Summer phenomena of nature. Examples, description, photo

Summer is the most favorite time of the year for schoolchildren and their parents. This is the long-awaited time for vacations and vacations. Summer is characterized by an increase in temperature indicators to a possible maximum, as well as distinctive features, natural phenomena. This time of year lasts three months. Nevertheless, in different geographical latitudes it comes in different ways. In the southern hemisphere, the summer months are December, January and February. In the north of the equator, this time of year extends to June, July and August. In cold countries, the warm season can last no more than one month.

The phenomena of nature in summer

Each season is characterized by certain climatic features. In the winter, snow falls, frosts come; In the spring, trees start to bloom, birds fly in, there is a flood; In autumn we notice the fall of leaves, constant rains. But what phenomenon, observed in nature, characterizes the summer? This time of year is determined by several meteorological changes.

All summer natural phenomena (examples: thunderstorm, dew, rainbow, etc.) are associated with significant warming. At this time of year the weather is hot, dry, but for the person it is considered favorable. It is worth noting that meteorological summer phenomena of nature are highly variable. Examples: rain, hail, wind. In days when the sun shines brightly and the clear sky, in a matter of minutes cumulus clouds can gather and a real thunderstorm with thunder and lightning. In the case of a short rainfall in half an hour the temperature will rise again and the sun will continue to shine brightly. Precipitation in summer always lies in a short interval, but they are of high intensity. Along with thunderstorms, a strong wind often rises with sharp gusts. After rainfall, you can often see a phenomenon such as a rainbow. In the mornings dew often acts.

Wind

This natural anomaly is a stream of air that is predominantly directed relative to the horizontal surface of the earth. The wind is classified according to power, speed, scale, level of distribution. To determine the category of anomaly, it should take into account its strength, duration and direction.

On land in summer, winds are squalling only during a strong thunderstorm or in front of it. This is due to the collision of two air masses that are opposite in temperature and direction in different layers of the atmosphere. In the American continent, powerful hurricanes often occur at this time of the year. What phenomenon, observed in nature in the summer, happens in the water area of the sea or the ocean? There are often short-term storms, which are characterized by intensity and strong gusts of wind. Often they raise waves up to several meters high.

It is noteworthy that global monsoons play an important role in changes in seasonal temperature indicators of winds. Their duration varies within a few months. Monsoon have different circulation and temperature, strength and direction. It depends on them what the time of the year will be: warm or cold.

Clouds

As a result of condensation, water vapor rises to the upper atmosphere. Particles crystallize under the action of low temperatures and combine into air masses. This is exactly how clouds form in the sky (photo of the phenomenon of nature, see below). Each cloud consists of particles of water and has a unique shape that varies under the influence of air flow and temperature. If the temperature in the upper atmosphere is above -100 degrees Celsius, then the clouds will consist of droplets. Otherwise, ice crystals will predominate in their composition.

Summer clouds are usually divided into lightning, rain, cumulus, feathery, layered and others. If the air elements are connected in the clouds, then there is a high probability of precipitation. The strongest downpours fall out of layered and cumulus clouds. If the air masses have a uniform composition, the precipitation will be insignificant and short-term.

Rain

In the hot season, precipitation is considered a rather rare climatic anomaly. The rain itself represents a continuous drop of water along the vertical. The starting point of the movement is the clouds. Rain is a natural phenomenon of accumulation. While the clouds do not pick up a lot of moisture, precipitation does not start.

For today it is accepted to distinguish five types of summer rains:

1. Ordinary. Drops out without such pronounced features as power or duration. 2. Short-term. Its main feature is transience. Such summer phenomena of nature both read and end unexpectedly.

3. Mushroom. Precipitation is determined by low intensity and transience. During the rain, the sun continues to shine.

4. Stormy. It is determined by suddenness. In a short period with a special capacity, a lot of water falls on the ground. Downpours are often accompanied by strong winds, lightning and thunder. In the summer, these rains are called thunderstorms.

5. Gradoobrazny. Together with droplets of water on the ground drop ice floes of different sizes. Such precipitation is characterized by transience and power, negatively affecting agriculture.

