What is secular ethics? GEF Work Program

It is not new that the science of the rules of behavior in a respectable society arose long ago and, changing over the course of the epochs, still continued to live and develop successfully. Even the children know the answer to the question "What is secular ethics?", Because this subject is included in the mandatory program for junior schoolchildren. Therefore, it is important and relevant to understand what a similar lesson is and what the guys are learning from it.

ORSEE: what is it?

This abbreviation stands for "The Basics of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics" and is a subject taught everywhere by the Russian Ministry of Education from 2012 to Junior School classes throughout the country. For all regions, this subject is currently a federal and mandatory component. The fundamentals of secular ethics and religion include 6 modules; From them the pupil, together with his legal representatives (parents, guardians) chooses only one at his own discretion for further study.

Goals and objectives

If with the fact that such a secular ethic, everything is clear, then the analysis of the provisions on what is aimed at the introduction of this academic subject remains open. The global goal of the general course of ORKSE is the formation of conscious moral behavior and motivations for the younger adolescent, instilling in the child respect for the religious and cultural traditions of the multinational population of Russia, teaching the pupil the ability to dialogue with representatives of other world views and views. To more local tasks, allocated in the program of the foundations of secular ethics, are:

• The cultivation in the minds of the younger adolescent of the notion of the importance of moral values and norms for the worthy existence of the individual, the family, the whole society;
• Acquaintance of pupils with the basic principles of Christian (Orthodox), Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist cultures, key provisions of world religious movements and ethics;
• Systematization of concepts, knowledge and ideas about spiritual self-awareness, morality and culture received by younger adolescents in the early classes of primary school, based on them the formation of ideological value-semantic reference points that provide a unified perception of the native culture and history and their achievements in addressing the study of subjects with humanitarian Orientation at the level of the main (secondary) school;
• The development of students' abilities to cooperate and communicate in a multi-religious and multiethnic environment, where interaction is built on the principles of mutual respect and dialogue in order to preserve social harmony and peace.

Becoming an object

So, what is the secular ethic in schools and the fulfillment of what priority tasks it is aimed at today, it is clarified. But here is how the introduction to the school practice of an absolutely new, previously unfamiliar to the children of the academic discipline, passed? This process was carried out in 3 long stages:

1. From 2009 to 2011, this subject area was tested in 21 subjects of the Russian Federation.
2. From 2011 to 2014, the subject was introduced without exception in all the constituent entities of the country, supported and supported by the information and communication technology system, thanks to a specially created Internet resource that provides the organizational, methodological and information base for conducting the ORSEI course.
3. The final stage was held quite recently, namely, it covered the period from 2014 to 2016. At that time, a positive evaluation was made of the effectiveness of the introduction of such a discipline in general education institutions, in connection with which culture, secular ethics and knowledge of the fundamental provisions of world religions entered the school curricula as a single, compulsory and unchanging subject.

Directions for future development

At the third stage, it is also planned to gradually develop coordinating activity on the part of the executive power with respect to subjects of the Russian Federation in the sphere of education. The same applies to other participants (subjects) of the educational process, namely:

• Parents or other legal representatives from whom an informed choice of one of the modules proposed within the framework of ORSEC is required;
• Professional personnel who organize the process on the ground, are responsible for implementing an effective study of the course, support the theory with material and technical aids, and so on.

In addition, under control it is planned to take measures that allow to reveal the quality of teaching the subject in municipal and state general educational institutions of the Russian Federation. The development of the subject area of the foundations of secular ethics in the Federal State Educational Standard, in this case the initial basic general education (DOE), will continue. Adjustments and additions will be made in the light of the Concept of Education of the Personality of the Russian Citizen and his Spiritual and Moral Development.

What is spelled out in the GEF DOE?

The GEF's work program on secular ethics provides for the compulsory study of the subject, for example, in grade 4, during 34 study hours for the entire academic year. Periodicity of the discipline is 1 lesson in 5 working days; A similar provision was approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation on January 28, 2012, but was fixed by a special letter of the Ministry of Education and Science with a special provision, and earlier - in August. Initially, the subject was called "The Basics of the Spiritual and Moral Culture of the Peoples of Russia", however, by order of the Ministry of Education and Science in December 2012, a change was made to the GEF, according to which the academic discipline changed its name to the ORKSE mentioned above.

On the question "What is secular ethics in schools?", Knowledge gaps should no longer remain. However, how is discipline realized within the walls of each individual educational institution? The standard in this case is loyal: organizations independently form the structures of the basic educational school programs and ponurochnoe planning for secular ethics, one of the constituent units of which is, for example, the curriculum. However, management still needs to rely on some documents. These are the normative legal acts of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Government, the provisions of the Federal Law and the approximate plan for the basic educational program of GEF on the basics of secular ethics.

How is monitoring and what is it used for?

It may seem that ORKSE is an extremely inaccurate subject, incomparable, for example, with mathematics or physics, where there are formulas, laws, and proven theorems. Is it possible to check knowledge in this case? This is not true. In the GEF, a provision has been fixed that quarterly monitoring of student knowledge (traditional tests, tests, etc.) is conducted annually in each subject of Russia at the regional and federal levels. It allows you to:

• To determine the availability of the needs of the subjects of the Russian Federation in additional support for the course;
• To compare and enrich the accumulated pedagogical experience of teaching in relation to the "young" discipline;
• Identify the quality effects of the program, build a vector of its adjustment.

Subsequently, the results of monitoring are processed in a specially designed for this automated information and analysis system (shortly - IAS). Data is stored and gradually form a single database.

Modules

A lesson on the basics of secular ethics for your child is chosen by parents or any other legal representatives who draw up a statement in writing and provide the school leadership. There are 6 modules offered - these can be the basis:

1. Buddhist culture.
2. Orthodox culture.
3. Islamic culture.
4. Jewish culture.
5. Secular ethics.
6. World religious cultures.

In this case, the parents of third-grade pupils are offered counseling, informing and familiarizing activities so that they can make a voluntary, free, conscious and better choice of the module for their child. According to the law, both the implementation of the course itself and assistance to legal representatives in the definition can and should be carried out through the involvement of relevant centralized religious associations.

Positive value

The ORKSE course allows to educate patriotism, love, including to a small homeland, its representatives and their work, to help them acquire moral values and develop such qualities as respect for other cultures, tolerance, tolerance. The ORKSE course is aimed at developing meta-subject and personal results, which will be useful in the further development of the child as an apprentice.

In addition, it is within the framework of this discipline that families join the school: parents and other adults help children understand and correctly interpret different categories (love, friendship, altruism, wine, morality, conscientiousness, etc.) laid down in the content of the subject. Consolidation of efforts of all participants of the educational process allows to achieve the most effective results: this is the development of the ability of the child to reflect on his own actions, to show emotional and moral responsiveness, to work in a team.