawing concrete results and conclusions. Each study, in whatever sphere it is conducted, consists of the above-mentioned stages, which are necessary for expedient research activities.

Differences in design and research activities

The organization of project research activities involves a set of methods that are separately classified in each of the two activities. It should be understood that they complement each other and have a number of differences. As a result of research, we get an intellectual product, which is created by establishing the truth by the methods of traditional research. Project activity involves the search for truth by choosing the most effective way of knowing. The value of design and research activity is that it brings a complex result and trains a group of important skills at once. Separately, the project activity is very important, but it does not teach practice and how to search for information, process and submit it. The research activity in itself is not of such great importance. Therefore, she needs a project.

Design and research activities in kindergarten

This activity can be carried out at different levels of a person's growing up: in kindergarten, in school, in a higher educational institution and even at work. Design and research activities in the kindergarten are various cognitive, playful and creative activities that are aimed at bringing up the child's initial inclinations for the correct solution of problems. The child from the birth tends to contact and interaction with the outside world, he is very curious and wants to find, learn and solve. Each kid is a pioneer, and the most important task of educators is to support and develop in the child the properties of curiosity. As the Chinese proverb says, a person understands something only when he tries it himself. Design-research activities with young children are almost entirely built on the fact that they decide how to act in a particular situation. Of course, an infinite variety of options will deprive the child of stability, and he will get confused, so at first the kid can choose from several options, but he must come to them independently.

Younger schoolchildren

The design and research activity of junior schoolchildren is very similar to the work that is done in the kindergarten. In the junior classes, children experience stress when they have to obey a strict order, solve incomprehensible tasks, do homework each day and constantly learn something. This period is complicated, but if properly conducted, then you can achieve significant results. The design and research activity of junior schoolchildren is full of independent tasks, in which the child must not only come to a decision, but also to find the most correct and rational way out of the situation. The tasks of a person who deals with research activities are as follows:

• Ensuring a favorable psychological climate in the team;
• Development of creative qualities;
• The development of independence and the ability to make decisions that differ from the views of the majority;
• Development of communication skills, friendship, conflict management;
• The development of imagination and fantasy.

Ways of realization

We already know about the key concept of our article. It's time to find out in what ways the design and research activity is being realized. It is worth saying that there are several, but in no case should you choose a specific one and focus on it, considering it a priority. Each method should be alternated with others in order to harmoniously develop the various skills of children.

The design and research activity in the DOW can be manifested in the following:

1. Projects in which children conduct experiments. The results can be different, the main thing is the ability to get and fix. After the work, the child must arrange the information received in the album in the form of a collage, picture or booklet.
2. Role-playing games that resemble theater performances. This exercise is very effective, and it is often used by various psychological training even adults. Children should learn to be artistic, try on different roles to better feel their own uniqueness and individuality. Role games are not for fun, because during the production the child should not just try on a new image, but also solve a certain problem within his boundaries. A very important point here is that the problem should be solved exactly in the style of the chosen character.
3. Information practices that focus on the collection and presentation of information. Children must collect certain information and arrange it in any way. It is important to teach the children not just to draw or tell, but to demonstrate something through exhibitions, shows, presentations, fairy tales, etc. In other words, it is necessary to teach a person to express his ideas in many different ways.
4. Creative competitions, which are aimed at developing organizational skills. Children, individually or in a group, must organize a small event. Then the presentation of your event takes place. In this way, children learn to see for themselves their own advantages and differences from others, and also to notice the weaknesses and subsequently focus on them.

Subject relations

Project-research activity is most often realized within the framework of subject relations "teacher-student". The teacher broadcasts some knowledge, and the students must take them. This scheme has long been established and is always used by those who are critical of progressive teaching methods. The inefficiency of this technique lies in the fact that many situations can not be written into its framework. There are many cases when the pupil's unbiased opinion proves to be more appropriate, logical and correct than the teacher's book opinion. Children look at the world without a film of prejudices and a mass of information that limits the perception of reality, so they can see it from a different angle. A lot of teachers simply do not want to develop independently, because it's much easier to act on a well-laid out scheme, which seems to give good results, so even the conscience will be clear. And yet this is a big mistake that forms a child's fear of contradicting the teacher and refusing critical thinking.

Design-research activity in modern education

For today in Russia there are old traditions of realization of the given approach which already become obsolete, as are inefficient and do not satisfy modern requirements. On the territory of the whole country, small academies of science and scientific and technical societies are created and are functioning, which are the "executive body" of the project activity. They are of great benefit, but they can bring even more. The main goal of such institutions is to create a model for the functioning of academic research associations. Children who take part in such events are future scientists and professionals who are to move the wheel of history. Training in such societies is more individualized and qualitative, there is time to listen to everyone, and everyone can implement any of their projects. Modern educational standards are aimed at minimizing the burden on children. It is necessary to reduce the quantity, but improve the quality.

In what way can this be concluded? For example, the design and research activities of students in physics lessons are manifested in practice. Children should not learn formulas and laws, but independently conduct experiments and see a visual confirmation of book knowledge. Only in this case the learning process ceases to be perceived by the child as imposed and will become interesting. And only in this way the student will understand, and not learn the necessary information, and also be able to draw parallels and use it in various spheres of life.

GEF

The project-research activities of students in the GEF are spelled out by the state. Modern pedagogy is impossible without design and research activity, because only during it are formed the necessary skills of independent thinking and decision-making. These qualities can not be taught from the book: practice is necessary. Activity-based approach is the base for modern pedagogical science, and it is best realized precisely due to well-thought-out design and research activity. In many respects it is independent, especially for students in the upper grades. Self-organization of their own learning process allows a person to plan and monitor their actions.

The design and research activities in the GEF DOW are different from other areas of its application. Little children require a special approach, because they are only developing such abilities as comparison, analysis and ability to plan. Nevertheless, state standards of project activity are being introduced at all stages of education.

Positive factors

Design and research activities in kindergarten as a means of teaching independence, responsibility and determination have a number of advantages. Children who deal with such caregivers will be able, from an early age, to learn what some learn half their lives. The described activity has a number of positive qualities:

• Multiple increase in the motivation of children in solving various problems;
• Education of genuine interest, and not mechanical performance of the required tasks;
• Education of responsibility;
• Formation of a technological approach to solving problems;
• Communication skills training;
• Ability to independently compare and analyze in order to learn only the very best for yourself;
• Education of perseverance, concentration;
• Training in public speaking skills;
• Formation of the skills of collective communication;
• The ability to organize your workspace, plan;
• The ability to find a common language with people who have a different point of view;
• The formation of a positive outlook on life;
• Development of cooperation skills.

Additional education

Project-research activities in complementary education are becoming increasingly popular. Initially, the introduction of this activity occurred only in the main learning process, but later it became clear that it could be useful and applicable to various circles, electives and courses. This sphere of education is only beginning to develop, therefore there are practically no printed works devoted to this topic. Everyone can apply to GEF. Project and research activities, described in the state standard, will allow to understand the main points of this approach. Most actively it is used in the field of information technology. This allows you to raise a computer literate person who will be able to express their ideas and projects with the help of modern technology and equipment. The first experiments on the application of this approach have already yielded positive results. The training is conducted with pupils of 7-16 years old. Since the work must be creative, everyone is free to choose the desired theme and ways of presenting it.