Grad

Mixed rains with ice require special attention due to their dangers to property, and sometimes even to people's lives. Hail is a type of precipitation when frozen water falls to the ground. Do not confuse it with mixed rain and snow. Here, the connected ice particles can reach a size of up to several centimeters. The castle has high strength and transparency (a photo of the phenomenon of nature you can see below). This makes it dangerous for small animals and birds, as well as for larger individuals. Precipitation of this type falls during a thunderstorm from large cumulus clouds. In turn, the clouds differ in black or ash color and white tops. Grad is formed in ordinary rain clouds as a result of supercooling of moisture droplets. The particles of ice gradually increase, fastening together. Precipitation with hail can last from a couple of minutes to half an hour. Large ice cubes can completely destroy entire crops of crops.

Storm

This meteorological phenomenon refers to the most powerful type of precipitation in the plus temperature. Rain with hail and thunderstorm are summer phenomena of nature, which are assigned an orange hazard level. Such precipitation is accompanied by strong sharp gusts of wind, sometimes squall.

The distinctive climatic features of thunderstorms are lightning and thunder. A powerful charge of electricity is thrown from the clouds to the surface of the earth. Lightning is formed in the atmosphere due to the collision of negative and positive charges. As a result, electromagnetic induction occurs in hundreds of millions of volts. When the charge intensity reaches a maximum, a lightning strike is formed.

Thunder is a consequence of the rapid expansion of air as a result of sharp heating of particles around the electromagnetic arc. Sound waves are reflected from the clouds and cause the strongest echo.

Rainbow

To date, this is one of the most amazing and amazing natural anomalies associated with precipitation. A rainbow is a phenomenon that can occur both after the rain, and in the process of or before it. The time of the formation of the phenomenon directly depends on the movement of storm clouds. The color of the rainbow is reflected at an angle of 42 degrees. The arc is visible through the curtain of rain on the opposite side of the sun. The spectrum of the rainbow is represented by seven colors. It is so much of the components of sunlight. Mostly this phenomenon occurs as a result of short-term precipitation in the summer season.

The human eye determines the colors of the rainbow through raindrops that play the role of a prism. This is a kind of large range of natural origin.

Dew

In calm weather, as a result of cooling at night and warming in the morning with the first rays of the sun on the surface of the earth, grass, flowers and other plants and objects, droplets of water form. Such a meteorological phenomenon is called dew.

At night, the earth's surface cools. As a result, the vapor in the air begins to condense and turn into water, settling on objects. It is generally believed that dew is formed only with a clear sky and a weak wind. It should be noted that the lower the temperature, the more droplets will be. Most often this phenomenon is formed in the tropics, where it is accompanied by a humid climate and long cold nights.

Summer phenomena of nature. Examples: Grade 2

In the school curriculum, the introductory foundations of climate anomalies are studied in the textbooks "The World around". The first lessons are already held with second-graders. In such classes they talk about what are the summer phenomena of nature, what are their signs and features.

Familiarity with the seasons should be included with the inclusion of available examples in the program. In the summer it gets warmer, the days are longer, the nights are shorter, birds start singing, mushroom rains come, water in rivers and lakes warms up, the grass turns green and so on.

For the eight-year-olds, the summer phenomena of nature are a mystery. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce the theory with practice. Various excursions are organized for this purpose. In June, you can introduce children with summer flowers, trees, insects, birds. July is the right time to walk around the arboretum or the forest, where you can listen to the sounds of nature. In August, it is not superfluous to get acquainted with berries, mushrooms, fruits of trees.

Signs about the summer phenomena

• If the south wind blows, then it is worth waiting for the bad weather, if the west wind, then it will soon be a cold snap.
• To quickly stop a severe thunderstorm, you need to throw a broom out of the window towards the direction of the rain.

• The burning object after a lightning strike can not be extinguished, since the devil burns there.
• Continuous wind with constant gusts - to the drowned man.
• If the thunder is heard from the north, the summer is expected to be cold, if the rumble is heard in the south, it means it will be hot.
• If the puddles are formed by large bubbles from the rain, this is to a severe storm.

There are signs about the phenomena of nature concerning the rainbow:

• If the arc is full and high, it is worth waiting for warming.
• A green rainbow - to a long downpour, red - to a heavy wind, yellow - to calm.